The structural change in phase transition of hybrid(Cl2H25NH3)2MnCl4 was investigated.The temperature and the structures of the phase transition is investigated by thermal gravimetry(TG)and differential scanning calor...The structural change in phase transition of hybrid(Cl2H25NH3)2MnCl4 was investigated.The temperature and the structures of the phase transition is investigated by thermal gravimetry(TG)and differential scanning calorimetry(DSC),infrared spectrum(IR)and X-ray diffraction(XRD).The results suggest that the phase transition is reversible and the structural change arises from the conformation change of the organic chain.The interlayer distance increases when the hybrid transforms from low temperature phase to high temperature phase.This is explained by the diffusion of gauche-bond along the organic chains and they move away from each other when the phase transition occurs.Combining the experimental data with theoretical calculation,we propose that organic chain of the hybrid in high temperature phase is the conformation of gauche-bond alternating with trans bond(noted as GTG'TGTG'TGTG'T).展开更多
The dominant magnetic minerals and carriers of magnetic signals within the Chinese Loess Plateau are magnetite, maghemite, hematite, and goethite. In this study, we investigated the provenance and evo- lution of magne...The dominant magnetic minerals and carriers of magnetic signals within the Chinese Loess Plateau are magnetite, maghemite, hematite, and goethite. In this study, we investigated the provenance and evo- lution of magnetic minerals during loess pedogenesis, using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and optical and electron microscopy, including field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and high- resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). Our results reveal that single- and multiphase mineral assemblages among magnetic minerals in the loess-paleosol sequence have been formed. Partial oxidation of coarse eolian magnetite has occurred in the desert source area and the oxidation degree is enhanced after deposition of the dust upon the Chinese Loess Plateau. This mode of origin resulted in a microtexture consisting of an inner magnetite core surrounded by a hematite rim, and strongly affected the magnetic characteristics of the loess. Goethite coexists with hematite in the loess and paleosol, and nanometer-scale hematite is formed upon goethite rims via dehydration. Our study provides direct mineralogical evidence of the magnetic record and paleoclimatic implications of the loess–paleosol sequence of the Chinese Loess Plateau.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.NSFC90206047)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(No.2006ABA306)
文摘The structural change in phase transition of hybrid(Cl2H25NH3)2MnCl4 was investigated.The temperature and the structures of the phase transition is investigated by thermal gravimetry(TG)and differential scanning calorimetry(DSC),infrared spectrum(IR)and X-ray diffraction(XRD).The results suggest that the phase transition is reversible and the structural change arises from the conformation change of the organic chain.The interlayer distance increases when the hybrid transforms from low temperature phase to high temperature phase.This is explained by the diffusion of gauche-bond along the organic chains and they move away from each other when the phase transition occurs.Combining the experimental data with theoretical calculation,we propose that organic chain of the hybrid in high temperature phase is the conformation of gauche-bond alternating with trans bond(noted as GTG'TGTG'TGTG'T).
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 40772032 and 40573054)National Basic Research Program (Grant No. 2007CB815603)
文摘The dominant magnetic minerals and carriers of magnetic signals within the Chinese Loess Plateau are magnetite, maghemite, hematite, and goethite. In this study, we investigated the provenance and evo- lution of magnetic minerals during loess pedogenesis, using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and optical and electron microscopy, including field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and high- resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). Our results reveal that single- and multiphase mineral assemblages among magnetic minerals in the loess-paleosol sequence have been formed. Partial oxidation of coarse eolian magnetite has occurred in the desert source area and the oxidation degree is enhanced after deposition of the dust upon the Chinese Loess Plateau. This mode of origin resulted in a microtexture consisting of an inner magnetite core surrounded by a hematite rim, and strongly affected the magnetic characteristics of the loess. Goethite coexists with hematite in the loess and paleosol, and nanometer-scale hematite is formed upon goethite rims via dehydration. Our study provides direct mineralogical evidence of the magnetic record and paleoclimatic implications of the loess–paleosol sequence of the Chinese Loess Plateau.
