In the past few decades,numerous high-performance silicon(Si)photonic devices have been demonstrated.Si,as a photonic platform,has received renewed interest in recent years.Efficient Si-basedⅢ–Ⅴquantum-dot(QDs)lase...In the past few decades,numerous high-performance silicon(Si)photonic devices have been demonstrated.Si,as a photonic platform,has received renewed interest in recent years.Efficient Si-basedⅢ–Ⅴquantum-dot(QDs)lasers have long been a goal for semiconductor scientists because of the incomparable optical properties of Ⅲ–Ⅴcompounds.Although the material dissimilarity betweenⅢ–Ⅴmaterial and Si hindered the development of monolithic integrations for over 30 years,considerable breakthroughs happened in the 2000s.In this paper,we review recent progress in the epitaxial growth of various Ⅲ–ⅤQD lasers on both offcut Si substrate and on-axis Si(001)substrate.In addition,the fundamental challenges in monolithic growth will be explained together with the superior characteristics of QDs.展开更多
As one of the low-cost energy storage systems,Na-ion batteries(NIBs)have received tremendous attention.However,the performance of current anode materials still cannot meet the requirements of NIBs.In our work,we obtai...As one of the low-cost energy storage systems,Na-ion batteries(NIBs)have received tremendous attention.However,the performance of current anode materials still cannot meet the requirements of NIBs.In our work,we obtain sulfur-doped interconnected carbon microspheres(S-CSs)via a simple hydrothermal method and subsequent sulfurizing treatment.Our S-CSs exhibit an ultrahigh reversible capacity of 520 mAh g^(-1) at 100 mA g^(-1) after 50 cycles and an excellent rate capability of 257 mAh g^(-1),even at a high current density of 2 A g^(-1).The density functional theory calculations demonstrate that sulfur doping in carbon favors the adsorption of Na atom during the sodiation process,which is accountable for the performance enhancement.Furthermore,we also utilize operando Raman spectroscopy to analyze the electrochemical reaction of our S-CSs,which further highlights the sulfur doping in improving Na-ion storage performance.展开更多
Catalytic carbon dioxide(CO_(2))desorption has emerged as a promising approach to enhance the efficiency of CO_(2)capture while minimizing energy demands,crucial for advancing chemical absorption methods.This study in...Catalytic carbon dioxide(CO_(2))desorption has emerged as a promising approach to enhance the efficiency of CO_(2)capture while minimizing energy demands,crucial for advancing chemical absorption methods.This study investigates the catalytic potential of three metal phosphates(aluminium phosphate(AlPO4),cobaltous phosphate(Co_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)),and zinc phosphate(Zn_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)))in improving the MEA(monoethanolamine)-based CO_(2)absorption-desorption performance.Among the catalysts tested,AlPO_(4)demonstrated superior performance,enhancing CO_(2)absorption capacity by 4.2%to 9.3%and desorption capacity by 12.3%to 22.7%across five cycles.Notably,AlPO_(4)increased the CO_(2)desorption rate by over 104.4%at a desorption temperature of 81.3℃,simultaneously reducing the required sensible heat by 12.3%to 22.7%,compared to processes without catalysts.The improved efficiency is attributed to AlPO_(4)'s ability to effectively transfer hydrogen protons from protonated MEA to carbamate,thereby facilitating the decomposition of carbamate and regenerating CO_(2).This research introduces a viable,cost-effective,and eco-friendly solid acid catalyst strategy for CO_(2)desorption,contributing to the development of more energy-efficient CO_(2)capture technologies.展开更多
Objectives:Low back and pelvic girdle pain(LBPGP)is common during pregnancy.Acupuncture is an effective and safe therapy for pain relief.However,further evidence is required to confirm the efficacy and safety of acupu...Objectives:Low back and pelvic girdle pain(LBPGP)is common during pregnancy.Acupuncture is an effective and safe therapy for pain relief.However,further evidence is required to confirm the efficacy and safety of acupuncture in treating LBPGP during pregnancy.This study aimed to systematically review and investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of acupuncture for the treatment of pregnancy-related LBPGP.Methods:The PubMed,EMBASE,Cochrane Library,CNKI,VIP,and WanFang databases were searched from January 2000 to August 2023.Only the randomized controlled trials(RCTs)involving pregnant women between 16 and 34 weeks of gestation diagnosed with LBPGP were included in the study.A meta-analysis was conducted and pooled risk ratios(RRs)or mean differences(MDs)with 95%confidence intervals(CIs)were compared.Results:Meta-analysis included 12 RCTs involving 1,641 participants.Eleven trials compared acupuncture alone or acupuncture combined with standard care(SC),of which three trials also used non-penetrating or placebo acupuncture as the control group.One trial compared acupuncture alone with non-penetrating acupuncture.Compared with SC,acupuncture combined with SC group significantly decreased visual analog scale score(mean difference(MD)=−2.83,95%CI=−3.41 to−2.26,P<0.00001),cesarean section rate(RR=0.69,95%CI=0.49–0.97,P=0.03),preterm birth rate(RR=0.42,95%CI=0.27–0.65,P<0.0001),labor duration(MD=−1.97,95%CI=−2.73 to−1.20,P<0.0001),and Oswestry disability index