The objective of this study was to verify the supposition that efflux might be involved in the drug resistance of Riemerella anatipestifer isolates. Two broad-spectrum effiux pump inhibitors, carbonyl cyanide 3-chloro...The objective of this study was to verify the supposition that efflux might be involved in the drug resistance of Riemerella anatipestifer isolates. Two broad-spectrum effiux pump inhibitors, carbonyl cyanide 3-chlorophenylhydrazone （CCCP） and Phe-Arg-β-naphthylamide （PAL3N）, on the contribution of minimum inhibitory concentrations of amikacin, streptomycin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, ceftdaxone, ceftazidime, nalidixic acid, levofloxacin, enrofloxacin, as well as ciprofloxacin against 69 clinical R. anatipestifer isolates were investigated. We first reported that the two efflux pump inhibitors could restore the antimicrobial susceptibility of R. anatipestiferisolates. It is suggested that active efflux system is possible to be linked with the development of resistance in R. anatipestifer isolates.展开更多
A small armed dinoflagellate bloomed in the aquaculture ponds off the coast of Liaodong Bay, Bohai Sea of China, resulting in heavy mortalities of the cultured prawns （Penaeusjaponicus） and larvae of Chinese mitten ...A small armed dinoflagellate bloomed in the aquaculture ponds off the coast of Liaodong Bay, Bohai Sea of China, resulting in heavy mortalities of the cultured prawns （Penaeusjaponicus） and larvae of Chinese mitten handed crabs （Eriocheir sinensis）. The bloom-forming species was successfully isolated, and cellular morphology of the specimen was consequently investigated through light, fluorescent and electron microscopy. The small （（14.4±1.6） μm in length） ellipsoid cells show typical Heterocapsa thecal plate arrangement （Po, cp, 5′, 3a, 7″, 6c, 5s, 5′″, 2″″）. The episome is evidently bigger than the hyposome. One to three spherical pyrenoids are located above or beside the large elongated nucleus. The body scale is characterized by a triangle basal plate with one central upright and nine peripheral spines. Above all, Heterocapsa bohaiensis could be distinguished from other Heterocapsa species by the combination of the cell size, morphology, cellular structure and body scale. Sequence analyses of both ITS and LSU regions reveal the significant genetic divergence between H. bohaiensis and other established species in this genus, further supporting novelty of this species. Noticeably, different sample treatment methods resulted in morphological variation of the apical pore complex （APC） of H. bohaiensis, which needs to be taken into account in future study.展开更多
“双碳”目标视域下,探究企业ESG(Environmental、Social and Governance)行为对碳排放的作用机理具有重要意义。考虑ESG行为存在表面上顺应迎合而实质上“言行不一”,构建了划分ESG行为类别的动态随机一般均衡(DSGE)模型,研究实质性ES...“双碳”目标视域下,探究企业ESG(Environmental、Social and Governance)行为对碳排放的作用机理具有重要意义。考虑ESG行为存在表面上顺应迎合而实质上“言行不一”,构建了划分ESG行为类别的动态随机一般均衡(DSGE)模型,研究实质性ESG行为与策略性ESG行为对碳排放等宏观经济因素的动态传导机制。研究发现:相比难以实现碳减排的策略性ESG行为,企业采取实质性ESG行为能够显著降低碳排放量且对宏观经济有正向影响,推动经济向低碳绿色转型,实现减排与经济发展的“共赢”。企业实质性ESG行为对碳减排与经济增长的影响机制为:(1)内部资本投入机制:企业采取实质性ESG行为对碳减排技术研发投入形成溢出效应,且实质性ESG行为激励企业将生产要素投入由高碳产品转移到低碳产品,以实现“增低碳降高碳”,达到碳减排与经济增长的协调统一;(2)外部政策激励机制:企业采取实质性ESG行为可获得更多的政府碳减排补贴,促使企业增加低碳产出投入,实现外部政策激励与内部低碳转型的协同效应;(3)金融机构信贷优惠机制:企业采取实质性ESG行为能够激发金融机构对其实行差异化信贷优惠利率,增加企业碳减排技术的研发投入,推动绿色金融与绿色技术的协同发展。研究为辨识ESG行为类别推动企业低碳转型发展提供理论依据与政策启示。展开更多
基金supported by the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University of Ministry of Education of China (IRT13063)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31072169)
文摘The objective of this study was to verify the supposition that efflux might be involved in the drug resistance of Riemerella anatipestifer isolates. Two broad-spectrum effiux pump inhibitors, carbonyl cyanide 3-chlorophenylhydrazone （CCCP） and Phe-Arg-β-naphthylamide （PAL3N）, on the contribution of minimum inhibitory concentrations of amikacin, streptomycin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, ceftdaxone, ceftazidime, nalidixic acid, levofloxacin, enrofloxacin, as well as ciprofloxacin against 69 clinical R. anatipestifer isolates were investigated. We first reported that the two efflux pump inhibitors could restore the antimicrobial susceptibility of R. anatipestiferisolates. It is suggested that active efflux system is possible to be linked with the development of resistance in R. anatipestifer isolates.
