The operational performance of a full scale subsurface flow constructed wetland, which treated the mixed industrial and domestic wastewater with BOD 5/COD mean ratio of 0 33 at Shatian, Shenzhen City was studied. ...The operational performance of a full scale subsurface flow constructed wetland, which treated the mixed industrial and domestic wastewater with BOD 5/COD mean ratio of 0 33 at Shatian, Shenzhen City was studied. The constructed wetland system consists of screens, sump, pumping station, and primary settling basin, facultative pond, first stage wetland and secondary stage wetland. The designed treatment capacity is 5000 m 3/d, and the actual influent flow is in the range of <2000 to >10000 m 3/d. Under normal operational conditions, the final effluent quality well met the National Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard(GB 8978\_1996), with the following parameters(mean values): COD 33 90 mg/L, BOD 5 7.65 mg/L, TSS 7.92 mg/L, TN 9.11 mg/L and TP 0 56 mg/L. Seven species of plants were selected to grow in the wetland: Reed, Sweetcane flower Silvergrass, Great Bulrush, Powdery Thalia and Canna of three colours. The growing season is a whole year round. The seasonal discrepancy could be observed and the plants growing in the wetland are vulnerable to lower temperature in winter. The recycling of the effluent in the first stage of the wetland system is an effective measure to improve the performance of the wetland system. The insufficient DO value in the wetland system not only had significant effect on pollutants removal in the wetland, but also was unfavourable to plant growth. The recycling of effluent to the inlet of wetland system and artificial pond to increase DO value of influent to the wetland is key to operate the subsurface constructed wetland steadily and effectively.展开更多
A water soluble crude extract prepared from Ornithogalum caudatum Ait. (OCA) showing a high immunomodulating activitiy was isolated and characterized by virtue of gel filtration and column chromatography. The pre...A water soluble crude extract prepared from Ornithogalum caudatum Ait. (OCA) showing a high immunomodulating activitiy was isolated and characterized by virtue of gel filtration and column chromatography. The presence of the monosaccharides has been established by the chemical analysis. The quantitative analysis of the alditol acetate derivatives of them showed the ratios of the monosaccharides analyzed by means of GC respectively. The concentrations of protein(280 nm) and carbohydrate(496 nm) were detected respectively. The information of the molecular weight from the pure polysaccharide was obtained by several standard Dextrans from the Sephadex chromatography.展开更多
The effect of temperature on the properties of boron adsorption-desorption in brown-red soil, yellowbrown soil and calcareous alluvial soil of Hubei Province was investigated with the mobile displacement technique. Th...The effect of temperature on the properties of boron adsorption-desorption in brown-red soil, yellowbrown soil and calcareous alluvial soil of Hubei Province was investigated with the mobile displacement technique. The experimental data of B adsorption-desorption amounts and reaction t line at 25 and 40℃ were fitted by the zero-order, first-order and parabolic diffusion kinetic equations. The adsorption process was in conformity with the parabolic diffusion law at both the temperatures, and the values of rate constant of the parabolic diffusion equation in B adsorption were 0.138, 0.124 and 0.105 mg kg-1 min-1/2 at 25℃, and 0.147, 0.146 and 0.135 mg kg-1 min-1/2 at 40℃ for the brown-red soil, yellow-brown soil, and calcareous alluvial soil, respectively. The relationship between amount of B desorption and reaction time could be well described by the first-order kinetic equation, and the corresponding values of rate constant were 0.0422, 0.0563 and 0.0384 min-1 at 25℃, and 0.0408, 0.042 3 and 0.0401 min-1 at 40℃ for the brown-red soil, the yellow-brown soil and the calcareous alluvial soil, respectively. Therefore, the desorption process of B might be related to the amount of B adsorbed in soil. The higher the temperature, the lower the amount of B adsorption for the same soil in the same reaction time. The values of the apparent activation energy of B adsorption in the three soils calculated with the rate constants of parabolic diffusion equation were 3.27, 8.44 and 12.99 kJ mol-1, respectively, based on the experimental data of B adsorption amounts and reaction time at 25 and 40℃.展开更多
In the pilot study of treating the purified terephthalic acid(PTA) wastewater with the functional Strain Fhhh in the carrier activated sludge process(CASP), the ratio of COD∶TN∶TP and the concentrations of Cu, Mn, S...In the pilot study of treating the purified terephthalic acid(PTA) wastewater with the functional Strain Fhhh in the carrier activated sludge process(CASP), the ratio of COD∶TN∶TP and the concentrations of Cu, Mn, Se and Zn were controlled to improve the manganese peroxidase(MnP) levels for increasing the treatment efficiency. When the ratio of COD∶TN∶TP was 100∶0.36∶0.15 and the concentrations of Cu, Mn, Se and Zn were 0.54, 5.07, 0.00 and 0.08 mg/L, the MnP specific activity(MnP-SA) reached 689 U/L, and the sludge loading rate to COD(SLRC) was 1.09 d -1, which was 4—7 fold of that in other processes reported. The data indicated that improving MnP level could enhance the degradability of Fhhh. And the potentials of Fhhh and CASP will be also discussed in this paper.展开更多