score(MD=−9.14,95%CI=−15.68 to−2.42,P=0.008).In addition,acupuncture combined with SC significantly improved 12-Items Short Form Health Survey of physical component summaries(SF12-PCS).No significant differences were observed in the spontaneous delivery rate,newborn weight,drowsiness,and 12-Items Short Form Health Survey of mental component summaries(SF12-MCS)between the two groups.Adverse events such as needle pain and needle bleeding were aggravated in both the SC and acupuncture treatment groups but none were associated with acupuncture during or after the treatment period.Conclusions:Meta-analysis showed that acupuncture combined with SC had better efficacy than SC alone and could be a potential therapy for LBPGP during pregnancy.The safety results imply that acupuncture caused few adverse reactions;however,more evidence is required for further confirmation.展开更多
For event analysis,the information from both before and after the event can be crucial in certain scenarios.By incorporating a contextualized perspective in event analysis,analysts can gain deeper insights from the ev...For event analysis,the information from both before and after the event can be crucial in certain scenarios.By incorporating a contextualized perspective in event analysis,analysts can gain deeper insights from the events.We propose a contextualized visual analysis framework which enables the identification and interpretation of temporal patterns within and across multivariate events.The framework consists of a design of visual representation for multivariate event contexts,a data processing workflow to support the visualization,and a context-centered visual analysis system to facilitate the interactive exploration of temporal patterns.To demonstrate the applicability and effectiveness of our framework,we present case studies using real-world datasets from two different domains and an expert study conducted with experienced data analysts.展开更多
The unstable zinc(Zn)interface derived from undesired dendrite growth and parasitic reactions hinders the practical application of rechargeable zinc-ion batteries.Herein,we introduce 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol(PAN)as...The unstable zinc(Zn)interface derived from undesired dendrite growth and parasitic reactions hinders the practical application of rechargeable zinc-ion batteries.Herein,we introduce 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol(PAN)as a parts-per-million(ppm)level electrolyte additive to enhance the interfacial stability of Zn anode.Theoretical and experimental results demonstrate that PAN can parallel adsorb on the Zn surface and form strongπ-πinteractions between PAN molecules,helping to repel water molecules highly efficiently.Moreover,PAN featuring OH,pyridine N and azo N groups can chelate with Zn^(2+)and optimize the diffusion behavior of Zn^(2+),inducing even Zn deposition and suppressing dendrite growth.Remarkably,10 ppm(0.04 mM)PAN additive contributes to a long lifespan of 1500 h in a symmetrical cell at 2 mA cm^(−2) and 1 mAh cm^(−2).Also,the cycle stability of Zn∥NH_(4)V_(4)O_(10) and Zn∥MnO_(2) full cells showcases obvious enhancement.The Zn∥NH_(4)V_(4)O_(10) pouch cell exhibits impressive capacity retention of 71.1%after 250 cycles at a rate of 0.8 A g^(−1).This work provides a promising pathway for selecting high-efficient additives applied in aqueous metal-based batteries.展开更多
The metaverse is a visual world that blends the physical world and digital world.At present,the development of the metaverse is still in the early stage,and there lacks a framework for the visual construction and expl...The metaverse is a visual world that blends the physical world and digital world.At present,the development of the metaverse is still in the early stage,and there lacks a framework for the visual construction and exploration of the metaverse.In this paper,we propose a framework that summarizes how graphics,interaction,and visualization techniques support the visual construction of the metaverse and user-centric exploration.We introduce three kinds of visual elements that compose the metaverse and the two graphical construction methods in a pipeline.We propose a taxonomy of interaction technologies based on interaction tasks,user actions,feedback and various sensory channels,and a taxonomy of visualization techniques that assist user awareness.Current potential applications and future opportunities are discussed in the context of visual construction and exploration of the metaverse.We hope this paper can provide a stepping stone for further research in the area of graphics,interaction and visualization in the metaverse.展开更多
Robust laser sources are a fundamental building block for contemporary information technologies.Originating from condensed-matter physics,the concept of topology has recently entered the realm of optics,offering funda...Robust laser sources are a fundamental building block for contemporary information technologies.Originating from condensed-matter physics,the concept of topology has recently entered the realm of optics,offering fundamentally new design principles for lasers with enhanced robustness.In analogy to the well-known Majorana fermions in topological superconductors,Dirac-vortex states have recently been investigated in passive photonic systems and are now considered as a promising candidate for robust lasers.Here,we experimentally realize the topological Diracvortex microcavity lasers in InAs/InGaAs quantum-dot materials monolithically grown on a silicon substrate.We observe room-temperature continuous-wave linearly polarized vertical laser emission at a telecom wavelength.We confirm that the wavelength of the Dirac-vortex laser is topologically robust against variations in the cavity size,and its free spectral range defies the universal inverse scaling law with the cavity size.These lasers will play an important role in CMOS-compatible photonic and optoelectronic systems on a chip.展开更多
