Right vocal cord paralysis in our present case was diagnosed on clinical and radiological examination which is precipitated by an anomalous right aortic arch with diverticulum. This is a very uncommon vascular etiolog...Right vocal cord paralysis in our present case was diagnosed on clinical and radiological examination which is precipitated by an anomalous right aortic arch with diverticulum. This is a very uncommon vascular etiology of hoarseness and is extremely rare. Because of this rarity, the practicing otolaryngologist may miss this finding while evaluating a case of idiopathic right vocal cord paralysis. Thus, the authors feel that idiopathic or unexplained right vocal cord paralysis should be routinely investigated with a CT or MRI of neck and chest with or without contrast to avoid such shortcomings. There is only one such case of right vocal cord paralysis by right aortic which has been reported earlier in literature.展开更多
Rice–wheat cropping system(RWCS)of the South Asia is labour-,water-,capital-and energy-intensive,and become less profitable as the availability of these resources diminished.This could be further aggravated with dete...Rice–wheat cropping system(RWCS)of the South Asia is labour-,water-,capital-and energy-intensive,and become less profitable as the availability of these resources diminished.This could be further aggravated with deterioration of soil structure,declining underground water and lesser land and water productivity which ultimately are threat in front of sustainable and profitable RWCS in the region.For improving the profits,production and sustainability of this sequence-a paradigm shift is required.Scientists recommended different resource-conserving technologies(RCTs)viz.zero tillage,laser levelling,irrigation based on soil matric potential,bed planting,direct seeding,mechanical transplanting of rice and crop diversification for this purpose.These technologies are site specific and before selecting any particular RCT for a particular region,soil texture and agro-climatic conditions must be considered.A solitary approach/RCT might not be effective to solve the upcoming issue of producing more food grains with inadequate available water and land.Therefore,an integrated approach is required.But before implementing any approach,different issues relating to RWCS must be discovered,considered and addressed in a holistic manner.In this review,an attempt was made to highlight different issues resulted from the practise of intensive rice–wheat cropping sequence of the region,which must be considered while framing and implementing any integrated approach/project such as conservation agriculture for improving the productions,profits and sustainability of RWCS in the region.展开更多
文摘Right vocal cord paralysis in our present case was diagnosed on clinical and radiological examination which is precipitated by an anomalous right aortic arch with diverticulum. This is a very uncommon vascular etiology of hoarseness and is extremely rare. Because of this rarity, the practicing otolaryngologist may miss this finding while evaluating a case of idiopathic right vocal cord paralysis. Thus, the authors feel that idiopathic or unexplained right vocal cord paralysis should be routinely investigated with a CT or MRI of neck and chest with or without contrast to avoid such shortcomings. There is only one such case of right vocal cord paralysis by right aortic which has been reported earlier in literature.
基金Authors are highly thankful to Punjab Agricultural University,Ludhiana,Punjab,India for providing them an opportunity to write this review.
文摘Rice–wheat cropping system(RWCS)of the South Asia is labour-,water-,capital-and energy-intensive,and become less profitable as the availability of these resources diminished.This could be further aggravated with deterioration of soil structure,declining underground water and lesser land and water productivity which ultimately are threat in front of sustainable and profitable RWCS in the region.For improving the profits,production and sustainability of this sequence-a paradigm shift is required.Scientists recommended different resource-conserving technologies(RCTs)viz.zero tillage,laser levelling,irrigation based on soil matric potential,bed planting,direct seeding,mechanical transplanting of rice and crop diversification for this purpose.These technologies are site specific and before selecting any particular RCT for a particular region,soil texture and agro-climatic conditions must be considered.A solitary approach/RCT might not be effective to solve the upcoming issue of producing more food grains with inadequate available water and land.Therefore,an integrated approach is required.But before implementing any approach,different issues relating to RWCS must be discovered,considered and addressed in a holistic manner.In this review,an attempt was made to highlight different issues resulted from the practise of intensive rice–wheat cropping sequence of the region,which must be considered while framing and implementing any integrated approach/project such as conservation agriculture for improving the productions,profits and sustainability of RWCS in the region.
