黄河流域是我国重要的生态屏障和经济区,防风固沙服务及其驱动机制的研究对于筑牢黄河流域生态安全屏障具有重要意义。基于修正土壤风蚀模型(RWEQ)定量评估黄河流域2000—2018年防风固沙服务时空变化,采用相关分析和地理加权回归模型(G...黄河流域是我国重要的生态屏障和经济区,防风固沙服务及其驱动机制的研究对于筑牢黄河流域生态安全屏障具有重要意义。基于修正土壤风蚀模型(RWEQ)定量评估黄河流域2000—2018年防风固沙服务时空变化,采用相关分析和地理加权回归模型(GWR)从社会、气候、土壤、植被、地形等角度探究各驱动因素对黄河流域防风固沙服务影响的空间异质性。结果表明:(1)2000—2018年黄河流域土壤风蚀模数与单位面积防风固沙量分别以0.04 t hm^(-2)a^(-1)和0.14 t hm^(-2)a^(-1)的速率下降,而防风固沙保有率和植被覆盖度则分别以0.05%·a^(-1)和0.26%·a^(-1)的速率上升。(2)黄河流域土壤风蚀以微度(<2 t hm^(-2)a^(-1))和轻度(2—25 t hm^(-2)a^(-1))为主,共占研究区面积的96.28%。土壤风蚀在空间分布呈现西北高东南低的特点,而防风固沙服务高值则主要分布于西北部和下游流域。(3)各驱动因素对黄河流域防风固沙服务的影响具有明显的空间异质性,其中降水、温度、实际蒸散量、土壤黏粒含量、土壤有机质含量和坡度以负面抑制作用为主,而风速、气压、归一化植被指数和土壤粗砂含量则主要呈现正向促进作用。本研究结果可为黄河流域荒漠化防治和生态保护修复提供一定参考和依据。展开更多
The degradation of ecosystem structure and function on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is the result of a combination of natural and anthropogenic factors,with landscape change driven by global change and human activities b...The degradation of ecosystem structure and function on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is the result of a combination of natural and anthropogenic factors,with landscape change driven by global change and human activities being one of the major ecological challenges facing the region.This study analyzed the spatiotemporal characteristics of ecosystem services(ESs)and landscape patterns in eastern Qinghai province(EQHP)from 2000 to 2018using multisource datasets and landscape indices.Three ecosystem service bundles(ESBs)were identified using the self-organizing map(SOM),and changes in ecosystem structure and function were analyzed through bundle-landscaped spatial combinations.The study also explored the interactions between ESs and natural and human factors using redundancy analysis(RDA).We revealed an increase in total ecosystem service in the EQHP from 1.59 in 2000 to 1.69 in 2018,with a significant change in landscape patterns driven by the conversion of unused land to grassland in the southwest.Forestland,grassland,and unused land were identified as important to the supply of ESs.In comparison to human activities,natural environmental factors were found to have a stronger impact on changes in ESs,with vegetation,meteorology,soil texture,and landscape composition being the main driving factors.However,the role of driving factors within different ESBs varied significantly.Exploring the response of ecosystem services to changes in landscape patterns can provide valuable insights for achieving sustainable ecological management and contribute to ecological restoration efforts.展开更多
Incorporating ecosystem health(EH)assessment into ecological function zoning(EFZ)provides a scientific basis for regional ecosystem management.This study quantitatively assessed EH in Qinghai and Xizang(QX)of China du...Incorporating ecosystem health(EH)assessment into ecological function zoning(EFZ)provides a scientific basis for regional ecosystem management.This study quantitatively assessed EH in Qinghai and Xizang(QX)of China during 2000–2023 using the vigor-organization-resilience-services(VORS)model across multiple spatial scales(raster,town,county,and basin),and examined spatial clustering patterns using spatial autocorrelation.EH indicators were then integrated with ecological sensitivity to delineate ecological function zones using self-organizing feature mapping(SOFM),and path analysis was applied to identify dominant drivers of EH across different zones.Results showed that:1)EH in QX generally improved over time but exhibited pronounced scale dependence and spatial heterogeneity.A stable large-scale gradient of‘higher in the east and lower in the north’was observed across all scales,while temporal variations were more evident at finer scales and became attenuated at coarser scales.2)EH displayed significant positive spatial autocorrelation dominated by‘High-High’and‘Low-Low’associations,although clustering strength declined over time,especially at finer spatial resolutions.3)QX was designated as five ecological function zones,named using a three-part scheme(geographic sectordominant ecosystem type-primary function):North-Alpine desert-Sand fixation zone(ZoneⅠ),West-Alpine desert steppe-Ecological fragile zone(ZoneⅡ),Southwest-Alpine steppe and meadow-Water sensitive zone(ZoneⅢ),East-Alpine meadow-Water yield zone(ZoneⅣ),and Southeast-Tropical seasonal rainforest-Ecosystem services provisioning zone(ZoneⅤ).4)At the raster scale of the entire study area,temperature and proportion of forestland area were the most influential factors associated with EH,while NDVI and the proportion of grassland area played relatively smaller roles.Across zones,the dominant drivers of EH differed,reflecting clear spatial heterogeneity in ecosystem regulation mechanisms.These findings demonstrate the value of integrating EH assessment into EFZ and provide scientific support for differentiated ecosystem management and conservation strategies in QX.展开更多