We report low-noise, high-performance single transverse mode 1.3 μm InAs/GaAs quantum dot lasers monolithically grown on silicon(Si) using molecular beam epitaxy. The fabricated narrow-ridge-waveguide Fabry–Perot(FP...We report low-noise, high-performance single transverse mode 1.3 μm InAs/GaAs quantum dot lasers monolithically grown on silicon(Si) using molecular beam epitaxy. The fabricated narrow-ridge-waveguide Fabry–Perot(FP) lasers have achieved a room-temperature continuous-wave(CW) threshold current of 12.5 mA and high CW temperature tolerance up to 90°C. An ultra-low relative intensity noise of less than-150 dB∕Hz is measured in the 4–16 GHz range. Using this low-noise Si-based laser, we then demonstrate 25.6 Gb/s data transmission over13.5 km SMF-28. These low-cost FP laser devices are promising candidates to provide cost-effective solutions for use in uncooled Si photonics transmitters in inter/hyper data centers and metropolitan data links.展开更多
Monolithic integration of Ⅲ-Ⅴ lasers with small footprint, good coherence, and low power consumption based on a CMOS-compatible Si substrate have been known as an efficient route towards high-density optical interco...Monolithic integration of Ⅲ-Ⅴ lasers with small footprint, good coherence, and low power consumption based on a CMOS-compatible Si substrate have been known as an efficient route towards high-density optical interconnects in the photonic integrated circuits. However, the material dissimilarities between Si and Ⅲ-Ⅴ materials limit the performance of monolithic microlasers. Here, under the pumping condition of a continuous-wave 632.8 nm He–Ne gas laser at room temperature, we achieved an InAs/GaAs quantum dot photonic crystal bandedge laser, which is directly grown on an on-axis Si(001) substrate, which provides a feasible route towards a low-cost and large-scale integration method for light sources on the Si platform.展开更多
Semiconductor mode-locked lasers(MLLs)are promising frequency comb sources for dense wavelength-divisionmultiplexing(DWDM)data communications.Practical data communication requires a frequency-stable comb source in a t...Semiconductor mode-locked lasers(MLLs)are promising frequency comb sources for dense wavelength-divisionmultiplexing(DWDM)data communications.Practical data communication requires a frequency-stable comb source in a temperature-varying environment and a minimum tone spacing of 25 GHz to support high-speed DWDM transmissions.To the best of our knowledge,however,to date,there have been no demonstrations of comb sources that simultaneously offer a high repetition rate and stable mode spacing over an ultrawide temperature range.Here,we report a frequency comb source based on a quantum dot(QD)MLL that generates a frequency comb with stable mode spacing over an ultrabroad temperature range of 20–120℃.The two-section passively mode-locked In As QD MLL comb source produces an ultra-stable fundamental repetition rate of 25.5 GHz(corresponding to a 25.5 GHz spacing between adjacent tones in the frequency domain)with a variation of 0.07 GHz in the tone spacing over the tested temperature range.By keeping the saturable absorber reversely biased at-2 V,stable mode-locking over the whole temperature range can be achieved by tuning the current of the gain section only,providing easy control of the device.At an elevated temperature of 100℃,the device shows a 6 d B comb bandwidth of 4.81 nm and 31 tones with>36 d B optical signal-to-noise ratio.The corresponding relative intensity noise,averaged between 0.5 GHz and 10 GHz,is-146 d Bc∕Hz.Our results show the viability of the In As QD MLLs as ultra-stable,uncooled frequency comb sources for low-cost,large-bandwidth,and low-energy-consumption optical data communications.展开更多
Focused beam reflectance measurement(FBRM)and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance(13C NMR)analysis were used to study the precipitation process of CO2-loaded potassium glycinate(KGLY)solutions at different CO2 loadings,dur...Focused beam reflectance measurement(FBRM)and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance(13C NMR)analysis were used to study the precipitation process of CO2-loaded potassium glycinate(KGLY)solutions at different CO2 loadings,during the addition of ethanol as an antisolvent at a rate of 10 mL·min−1.The volume ratio of ethanol added to the KGLY solution(3.0 mol·L−1,340 mL)ranged from 0 to 3.0.Three solid-liquid-liquid phases were formed during the precipitation process.The FBRM results showed that the number of particles formed increased with CO2 loading and ethanol addition for CO2-unsaturated KGLY solutions,whilst for CO2-saturated KGLY solution it first increased then decreased to a stable value with ethanol addition.13C NMR spectroscopic analysis showed that the crystals precipitated from the CO2-unsaturated KGLY solutions consisted of glycine only,and the quantity crystallised increased with CO2 loading and ethanol addition.However,a complex mixture containing glycine,carbamate and potassium bicarbonate was precipitated from CO2-saturated KGLY solution with the maximum precipitation percentages of 94.3%,31.4%and 89.6%,respectively,at the ethanol volume fractions of 1.6,2.5 and 2.3.展开更多
