Climate change is having an increasing impact on coastal infrastructure,leading to more frequent and intensified wave activity,including higher waves driven by typhoons and abnormal sea conditions.Consequently,issues ...Climate change is having an increasing impact on coastal infrastructure,leading to more frequent and intensified wave activity,including higher waves driven by typhoons and abnormal sea conditions.Consequently,issues related to the stability of existing port structures,such as caissons,have become a significant concern.In particular,gravity-type caisson on the land side of coastal port structures require enhanced stability and safety.Gravity-type caissons,which resist external forces through their own weight,are highly vulnerable to functional failures,such as sliding displacement,triggered by abnormal waves shifting specific caissons.The destruction of caisson and quay walls can lead to substantial recovery costs,necessitating improvements in caisson stability to address the challenges posed by increased wave forces and changes in port logistics due to larger vessels.One approach to enhancing caisson stability is the use of long caissons.Long caisson is commonly used where a breakwater is needed to withstand wave action and distribute forces evenly along a length of breakwater.The construction of caissons faces challenges due to limitations on the size of individual units imposed by construction conditions,launching methods,and marine crane requirements.Therefore,connecting multiple caissons to form long caissons presents a viable alternative.This study suggested two connection methods for long caissons.The first method was a hemisphere caisson,which allows the connection parts to seat against each other under self-weight during construction.The second method was a displacement-allowing connection utilizing rubble(embedded rebar connection within riprap connection).This approach allows some displacement while employing rebar to resist excessive deformation,thereby dispersing the resulting wave forces to adjacent caissons.Performance comparisons between the developed connections and conventional gravity-type caissons were conducted using a finite element analysis model.The results indicate that the proposed connections demonstrate improved resistance to wave forces compared to traditional caissons without such connections.Further studies should include field applications and performance evaluations of various caisson sizes under different environmental and geological conditions.展开更多
Tauopathies,such as Alzheimer's disease(AD),are neurodegenerative diseases characterized by the deposition of neurofibrillary tangles comprising hyperphosphorylated tau protein in the human brain.1 Given that abno...Tauopathies,such as Alzheimer's disease(AD),are neurodegenerative diseases characterized by the deposition of neurofibrillary tangles comprising hyperphosphorylated tau protein in the human brain.1 Given that abnormal epigenetic alterations in heterochromatin configuration have been documented in AD patients and transgenic animal models of AD,2 we investigated the roles of novel heterochromatin-associated interactors3 in tauopathies.Using transgenic flies via UAS-Gal4 binary system,we found that knockdown of Hipp1(HP1a and insulator partner protein-1)3 ameliorates.tauR4ow(referred to as"tau"hereafter for simplicity)2-induced locomotion defects,reduced lifespan,and degeneration of brain tissues.Intriguingly,Hipp1 knockdown restored tau-driven aberrant expression of putative insulator targets and aberrant insulator-mediated epigenetic alterations.HIPP1 may have a role as an insulator-binding partner regarding being implicated in tauinduced neurodegeneration.展开更多
基金supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Education(Nos.RS-2023-00212586 and RS-2024-00348557)the Korea Maritime&Ocean University Research Fund in 2024.
文摘Climate change is having an increasing impact on coastal infrastructure,leading to more frequent and intensified wave activity,including higher waves driven by typhoons and abnormal sea conditions.Consequently,issues related to the stability of existing port structures,such as caissons,have become a significant concern.In particular,gravity-type caisson on the land side of coastal port structures require enhanced stability and safety.Gravity-type caissons,which resist external forces through their own weight,are highly vulnerable to functional failures,such as sliding displacement,triggered by abnormal waves shifting specific caissons.The destruction of caisson and quay walls can lead to substantial recovery costs,necessitating improvements in caisson stability to address the challenges posed by increased wave forces and changes in port logistics due to larger vessels.One approach to enhancing caisson stability is the use of long caissons.Long caisson is commonly used where a breakwater is needed to withstand wave action and distribute forces evenly along a length of breakwater.The construction of caissons faces challenges due to limitations on the size of individual units imposed by construction conditions,launching methods,and marine crane requirements.Therefore,connecting multiple caissons to form long caissons presents a viable alternative.This study suggested two connection methods for long caissons.The first method was a hemisphere caisson,which allows the connection parts to seat against each other under self-weight during construction.The second method was a displacement-allowing connection utilizing rubble(embedded rebar connection within riprap connection).This approach allows some displacement while employing rebar to resist excessive deformation,thereby dispersing the resulting wave forces to adjacent caissons.Performance comparisons between the developed connections and conventional gravity-type caissons were conducted using a finite element analysis model.The results indicate that the proposed connections demonstrate improved resistance to wave forces compared to traditional caissons without such connections.Further studies should include field applications and performance evaluations of various caisson sizes under different environmental and geological conditions.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation grants from the Korean government(No.2016R1D1A1A02937353,2018R1D1A1B07042756,2018R1A5A2025964,2019R1A2C2083886,2021R1I1A1A01044744)Jieun Seo and Seulbee Lee received a scholarship from the BK21-plus education program of the National Research Foundation of Korea.
文摘Tauopathies,such as Alzheimer's disease(AD),are neurodegenerative diseases characterized by the deposition of neurofibrillary tangles comprising hyperphosphorylated tau protein in the human brain.1 Given that abnormal epigenetic alterations in heterochromatin configuration have been documented in AD patients and transgenic animal models of AD,2 we investigated the roles of novel heterochromatin-associated interactors3 in tauopathies.Using transgenic flies via UAS-Gal4 binary system,we found that knockdown of Hipp1(HP1a and insulator partner protein-1)3 ameliorates.tauR4ow(referred to as"tau"hereafter for simplicity)2-induced locomotion defects,reduced lifespan,and degeneration of brain tissues.Intriguingly,Hipp1 knockdown restored tau-driven aberrant expression of putative insulator targets and aberrant insulator-mediated epigenetic alterations.HIPP1 may have a role as an insulator-binding partner regarding being implicated in tauinduced neurodegeneration.