文摘黄河流域是我国重要的生态屏障和经济区,防风固沙服务及其驱动机制的研究对于筑牢黄河流域生态安全屏障具有重要意义。基于修正土壤风蚀模型(RWEQ)定量评估黄河流域2000—2018年防风固沙服务时空变化,采用相关分析和地理加权回归模型(GWR)从社会、气候、土壤、植被、地形等角度探究各驱动因素对黄河流域防风固沙服务影响的空间异质性。结果表明:(1)2000—2018年黄河流域土壤风蚀模数与单位面积防风固沙量分别以0.04 t hm^(-2)a^(-1)和0.14 t hm^(-2)a^(-1)的速率下降,而防风固沙保有率和植被覆盖度则分别以0.05%·a^(-1)和0.26%·a^(-1)的速率上升。(2)黄河流域土壤风蚀以微度(<2 t hm^(-2)a^(-1))和轻度(2—25 t hm^(-2)a^(-1))为主,共占研究区面积的96.28%。土壤风蚀在空间分布呈现西北高东南低的特点,而防风固沙服务高值则主要分布于西北部和下游流域。(3)各驱动因素对黄河流域防风固沙服务的影响具有明显的空间异质性,其中降水、温度、实际蒸散量、土壤黏粒含量、土壤有机质含量和坡度以负面抑制作用为主,而风速、气压、归一化植被指数和土壤粗砂含量则主要呈现正向促进作用。本研究结果可为黄河流域荒漠化防治和生态保护修复提供一定参考和依据。
基金The Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program,No.2019QZKK0405The Chinese Academy of Sciences+1 种基金Strategic Pilot Science and Technology Project(Class A),No.XDA2002040201The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,CHD,No.300102352201。
文摘The degradation of ecosystem structure and function on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is the result of a combination of natural and anthropogenic factors,with landscape change driven by global change and human activities being one of the major ecological challenges facing the region.This study analyzed the spatiotemporal characteristics of ecosystem services(ESs)and landscape patterns in eastern Qinghai province(EQHP)from 2000 to 2018using multisource datasets and landscape indices.Three ecosystem service bundles(ESBs)were identified using the self-organizing map(SOM),and changes in ecosystem structure and function were analyzed through bundle-landscaped spatial combinations.The study also explored the interactions between ESs and natural and human factors using redundancy analysis(RDA).We revealed an increase in total ecosystem service in the EQHP from 1.59 in 2000 to 1.69 in 2018,with a significant change in landscape patterns driven by the conversion of unused land to grassland in the southwest.Forestland,grassland,and unused land were identified as important to the supply of ESs.In comparison to human activities,natural environmental factors were found to have a stronger impact on changes in ESs,with vegetation,meteorology,soil texture,and landscape composition being the main driving factors.However,the role of driving factors within different ESBs varied significantly.Exploring the response of ecosystem services to changes in landscape patterns can provide valuable insights for achieving sustainable ecological management and contribute to ecological restoration efforts.
基金Under the auspices of Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program(No.20190ZKK0405)the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Strategic Pilot Science and Technology Project(Class A)(No.XDA2002040201)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,CHD(No.300102354901)。
文摘Incorporating ecosystem health(EH)assessment into ecological function zoning(EFZ)provides a scientific basis for regional ecosystem management.This study quantitatively assessed EH in Qinghai and Xizang(QX)of China during 2000–2023 using the vigor-organization-resilience-services(VORS)model across multiple spatial scales(raster,town,county,and basin),and examined spatial clustering patterns using spatial autocorrelation.EH indicators were then integrated with ecological sensitivity to delineate ecological function zones using self-organizing feature mapping(SOFM),and path analysis was applied to identify dominant drivers of EH across different zones.Results showed that:1)EH in QX generally improved over time but exhibited pronounced scale dependence and spatial heterogeneity.A stable large-scale gradient of‘higher in the east and lower in the north’was observed across all scales,while temporal variations were more evident at finer scales and became attenuated at coarser scales.2)EH displayed significant positive spatial autocorrelation dominated by‘High-High’and‘Low-Low’associations,although clustering strength declined over time,especially at finer spatial resolutions.3)QX was designated as five ecological function zones,named using a three-part scheme(geographic sectordominant ecosystem type-primary function):North-Alpine desert-Sand fixation zone(ZoneⅠ),West-Alpine desert steppe-Ecological fragile zone(ZoneⅡ),Southwest-Alpine steppe and meadow-Water sensitive zone(ZoneⅢ),East-Alpine meadow-Water yield zone(ZoneⅣ),and Southeast-Tropical seasonal rainforest-Ecosystem services provisioning zone(ZoneⅤ).4)At the raster scale of the entire study area,temperature and proportion of forestland area were the most influential factors associated with EH,while NDVI and the proportion of grassland area played relatively smaller roles.Across zones,the dominant drivers of EH differed,reflecting clear spatial heterogeneity in ecosystem regulation mechanisms.These findings demonstrate the value of integrating EH assessment into EFZ and provide scientific support for differentiated ecosystem management and conservation strategies in QX.