We propose an approach to underpin interactive visual exploration of large data volumes by training Learned Visualization Index(LVI).Knowing in advance the data,the aggregation functions that are used for visualizatio...We propose an approach to underpin interactive visual exploration of large data volumes by training Learned Visualization Index(LVI).Knowing in advance the data,the aggregation functions that are used for visualization,the visual encoding,and available interactive operations for data selection,LVI allows to avoid time-consuming data retrieval and processing of raw data in response to user’s interactions.Instead,LVI directly predicts aggregates of interest for the user’s data selection.We demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed approach in application to two use cases of spatio-temporal data at different scales.展开更多
How to explore fine-grained but meaningful information from the massive amount of social media data is critical but challenging.To address this challenge,we propose the TopicBubbler,a visual analytics system that supp...How to explore fine-grained but meaningful information from the massive amount of social media data is critical but challenging.To address this challenge,we propose the TopicBubbler,a visual analytics system that supports the cross-level fine-grained exploration of social media data.To achieve the goal of cross-level fine-grained exploration,we propose a new workflow.Under the procedure of the workflow,we construct the fine-grained exploration view through the design of bubble-based word clouds.Each bubble contains two rings that can display information through different levels,and recommends six keywords computed by different algorithms.The view supports users collecting information at different levels and to perform fine-grained selection and exploration across different levels based on keyword recommendations.To enable the users to explore the temporal information and the hierarchical structure,we also construct the Temporal View and Hierarchical View,which satisfy users to view the cross-level dynamic trends and the overview hierarchical structure.In addition,we use the storyline metaphor to enable users to consolidate the fragmented information extracted across levels and topics and ultimately present it as a complete story.Case studies from real-world data confirm the capability of the TopicBubbler from different perspectives,including event mining across levels and topics,and fine-grained mining of specific topics to capture events hidden beneath the surface.展开更多
The widespread use of numerical simulations in different scientific domains provides a variety of research opportunities.They often output a great deal of spatio-temporal simulation data,which are traditionally charac...The widespread use of numerical simulations in different scientific domains provides a variety of research opportunities.They often output a great deal of spatio-temporal simulation data,which are traditionally characterized as single-run,multi-run,multi-variate,multi-modal and multi-dimensional.From the perspective of data exploration and analysis,we noticed that many works focusing on spatiotemporal simulation data often share similar exploration techniques,for example,the exploration schemes designed in simulation space,parameter space,feature space and combinations of them.However,it lacks a survey to have a systematic overview of the essential commonalities shared by those works.In this survey,we take a novel multi-space perspective to categorize the state-ofthe-art works into three major categories.Specifically,the works are characterized as using similar techniques such as visual designs in simulation space(e.g,visual mapping,boxplot-based visual summarization,etc.),parameter space analysis(e.g,visual steering,parameter space projection,etc.)and data processing in feature space(e.g,feature definition and extraction,sampling,reduction and clustering of simulation data,etc.).展开更多
基金financial support from the UK EPSRC under grant No. EP/P006973/1the EPSRC National Epitaxy Facility European project H2020-ICT-PICTURE (780930)+2 种基金the Royal Academy of Engineering (RF201617/16/28)Investissments d’avenir (IRT Nanoelec: ANR-10-IRT-05 and Need for IoT: ANR-15-IDEX-02)the Chinese Scholarship Council for funding
文摘In the past few decades,numerous high-performance silicon(Si)photonic devices have been demonstrated.Si,as a photonic platform,has received renewed interest in recent years.Efficient Si-basedⅢ–Ⅴquantum-dot(QDs)lasers have long been a goal for semiconductor scientists because of the incomparable optical properties of Ⅲ–Ⅴcompounds.Although the material dissimilarity betweenⅢ–Ⅴmaterial and Si hindered the development of monolithic integrations for over 30 years,considerable breakthroughs happened in the 2000s.In this paper,we review recent progress in the epitaxial growth of various Ⅲ–ⅤQD lasers on both offcut Si substrate and on-axis Si(001)substrate.In addition,the fundamental challenges in monolithic growth will be explained together with the superior characteristics of QDs.
