The yield of tar and syngas has been investigated by catalytic pyrolysis of Pingzhuang lignite(PZL)over Ca(OH)2 catalyst in temperature range of 600℃-1000℃in a tube furnace.The results show that the yield of volatil...The yield of tar and syngas has been investigated by catalytic pyrolysis of Pingzhuang lignite(PZL)over Ca(OH)2 catalyst in temperature range of 600℃-1000℃in a tube furnace.The results show that the yield of volatile pyrolysis increases and char decreases with rising temperature for both raw and catalyzed Pingzhuang lignite.The hydrogen fraction(H2)increased from 20%to 40%for the PZL sample;but,for the PZL-Ca(OH)2 sample,H2 fraction fluctuated randomly between 35%to 42%,with the maximum H2 fraction found at 1000℃.The Gaschromatography mass-spectroscopic(GC-MS)analysis revealed that the maximum tar yield at 800℃and 700℃was obtained for PZL and PZL-Ca(OH)2,respectively.The surface morphology of PZL and PZL-Ca(OH)2 chars underwent different transformation in the presence of catalyst as illustrated by SEM/EDX,FTIR,and BET analysis.Furthermore,char sample was investigated for the carbon conversion and reactivity index using TGA analysis under N2 and CO atmosphere.展开更多
Ozone production utilizing surface dielectric barrier discharge（SDBD） was experimental studied for different flow patterns considering the influences of transversal flow, lateral flow and different lateral flow posi...Ozone production utilizing surface dielectric barrier discharge（SDBD） was experimental studied for different flow patterns considering the influences of transversal flow, lateral flow and different lateral flow positions. Results show that the flow patterns have a remarkable impact on the ozone yield by affecting the uniformity and turbulence of gas flow. Meanwhile, distributing the O2 flow rate according to the intensity of the plasma reaction would also increase the generation efficiency of SDBD for ozone production. By improving the uniformity and introducing the lateral flow to the transversal flow, the highest ozone yield was obtained in flow pattern ‘F’. In this case, the ozone yield increased by 28.4% to 131 g kWh-1 from 102.8 g k Wh-1 in flow pattern ‘A’.展开更多
Pyrolysis was carried out in an entrained flow drop-tube furnace（DTF） and tube furnace（TF） using Pingzhuang lignite coal with various catalyst concentrations（2 wt%, 4 wt%, and 6 wt%） of KCl and CaCl2 for the syn...Pyrolysis was carried out in an entrained flow drop-tube furnace（DTF） and tube furnace（TF） using Pingzhuang lignite coal with various catalyst concentrations（2 wt%, 4 wt%, and 6 wt%） of KCl and CaCl2 for the syngas component at 800°C–1200°C. Five catalysts（KCl, CaCl2, NiCl2, MnCl2, and ZnCl2） at 6 wt% were chosen for DTF at 800°C–1200°C. An online gas chromatograph analyzer and the Fourier transform infrared spectra were used for the analysis of the syngas and char structure. Results showed that the overall CO2 and CH4 content in DTF was lower than that in TF, mainly due to the CH4 carbon reaction at high temperature. Moreover, the CO% in DTF was higher than in the TF experiment, as char reacts with carbon dioxide to form carbon monoxide. In DTF experiment, the maximum and minimum CO2 content was 15.20% with 6 wt% Mn at 800°C and 0.33% with 6 wt% K at 1100°C, respectively. The maximum CO% was found in raw coal. Concentrations of Mn2+, Zn2+, and K+can significantly increase H2%, whereas Ca2+ and Ni2+ have a minor effect on H2%; however, the overall presence of catalyst has a positive impact on the H2 content.展开更多
基金Supported by the Innovation Reasearch Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51621005)EPSRC from the UK.
文摘The yield of tar and syngas has been investigated by catalytic pyrolysis of Pingzhuang lignite(PZL)over Ca(OH)2 catalyst in temperature range of 600℃-1000℃in a tube furnace.The results show that the yield of volatile pyrolysis increases and char decreases with rising temperature for both raw and catalyzed Pingzhuang lignite.The hydrogen fraction(H2)increased from 20%to 40%for the PZL sample;but,for the PZL-Ca(OH)2 sample,H2 fraction fluctuated randomly between 35%to 42%,with the maximum H2 fraction found at 1000℃.The Gaschromatography mass-spectroscopic(GC-MS)analysis revealed that the maximum tar yield at 800℃and 700℃was obtained for PZL and PZL-Ca(OH)2,respectively.The surface morphology of PZL and PZL-Ca(OH)2 chars underwent different transformation in the presence of catalyst as illustrated by SEM/EDX,FTIR,and BET analysis.Furthermore,char sample was investigated for the carbon conversion and reactivity index using TGA analysis under N2 and CO atmosphere.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51776185)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation(LR16E060001)
文摘Ozone production utilizing surface dielectric barrier discharge（SDBD） was experimental studied for different flow patterns considering the influences of transversal flow, lateral flow and different lateral flow positions. Results show that the flow patterns have a remarkable impact on the ozone yield by affecting the uniformity and turbulence of gas flow. Meanwhile, distributing the O2 flow rate according to the intensity of the plasma reaction would also increase the generation efficiency of SDBD for ozone production. By improving the uniformity and introducing the lateral flow to the transversal flow, the highest ozone yield was obtained in flow pattern ‘F’. In this case, the ozone yield increased by 28.4% to 131 g kWh-1 from 102.8 g k Wh-1 in flow pattern ‘A’.
基金supported by the Innovative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51621005)
文摘Pyrolysis was carried out in an entrained flow drop-tube furnace（DTF） and tube furnace（TF） using Pingzhuang lignite coal with various catalyst concentrations（2 wt%, 4 wt%, and 6 wt%） of KCl and CaCl2 for the syngas component at 800°C–1200°C. Five catalysts（KCl, CaCl2, NiCl2, MnCl2, and ZnCl2） at 6 wt% were chosen for DTF at 800°C–1200°C. An online gas chromatograph analyzer and the Fourier transform infrared spectra were used for the analysis of the syngas and char structure. Results showed that the overall CO2 and CH4 content in DTF was lower than that in TF, mainly due to the CH4 carbon reaction at high temperature. Moreover, the CO% in DTF was higher than in the TF experiment, as char reacts with carbon dioxide to form carbon monoxide. In DTF experiment, the maximum and minimum CO2 content was 15.20% with 6 wt% Mn at 800°C and 0.33% with 6 wt% K at 1100°C, respectively. The maximum CO% was found in raw coal. Concentrations of Mn2+, Zn2+, and K+can significantly increase H2%, whereas Ca2+ and Ni2+ have a minor effect on H2%; however, the overall presence of catalyst has a positive impact on the H2 content.
