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Analysis on Construction Technology of Wear-resistant Concrete Floor for Large-scale Factory Building
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作者 sunxuejun 《外文科技期刊数据库(文摘版)工程技术》 2022年第2期195-200,共6页
This electronic factory building project is located in the 78M2 plot of Beijing Economic and Technological Development Zone, with a construction area of 21000 m2. It has two floors above the ground and one floor parti... This electronic factory building project is located in the 78M2 plot of Beijing Economic and Technological Development Zone, with a construction area of 21000 m2. It has two floors above the ground and one floor partially, without basement. The north-south span is 132.8m, the east-west span is 81m, the structural form is frame structure, the foundation is independent column foundation, and the column spacing is 6000×9000. After completion, it will become the largest production base of the electronic products company in Beijing. The first floor is a wear-resistant concrete floor, which is compacted by plain soil with a 300mm thick graded sand cushion layer and a compaction coefficient of not less than 0.95;200mm thick C20 concrete with Φ 6 @ 200 double-layer bidirectional reinforcement;80mm thick C25 fine stone concrete (internally equipped with φ6@200 single-layer bidirectional reinforcing steel bar), the design requires that 2mm thick wear-resistant material should be evenly spread on the surface of concrete before initial setting (refer to the design requirements for details of wear-resistant material). After the spreading is completed, mechanical trowel should be used for slurry lifting, troweling and calendering, so that the wear-resistant material can be embedded into the concrete surface layer and react with certain components in the concrete to finally form a hard wear-resistant surface layer so as to improve the wear resistance and impact resistance of the concrete surface. A series of technical measures, such as throwing the wear-resistant material twice, controlling the timing of throwing the wear-resistant material and the uniformity of throwing the material, curing the film and mechanically cutting the gap, etc., were adopted to form the ground with a smooth and smooth surface, uniform color, clear and straight grid seams, good appearance, strength and quality meeting the specification requirements, which were well received. 展开更多
关键词 wear-resistant ground spreading time mechanical finishing mechanical cutting
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中国12余万例经自然腔道取标本手术(NOSES)临床应用现况分析
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作者 俞少俊 关旭 +34 位作者 郑见宝 于冠宇 刘恒辰 王贵玉 张卫 韩方海 王丹波 周海涛 胡军红 彭健 姚宏亮 何庆泗 郑阳春 康亮 王振宁 江波 熊治国 马丹 孙学军 李云峰 李永翔 韦烨 丁志杰 周主青 汤庆超 李耀平 薛芳沁 刘萍 刘东宁 中国NOSES联盟 中国抗癌协会NOSES专委会 中国医师协会结直肠肿瘤专业委员会NOSES学组 李太原 丁克峰 王锡山 《中华结直肠疾病电子杂志》 2025年第6期497-508,共12页
目的分析我国经自然腔道取标本手术(NOSES)临床应用现况,为规范科学地推广NOSES手术提供重要参考。方法基于微信问卷的形式,针对我国从事普通外科、肿瘤外科、妇科、泌尿外科等专业的医师展开调查,包括医师基本情况、NOSES开展情况、开... 目的分析我国经自然腔道取标本手术(NOSES)临床应用现况,为规范科学地推广NOSES手术提供重要参考。方法基于微信问卷的形式,针对我国从事普通外科、肿瘤外科、妇科、泌尿外科等专业的医师展开调查,包括医师基本情况、NOSES开展情况、开展NOSES面临的挑战以及NOSES技术培训和科研现状。结果本次调查覆盖我国31个省份、自治区及直辖市,共收到有效问卷1710份,其中开展NOSES手术人数为1166人,占68.2%,未开展NOSES手术人数为544人,占31.8%。开展NOSES手术的医院共有854家,共开展120835例NOSES手术,其中按学科领域分类,结直肠肿瘤86430例(71%),胃肿瘤11574例(10%),妇科肿瘤5612例(5%),其他良性疾病为17219例(14%);按取标本途径分类,经肛门取标本95553例(79.1%),经阴道取标本23383例(19.4%),经直肠前壁切开取标本1375例(1.1%)。按同类手术占比分类,478家医院开展NOSES手术例数占同类手术比例小于10%,317家医院在10%~20%,59家医院在20%以上。调查发现大多数医师接触NOSES技术主要通过大型学术会议(53%),学习NOSES技术主要为参加培训班(42%)和观看专家手术直播演示(38%)。88%的已开展NOSES手术主刀医师认为助手需要去有经验的中心学习NOSES技术,92%的未开展NOSES手术医师认为需要去有经验的中心学习NOSES技术;50.3%的已开展NOSES手术主刀医师认为助手需要学习10~20例手术后可授予独立开展资质,55.3%的未开展NOSES手术医师认为需要学习10~20例手术后可以独立开展该手术。290人开展过NOSES相关课题研究,212人发表过中文论文,125人发表过英文论文,数据库数据上传数量(67人),分别较2022年调查增长42.86%、26.19%、50.60%和131.03%。83.2%和82.7%的医院支持本单位和本单位医师开展NOSES手术,99.5%的经治患者对NOSES手术效果非常满意。结论NOSES手术在我国已经得到广泛关注并快速增长,总数超过12万例,学科涵盖结直肠、胃、妇科、肝胆、泌尿等,在医院、医师及患者等层面均产生了积极影响。近年来,中青年医师已成为开展NOSES手术的主力军;非三甲医院的基层医师已具备了常规开展NOSES手术的能力;大型学术会议使更多的医师了解NOSES手术,NOSES技术推广得益于手术演示和培训班;到有资质的培训基地学习将是年轻医生学习成长快速有效的方法。目前,NOSES相关科研文章及课题持续增加,临床研究逐渐起步,将为NOSES技术提供更高级别的循证医学证据。 展开更多
关键词 经自然腔道取标本手术(NOSES) 微创手术 现况分析 临床应用
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