基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Grant/Award Number:21617330National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:21703081,51702056,51772135Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China,Grant/Award Number:6141A02022516。
文摘As one of the low-cost energy storage systems,Na-ion batteries(NIBs)have received tremendous attention.However,the performance of current anode materials still cannot meet the requirements of NIBs.In our work,we obtain sulfur-doped interconnected carbon microspheres(S-CSs)via a simple hydrothermal method and subsequent sulfurizing treatment.Our S-CSs exhibit an ultrahigh reversible capacity of 520 mAh g^(-1) at 100 mA g^(-1) after 50 cycles and an excellent rate capability of 257 mAh g^(-1),even at a high current density of 2 A g^(-1).The density functional theory calculations demonstrate that sulfur doping in carbon favors the adsorption of Na atom during the sodiation process,which is accountable for the performance enhancement.Furthermore,we also utilize operando Raman spectroscopy to analyze the electrochemical reaction of our S-CSs,which further highlights the sulfur doping in improving Na-ion storage performance.
基金supports from the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2023M743768)National Natural Science Foundation of China(52006112)Xuzhou Bureau of Science and Technology(KC23293).
文摘Catalytic carbon dioxide(CO_(2))desorption has emerged as a promising approach to enhance the efficiency of CO_(2)capture while minimizing energy demands,crucial for advancing chemical absorption methods.This study investigates the catalytic potential of three metal phosphates(aluminium phosphate(AlPO4),cobaltous phosphate(Co_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)),and zinc phosphate(Zn_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)))in improving the MEA(monoethanolamine)-based CO_(2)absorption-desorption performance.Among the catalysts tested,AlPO_(4)demonstrated superior performance,enhancing CO_(2)absorption capacity by 4.2%to 9.3%and desorption capacity by 12.3%to 22.7%across five cycles.Notably,AlPO_(4)increased the CO_(2)desorption rate by over 104.4%at a desorption temperature of 81.3℃,simultaneously reducing the required sensible heat by 12.3%to 22.7%,compared to processes without catalysts.The improved efficiency is attributed to AlPO_(4)'s ability to effectively transfer hydrogen protons from protonated MEA to carbamate,thereby facilitating the decomposition of carbamate and regenerating CO_(2).This research introduces a viable,cost-effective,and eco-friendly solid acid catalyst strategy for CO_(2)desorption,contributing to the development of more energy-efficient CO_(2)capture technologies.
基金supported by grants“Pioneer”and“Leading Goose”R&D Program of Zhejiang(2023C03004,2024C03106)Zhejiang Province Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Project(GZY-ZJ-KJ-24076)+1 种基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFC3504600)Transverse Research Project of Zhejiang University(2023-KYY-A07035-0007).
文摘Objectives:Low back and pelvic girdle pain(LBPGP)is common during pregnancy.Acupuncture is an effective and safe therapy for pain relief.However,further evidence is required to confirm the efficacy and safety of acupuncture in treating LBPGP during pregnancy.This study aimed to systematically review and investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of acupuncture for the treatment of pregnancy-related LBPGP.Methods:The PubMed,EMBASE,Cochrane Library,CNKI,VIP,and WanFang databases were searched from January 2000 to August 2023.Only the randomized controlled trials(RCTs)involving pregnant women between 16 and 34 weeks of gestation diagnosed with LBPGP were included in the study.A meta-analysis was conducted and pooled risk ratios(RRs)or mean differences(MDs)with 95%confidence intervals(CIs)were compared.Results:Meta-analysis included 12 RCTs involving 1,641 participants.Eleven trials compared acupuncture alone or acupuncture combined with standard care(SC),of which three trials also used non-penetrating or placebo acupuncture as the control group.One trial compared acupuncture alone with non-penetrating acupuncture.Compared with SC,acupuncture combined with SC group significantly decreased visual analog scale score(mean difference(MD)=−2.83,95%CI=−3.41 to−2.26,P<0.00001),cesarean section rate(RR=0.69,95%CI=0.49–0.97,P=0.03),preterm birth rate(RR=0.42,95%CI=0.27–0.65,P<0.0001),labor duration(MD=−1.97,95%CI=−2.73 to−1.20,P<0.0001),and Oswestry disability index score(MD=−9.14,95%CI=−15.68 to−2.42,P=0.008).In addition,acupuncture combined with SC significantly improved 12-Items Short Form Health Survey of physical component summaries(SF12-PCS).No significant differences were observed in the spontaneous delivery rate,newborn weight,drowsiness,and 12-Items Short Form Health Survey of mental component summaries(SF12-MCS)between the two groups.Adverse events such as needle pain and needle bleeding were aggravated in both the SC and acupuncture treatment groups but none were associated with acupuncture during or after the treatment period.Conclusions:Meta-analysis showed that acupuncture combined with SC had better efficacy than SC alone and could be a potential therapy for LBPGP during pregnancy.The safety results imply that acupuncture caused few adverse reactions;however,more evidence is required for further confirmation.