基金The NSFC-Shandong Joint Funded Project under contract No.U1406403the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 41506191 and 41306171
文摘A small armed dinoflagellate bloomed in the aquaculture ponds off the coast of Liaodong Bay, Bohai Sea of China, resulting in heavy mortalities of the cultured prawns （Penaeusjaponicus） and larvae of Chinese mitten handed crabs （Eriocheir sinensis）. The bloom-forming species was successfully isolated, and cellular morphology of the specimen was consequently investigated through light, fluorescent and electron microscopy. The small （（14.4±1.6） μm in length） ellipsoid cells show typical Heterocapsa thecal plate arrangement （Po, cp, 5′, 3a, 7″, 6c, 5s, 5′″, 2″″）. The episome is evidently bigger than the hyposome. One to three spherical pyrenoids are located above or beside the large elongated nucleus. The body scale is characterized by a triangle basal plate with one central upright and nine peripheral spines. Above all, Heterocapsa bohaiensis could be distinguished from other Heterocapsa species by the combination of the cell size, morphology, cellular structure and body scale. Sequence analyses of both ITS and LSU regions reveal the significant genetic divergence between H. bohaiensis and other established species in this genus, further supporting novelty of this species. Noticeably, different sample treatment methods resulted in morphological variation of the apical pore complex （APC） of H. bohaiensis, which needs to be taken into account in future study.
文摘“双碳”目标视域下,探究企业ESG(Environmental、Social and Governance)行为对碳排放的作用机理具有重要意义。考虑ESG行为存在表面上顺应迎合而实质上“言行不一”,构建了划分ESG行为类别的动态随机一般均衡(DSGE)模型,研究实质性ESG行为与策略性ESG行为对碳排放等宏观经济因素的动态传导机制。研究发现:相比难以实现碳减排的策略性ESG行为,企业采取实质性ESG行为能够显著降低碳排放量且对宏观经济有正向影响,推动经济向低碳绿色转型,实现减排与经济发展的“共赢”。企业实质性ESG行为对碳减排与经济增长的影响机制为:(1)内部资本投入机制:企业采取实质性ESG行为对碳减排技术研发投入形成溢出效应,且实质性ESG行为激励企业将生产要素投入由高碳产品转移到低碳产品,以实现“增低碳降高碳”,达到碳减排与经济增长的协调统一;(2)外部政策激励机制:企业采取实质性ESG行为可获得更多的政府碳减排补贴,促使企业增加低碳产出投入,实现外部政策激励与内部低碳转型的协同效应;(3)金融机构信贷优惠机制:企业采取实质性ESG行为能够激发金融机构对其实行差异化信贷优惠利率,增加企业碳减排技术的研发投入,推动绿色金融与绿色技术的协同发展。研究为辨识ESG行为类别推动企业低碳转型发展提供理论依据与政策启示。
