Organelle integrity and maintenance of protein homeostasis and purpose is essential for fundamental equilibrium and survivability.Autophagy is the primary process which regulates the distribution of different cell loa...Organelle integrity and maintenance of protein homeostasis and purpose is essential for fundamental equilibrium and survivability.Autophagy is the primary process which regulates the distribution of different cell loads to lysosomes for destruction and reuse.Extensive research illustrates the protective functions of autophagy against various diseases.Though in cancer,noticeably contrasting functions of autophagy have been evaluated in the prohibition of preliminary tumor evolution vs the continuance and,anabolic and catabolic variations of wellestablished and invasive tumors.Autophagy possesses numerous roles in tumor microenvironment(TME)establishment and associated immune cells function which is addressed in recent studies.Autophagic machinery which is employed in different autophagy-related pathways contributes to metastatic diseases and are distinct from classical autophagy.Therapeutic strategies based on the inhibition or induction of autophagy and related processes has helped in the designing of efficient anticancer drugs.According to the review,we evaluate and decipher the various purposes of autophagy and its association with autophagy mechanisms in course of tumor development,invasion and progression.We summarize the latest findings involving the role of these activities including tumor cells and TME and define further breakthrough in therapy aiming at autophagic activities in cancer.展开更多
Cold-adapted bioinoculants are considered as harbingers of sustainable hill agriculture. Therefore, two previously characterized psychrotolerant diazotrophs, Pseudomonas jesenii MP1 and Rhodococcus qingshengii S10107,...Cold-adapted bioinoculants are considered as harbingers of sustainable hill agriculture. Therefore, two previously characterized psychrotolerant diazotrophs, Pseudomonas jesenii MP1 and Rhodococcus qingshengii S10107, were evaluated for their plant growthpromoting potential for chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) grown under natural field conditions. Comparative analysis of agronomical and biochemical crop parameters revealed the irrelevance of chemical fertilizers for chickpea production;the diazotrophs alone were sufficient to fulfil the crop's nutritional requirement. However, the integrated use of bacterial strains in combination with urea at 20 kg N ha^-1 as urea was being recommended for higher crop yield and better soil nitrogen status. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE)-based soil bacterial dynamics unveiled the persistence of both diazotrophs until the end of the crop maturation period without affecting the native micro-flora. Therefore, these bioinoculants can be explored as natural nitrogen resource, and an additional incentive in their bio-formulation will be a step towards agricultural sustainability.展开更多
Due to the importance of Critical Infrastructure(Cl)in a nation's economy,they have been lucrative targets for cyber attackers.These critical infrastructures are usually Cyber-Physical Systems such as power grids,...Due to the importance of Critical Infrastructure(Cl)in a nation's economy,they have been lucrative targets for cyber attackers.These critical infrastructures are usually Cyber-Physical Systems such as power grids,water,and sewage treatment facilities,oil and gas pipelines,etc.In recent times,these systems have suffered from cyber attacks numer-ous times.Researchers have been developing cyber security solutions for Cls to avoid lasting damages.According to standard frameworks,cyber security based on identification,protection,detection,response,and recovery are at the core of these research.Detection of an ongoing attack that escapes standard protection such as firewall,anti-virus,and host/network intrusion detection has gained importance as such attacks eventually affect the physical dynamics of the system.Therefore,anomaly detection in physical dynamics proves an effective means to implement defense-in-depth.PASAD is one example of anomaly detection in the sensor/actuator data,representing such systems physical dynamics.We present EPASAD,which improves the detection technique used in PASAD to detect these micro-stealthy attacks,as our experiments show that PASAD's spherical boundary-based detection fails to detect.Our method EPASAD overcomes this by using Ellipsoid boundaries,thereby tightening the boundaries in various dimen-sions,whereas a spherical boundary treats all dimensions equally.We validate EPASAD using the dataset produced by the TE-process simulator and the C-town datasets.The results show that EPASAD improves PASAD's average recall by 5.8%and 9.5%for the two datasets,respectively.展开更多
基金Supported by DBT-BUILDER-University of Lucknow Interdisciplinary Life Science Programme for Advance Research and Education(Level Ⅱ),No.TG BT/INF/22/SP47623/2022.