基金supported by Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC No.62472099 and No.62202105)Federal Ministry of Education and Research of Germany and the state of North-Rhine Westphalia as part of the Lamarr Institute for Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence(Lamarr22B)by EU in project CrexData(grant agreement No.101092749).
文摘For event analysis,the information from both before and after the event can be crucial in certain scenarios.By incorporating a contextualized perspective in event analysis,analysts can gain deeper insights from the events.We propose a contextualized visual analysis framework which enables the identification and interpretation of temporal patterns within and across multivariate events.The framework consists of a design of visual representation for multivariate event contexts,a data processing workflow to support the visualization,and a context-centered visual analysis system to facilitate the interactive exploration of temporal patterns.To demonstrate the applicability and effectiveness of our framework,we present case studies using real-world datasets from two different domains and an expert study conducted with experienced data analysts.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22479043)the Major Program of the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(2021JC0006,2025JJ30005)the Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation(20242BAB20120)。
文摘The unstable zinc(Zn)interface derived from undesired dendrite growth and parasitic reactions hinders the practical application of rechargeable zinc-ion batteries.Herein,we introduce 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol(PAN)as a parts-per-million(ppm)level electrolyte additive to enhance the interfacial stability of Zn anode.Theoretical and experimental results demonstrate that PAN can parallel adsorb on the Zn surface and form strongπ-πinteractions between PAN molecules,helping to repel water molecules highly efficiently.Moreover,PAN featuring OH,pyridine N and azo N groups can chelate with Zn^(2+)and optimize the diffusion behavior of Zn^(2+),inducing even Zn deposition and suppressing dendrite growth.Remarkably,10 ppm(0.04 mM)PAN additive contributes to a long lifespan of 1500 h in a symmetrical cell at 2 mA cm^(−2) and 1 mAh cm^(−2).Also,the cycle stability of Zn∥NH_(4)V_(4)O_(10) and Zn∥MnO_(2) full cells showcases obvious enhancement.The Zn∥NH_(4)V_(4)O_(10) pouch cell exhibits impressive capacity retention of 71.1%after 250 cycles at a rate of 0.8 A g^(−1).This work provides a promising pathway for selecting high-efficient additives applied in aqueous metal-based batteries.
基金Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project(No.2018SHZDZX01,2021SHZDZX0103)and ZJLab.This work is also supported by Shanghai Sailing Program No.21YF1402900,Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(Grant No.21ZR1403300)+1 种基金by Open Research Fund of Beijing Key Laboratory of Big Data Technology for Food Safety(Project No.BTBD-2021KF03)Beijing Technology and Business University and NSFC No.61972010.
文摘The metaverse is a visual world that blends the physical world and digital world.At present,the development of the metaverse is still in the early stage,and there lacks a framework for the visual construction and exploration of the metaverse.In this paper,we propose a framework that summarizes how graphics,interaction,and visualization techniques support the visual construction of the metaverse and user-centric exploration.We introduce three kinds of visual elements that compose the metaverse and the two graphical construction methods in a pipeline.We propose a taxonomy of interaction technologies based on interaction tasks,user actions,feedback and various sensory channels,and a taxonomy of visualization techniques that assist user awareness.Current potential applications and future opportunities are discussed in the context of visual construction and exploration of the metaverse.We hope this paper can provide a stepping stone for further research in the area of graphics,interaction and visualization in the metaverse.
基金This work was supported by the Research Grants Council of Hong Kong(14209519,C4050-21E)The Chinese University of Hong Kong(Group Research Scheme),National Natural Science Foundation of China(62174144)+4 种基金Shenzhen Fundamental Research Fund(JCYJ20210324115605016,JCYJ20210324120204011)Shenzhen Key Laboratory Project(ZDSYS201603311644527),Optical Communication Core Chip Research Platform,UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council(EP/P006973/1,EP/T01394X/1,EP/T028475/1)National Epitaxy Facility,European project H2020-ICT-PICTURE(780930)Royal Academy of Engineering(RF201617/16/28)French National Research Agency under the Investissements d’avenir ANR-10-IRT-05 and ANR-15-IDEX-02 and French RENATECH network.The devices were partially fabricated in the Core Research Facilities at Southern University of Science and Technology,whose engineers provided technical support.
