Many essential oils (EOs) and powders of aromatic plants with insecticidal properties are increasingly considered alternative insecticides to protect stored products against pests. One of these pests is Ephestia caute...Many essential oils (EOs) and powders of aromatic plants with insecticidal properties are increasingly considered alternative insecticides to protect stored products against pests. One of these pests is Ephestia cautella Walker, which is a major pest in stored nuts. The larvae of this insect infesting shea kernels cause considerable damage. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of neem kernel powder and Eucalyptus camaldulensis essential oil in controlling E. cautella populations in shea kernel stocks. The study involved applying varying concentrations of neem kernel powder and E. camaldulensis EOs to E. cautella adults, larvae and eggs. A quantity of 2 g to 15 g of neem kernel powder caused high mortality rates (77.5% to 95%) of larvae by inhibiting their development. However, these same powder quantities proved ineffective in controlling adults. E. camaldulensis EOs caused 100% mortality in adults with a concentration of 15 µl/l for 24 hours. By direct contact, this oil caused 100% mortality of larvae at a concentration of 3 µl. It had no significant impact on embryonic development. The difference in toxicity observed between the different stages of the insect suggests a control strategy based on combining both bio-pesticides to optimize their effectiveness in protecting shea kernel stocks.展开更多
The study was conducted at the agricultural experimental station of Farako-Bâ, specifically in the Cotton Program. Insects were collected in Farako-Bâ?field and raised in the Cotton Program. Dysder...The study was conducted at the agricultural experimental station of Farako-Bâ, specifically in the Cotton Program. Insects were collected in Farako-Bâ?field and raised in the Cotton Program. Dysdercus voëkeri Schmidt is one of cotton cultivation main pests in Burkina Faso. The control of this devastating cotton bug is based on chemical using. For researching alternative solutions, a part of the biological control method was investigated by using Phonoctonus lutescens which is D. vöelkeri natural enemy, in order to develop a biological control method. To understand the bioecology of P. lutescens, our study has been carried out on this insect under laboratory conditions when it was feed on its prey which is D. voëkeri. The results have demonstrated that the pre-copulation period is 9.33 ± 2.14 days. The oviposition period is 6.97 ± 1.47 days, after which 366.73 ± 27.43 eggs on average are laid with 92.33% ± 4% hatchability. From hatching to adult stage, P. lutescens larvae development goes through five stages with variable durations according to the stage. The results showed that the development cycle lasted 57.23 ± 5.81 days at a temperature of 27.5°C ± 2°C and a relative humidity of 42% ± 3%. Survival rates ranged from 92% to 97.47%. Males and females lived respectively 87.5 ± 27.99 days and 107.97 ± 24.21 days. These results could permit a better use of P. lutescens through a mass rearing and an optimization of D. voëkeri biological control.展开更多
文摘Many essential oils (EOs) and powders of aromatic plants with insecticidal properties are increasingly considered alternative insecticides to protect stored products against pests. One of these pests is Ephestia cautella Walker, which is a major pest in stored nuts. The larvae of this insect infesting shea kernels cause considerable damage. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of neem kernel powder and Eucalyptus camaldulensis essential oil in controlling E. cautella populations in shea kernel stocks. The study involved applying varying concentrations of neem kernel powder and E. camaldulensis EOs to E. cautella adults, larvae and eggs. A quantity of 2 g to 15 g of neem kernel powder caused high mortality rates (77.5% to 95%) of larvae by inhibiting their development. However, these same powder quantities proved ineffective in controlling adults. E. camaldulensis EOs caused 100% mortality in adults with a concentration of 15 µl/l for 24 hours. By direct contact, this oil caused 100% mortality of larvae at a concentration of 3 µl. It had no significant impact on embryonic development. The difference in toxicity observed between the different stages of the insect suggests a control strategy based on combining both bio-pesticides to optimize their effectiveness in protecting shea kernel stocks.
文摘The study was conducted at the agricultural experimental station of Farako-Bâ, specifically in the Cotton Program. Insects were collected in Farako-Bâ?field and raised in the Cotton Program. Dysdercus voëkeri Schmidt is one of cotton cultivation main pests in Burkina Faso. The control of this devastating cotton bug is based on chemical using. For researching alternative solutions, a part of the biological control method was investigated by using Phonoctonus lutescens which is D. vöelkeri natural enemy, in order to develop a biological control method. To understand the bioecology of P. lutescens, our study has been carried out on this insect under laboratory conditions when it was feed on its prey which is D. voëkeri. The results have demonstrated that the pre-copulation period is 9.33 ± 2.14 days. The oviposition period is 6.97 ± 1.47 days, after which 366.73 ± 27.43 eggs on average are laid with 92.33% ± 4% hatchability. From hatching to adult stage, P. lutescens larvae development goes through five stages with variable durations according to the stage. The results showed that the development cycle lasted 57.23 ± 5.81 days at a temperature of 27.5°C ± 2°C and a relative humidity of 42% ± 3%. Survival rates ranged from 92% to 97.47%. Males and females lived respectively 87.5 ± 27.99 days and 107.97 ± 24.21 days. These results could permit a better use of P. lutescens through a mass rearing and an optimization of D. voëkeri biological control.