文摘Organelle integrity and maintenance of protein homeostasis and purpose is essential for fundamental equilibrium and survivability.Autophagy is the primary process which regulates the distribution of different cell loads to lysosomes for destruction and reuse.Extensive research illustrates the protective functions of autophagy against various diseases.Though in cancer,noticeably contrasting functions of autophagy have been evaluated in the prohibition of preliminary tumor evolution vs the continuance and,anabolic and catabolic variations of wellestablished and invasive tumors.Autophagy possesses numerous roles in tumor microenvironment(TME)establishment and associated immune cells function which is addressed in recent studies.Autophagic machinery which is employed in different autophagy-related pathways contributes to metastatic diseases and are distinct from classical autophagy.Therapeutic strategies based on the inhibition or induction of autophagy and related processes has helped in the designing of efficient anticancer drugs.According to the review,we evaluate and decipher the various purposes of autophagy and its association with autophagy mechanisms in course of tumor development,invasion and progression.We summarize the latest findings involving the role of these activities including tumor cells and TME and define further breakthrough in therapy aiming at autophagic activities in cancer.
基金support from the Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB) young scientist scheme (No.YSS/2015/001214)Senior Research Fellowship (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research Award No. 09/171(0126)/2015-EMR-I) to Mr. Saurabh Kumar
文摘Cold-adapted bioinoculants are considered as harbingers of sustainable hill agriculture. Therefore, two previously characterized psychrotolerant diazotrophs, Pseudomonas jesenii MP1 and Rhodococcus qingshengii S10107, were evaluated for their plant growthpromoting potential for chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) grown under natural field conditions. Comparative analysis of agronomical and biochemical crop parameters revealed the irrelevance of chemical fertilizers for chickpea production;the diazotrophs alone were sufficient to fulfil the crop's nutritional requirement. However, the integrated use of bacterial strains in combination with urea at 20 kg N ha^-1 as urea was being recommended for higher crop yield and better soil nitrogen status. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE)-based soil bacterial dynamics unveiled the persistence of both diazotrophs until the end of the crop maturation period without affecting the native micro-flora. Therefore, these bioinoculants can be explored as natural nitrogen resource, and an additional incentive in their bio-formulation will be a step towards agricultural sustainability.
文摘Due to the importance of Critical Infrastructure(Cl)in a nation's economy,they have been lucrative targets for cyber attackers.These critical infrastructures are usually Cyber-Physical Systems such as power grids,water,and sewage treatment facilities,oil and gas pipelines,etc.In recent times,these systems have suffered from cyber attacks numer-ous times.Researchers have been developing cyber security solutions for Cls to avoid lasting damages.According to standard frameworks,cyber security based on identification,protection,detection,response,and recovery are at the core of these research.Detection of an ongoing attack that escapes standard protection such as firewall,anti-virus,and host/network intrusion detection has gained importance as such attacks eventually affect the physical dynamics of the system.Therefore,anomaly detection in physical dynamics proves an effective means to implement defense-in-depth.PASAD is one example of anomaly detection in the sensor/actuator data,representing such systems physical dynamics.We present EPASAD,which improves the detection technique used in PASAD to detect these micro-stealthy attacks,as our experiments show that PASAD's spherical boundary-based detection fails to detect.Our method EPASAD overcomes this by using Ellipsoid boundaries,thereby tightening the boundaries in various dimen-sions,whereas a spherical boundary treats all dimensions equally.We validate EPASAD using the dataset produced by the TE-process simulator and the C-town datasets.The results show that EPASAD improves PASAD's average recall by 5.8%and 9.5%for the two datasets,respectively.