文摘Robust laser sources are a fundamental building block for contemporary information technologies.Originating from condensed-matter physics,the concept of topology has recently entered the realm of optics,offering fundamentally new design principles for lasers with enhanced robustness.In analogy to the well-known Majorana fermions in topological superconductors,Dirac-vortex states have recently been investigated in passive photonic systems and are now considered as a promising candidate for robust lasers.Here,we experimentally realize the topological Diracvortex microcavity lasers in InAs/InGaAs quantum-dot materials monolithically grown on a silicon substrate.We observe room-temperature continuous-wave linearly polarized vertical laser emission at a telecom wavelength.We confirm that the wavelength of the Dirac-vortex laser is topologically robust against variations in the cavity size,and its free spectral range defies the universal inverse scaling law with the cavity size.These lasers will play an important role in CMOS-compatible photonic and optoelectronic systems on a chip.
基金Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council(EPSRC)(EP/P006973/1)Royal Academy of Engineering(RF201617/16/28)Chinese Scholarship Council
文摘We report low-noise, high-performance single transverse mode 1.3 μm InAs/GaAs quantum dot lasers monolithically grown on silicon(Si) using molecular beam epitaxy. The fabricated narrow-ridge-waveguide Fabry–Perot(FP) lasers have achieved a room-temperature continuous-wave(CW) threshold current of 12.5 mA and high CW temperature tolerance up to 90°C. An ultra-low relative intensity noise of less than-150 dB∕Hz is measured in the 4–16 GHz range. Using this low-noise Si-based laser, we then demonstrate 25.6 Gb/s data transmission over13.5 km SMF-28. These low-cost FP laser devices are promising candidates to provide cost-effective solutions for use in uncooled Si photonics transmitters in inter/hyper data centers and metropolitan data links.
基金This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62174144)Shenzhen Fundamental Research Fund(Nos.JCYJ20210324115605016 and JCYJ20210324120204011)+7 种基金Optical Communication Core Chip Research Platform,Shenzhen Key Laboratory Project(No.ZDSYS201603311644527)Longgang Key Laboratory Project(Nos.ZSYS2017003 and LGKCZSYS2018000015)Longgang Matching Support Fund(Nos.CXPTPT-2017-YJ-002 and 201617486)President's Fund(PF01000154)UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council(EP/P006973/1 and National Epitaxy Facility)European project H2020-ICT-PICTURE(780930)Royal Academy of Engineering(RF201617/16/28)French government managed by ANR under the Investissements davenir ANR-10-IRT-05 and ANR-15-IDEX-02 and French RENATECH network.
文摘Monolithic integration of Ⅲ-Ⅴ lasers with small footprint, good coherence, and low power consumption based on a CMOS-compatible Si substrate have been known as an efficient route towards high-density optical interconnects in the photonic integrated circuits. However, the material dissimilarities between Si and Ⅲ-Ⅴ materials limit the performance of monolithic microlasers. Here, under the pumping condition of a continuous-wave 632.8 nm He–Ne gas laser at room temperature, we achieved an InAs/GaAs quantum dot photonic crystal bandedge laser, which is directly grown on an on-axis Si(001) substrate, which provides a feasible route towards a low-cost and large-scale integration method for light sources on the Si platform.
基金Royal Academy of Engineering(RF201617/16/28)Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council(EP/R041792/1,EP/T01394X/1)。
文摘Semiconductor mode-locked lasers(MLLs)are promising frequency comb sources for dense wavelength-divisionmultiplexing(DWDM)data communications.Practical data communication requires a frequency-stable comb source in a temperature-varying environment and a minimum tone spacing of 25 GHz to support high-speed DWDM transmissions.To the best of our knowledge,however,to date,there have been no demonstrations of comb sources that simultaneously offer a high repetition rate and stable mode spacing over an ultrawide temperature range.Here,we report a frequency comb source based on a quantum dot(QD)MLL that generates a frequency comb with stable mode spacing over an ultrabroad temperature range of 20–120℃.The two-section passively mode-locked In As QD MLL comb source produces an ultra-stable fundamental repetition rate of 25.5 GHz(corresponding to a 25.5 GHz spacing between adjacent tones in the frequency domain)with a variation of 0.07 GHz in the tone spacing over the tested temperature range.By keeping the saturable absorber reversely biased at-2 V,stable mode-locking over the whole temperature range can be achieved by tuning the current of the gain section only,providing easy control of the device.At an elevated temperature of 100℃,the device shows a 6 d B comb bandwidth of 4.81 nm and 31 tones with>36 d B optical signal-to-noise ratio.The corresponding relative intensity noise,averaged between 0.5 GHz and 10 GHz,is-146 d Bc∕Hz.Our results show the viability of the In As QD MLLs as ultra-stable,uncooled frequency comb sources for low-cost,large-bandwidth,and low-energy-consumption optical data communications.
基金The authors acknowledge the infrastructure support from the Particulate Fluids Processing Centre(PFPC),the Peter Cook Centre(FCC)for Carbon Capture and Storage(CCS).
文摘Focused beam reflectance measurement(FBRM)and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance(13C NMR)analysis were used to study the precipitation process of CO2-loaded potassium glycinate(KGLY)solutions at different CO2 loadings,during the addition of ethanol as an antisolvent at a rate of 10 mL·min−1.The volume ratio of ethanol added to the KGLY solution(3.0 mol·L−1,340 mL)ranged from 0 to 3.0.Three solid-liquid-liquid phases were formed during the precipitation process.The FBRM results showed that the number of particles formed increased with CO2 loading and ethanol addition for CO2-unsaturated KGLY solutions,whilst for CO2-saturated KGLY solution it first increased then decreased to a stable value with ethanol addition.13C NMR spectroscopic analysis showed that the crystals precipitated from the CO2-unsaturated KGLY solutions consisted of glycine only,and the quantity crystallised increased with CO2 loading and ethanol addition.However,a complex mixture containing glycine,carbamate and potassium bicarbonate was precipitated from CO2-saturated KGLY solution with the maximum precipitation percentages of 94.3%,31.4%and 89.6%,respectively,at the ethanol volume fractions of 1.6,2.5 and 2.3.
基金National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFC0831700)NSFC project(61972278)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin(20JCQNJC01620)the Browser Project(CEIEC-2020-ZM02-0132).
文摘We propose an approach to underpin interactive visual exploration of large data volumes by training Learned Visualization Index(LVI).Knowing in advance the data,the aggregation functions that are used for visualization,the visual encoding,and available interactive operations for data selection,LVI allows to avoid time-consuming data retrieval and processing of raw data in response to user’s interactions.Instead,LVI directly predicts aggregates of interest for the user’s data selection.We demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed approach in application to two use cases of spatio-temporal data at different scales.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC No.62202105)Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project,China(2021SHZDZX0103)+1 种基金General Program(No.21ZR1403300)Sailing Program,China(No.21YF1402900)and ZJLab.
文摘How to explore fine-grained but meaningful information from the massive amount of social media data is critical but challenging.To address this challenge,we propose the TopicBubbler,a visual analytics system that supports the cross-level fine-grained exploration of social media data.To achieve the goal of cross-level fine-grained exploration,we propose a new workflow.Under the procedure of the workflow,we construct the fine-grained exploration view through the design of bubble-based word clouds.Each bubble contains two rings that can display information through different levels,and recommends six keywords computed by different algorithms.The view supports users collecting information at different levels and to perform fine-grained selection and exploration across different levels based on keyword recommendations.To enable the users to explore the temporal information and the hierarchical structure,we also construct the Temporal View and Hierarchical View,which satisfy users to view the cross-level dynamic trends and the overview hierarchical structure.In addition,we use the storyline metaphor to enable users to consolidate the fragmented information extracted across levels and topics and ultimately present it as a complete story.Case studies from real-world data confirm the capability of the TopicBubbler from different perspectives,including event mining across levels and topics,and fine-grained mining of specific topics to capture events hidden beneath the surface.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)Grant Nos.61702271,61702270.
文摘The widespread use of numerical simulations in different scientific domains provides a variety of research opportunities.They often output a great deal of spatio-temporal simulation data,which are traditionally characterized as single-run,multi-run,multi-variate,multi-modal and multi-dimensional.From the perspective of data exploration and analysis,we noticed that many works focusing on spatiotemporal simulation data often share similar exploration techniques,for example,the exploration schemes designed in simulation space,parameter space,feature space and combinations of them.However,it lacks a survey to have a systematic overview of the essential commonalities shared by those works.In this survey,we take a novel multi-space perspective to categorize the state-ofthe-art works into three major categories.Specifically,the works are characterized as using similar techniques such as visual designs in simulation space(e.g,visual mapping,boxplot-based visual summarization,etc.),parameter space analysis(e.g,visual steering,parameter space projection,etc.)and data processing in feature space(e.g,feature definition and extraction,sampling,reduction and clustering of simulation data,etc.).