In this papert we give an approach for detecting one or more outliers inrandomized linear model.The likelihood ratio test statistic and its distributions underthe null hypothesis and the alternative hypothesis are giv...In this papert we give an approach for detecting one or more outliers inrandomized linear model.The likelihood ratio test statistic and its distributions underthe null hypothesis and the alternative hypothesis are given. Furthermore,the robustnessof the test statistic in a certain sense is proved. Finally,the optimality properties of thetest are derived.展开更多
Trapping ions outside the Lamb-Dicke limit have been proven to be useful for the laser-cooling and quantum computing.Under the supposition of the Rabi frequency much smaller than the Lamb Dicke parameter,we can use a ...Trapping ions outside the Lamb-Dicke limit have been proven to be useful for the laser-cooling and quantum computing.Under the supposition of the Rabi frequency much smaller than the Lamb Dicke parameter,we can use a simple method to analytically solve the system with a single cold ion trapped and radiated beyond the Lamb Dickc limit,in the absence of the rotating-wave approximation (RWA).Discussion has been made for the limitation of our approach and the comparison of our results with the solutions under the RWA.展开更多
A geometrical transformations resistant digital image watermarking based on quantization is described. Taking advantage of the rotation, scale and translation invariants of discrete Fourier transform (DFT), each water...A geometrical transformations resistant digital image watermarking based on quantization is described. Taking advantage of the rotation, scale and translation invariants of discrete Fourier transform (DFT), each watermark bit is embedded into each homocentric circles around the zero frequency term in DFT domain by quantizing the magnitude vector of Fourier spectrum. The embedded sequence can be extracted by “majority principles” without restoring to the original unmarked image. The experimental results show that the watermark is invisible and robust to any combination of geometrical transformations or common image processing techniques.展开更多
The economic development and the quickening pace of work and life also bring challenges to the management of public institutions. In the process of development, public institutions not only need to do a good job in in...The economic development and the quickening pace of work and life also bring challenges to the management of public institutions. In the process of development, public institutions not only need to do a good job in internal management, but also should take effective measures to avoid external influencing factors. Especially at this stage, all industries are in the transition stage. Therefore, public institutions should do a good job in human resources management at this stage, and ensure the stable development of public institutions through effective human resources management. In the process of development, public institutions should do a good job in innovation, optimize the organizational structure of human resources management departments and innovate economic management concepts. At the same time, they should combine with the specific development of public institutions to better adapt to the requirements of the times and economic development, and make full use of the innovation of human resources economic management to promote the sustainable development of public institutions.展开更多
As an important basic tool for power transmission, most of the overhead transmission lines are exposed to the natural environment, the design and construction methods are different. And there are many man-made damage ...As an important basic tool for power transmission, most of the overhead transmission lines are exposed to the natural environment, the design and construction methods are different. And there are many man-made damage factors during operation, which reduce the normal operation capacity of the transmission line, and cause the fault that the line can not transmit electric energy, The safety status of the overhead transmission line itself is not only related to the overall development of the power industry, but also has an important impact on the power users. Therefore, it is quite necessary to identify, analyze and evaluate the risks in the operation system of the transmission line, which can provide the basis for the adjustment of equipment, operation management, operation and maintenance, so as to eliminate and control the risk factors existing in the transmission line system and minimize the occurrence of accidents. So as to achieve the best safe operation state.展开更多
Thirty-one congeners of polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs) and 21 congeners of polybrominated diphenylethers(PBDEs)in surface sediments at 5 stations and one mussel sample from Qingdao coastal waters were analyzed. T...Thirty-one congeners of polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs) and 21 congeners of polybrominated diphenylethers(PBDEs)in surface sediments at 5 stations and one mussel sample from Qingdao coastal waters were analyzed. The maximum contents occur at the station near the Haibo River mouth. The total PCNs contents are in the range of 212-1209 pg/g dw, dominated by tri-Cl CN. The total PBDEs contents are in the range of 117-5510 pg/g dw,dominated by tri- to hexa-BrBDEs. The local sources of PCNs are likely from combustion processes such as incinerations and coal burnings. The sources of PBDEs are molecular diffusion from the materials containing them. Except for the area near the river mouth where is affected by the sewage sludges, an important source of PCNs and PBDEs in this area is believed to be the atmospheric deposition. Mussels enrich PCNs and PBDEs relative to the sediments. The total TEQs of PCNs in mussels are lower than the total TEQs of PCBs.展开更多
文摘The operational performance of a full scale subsurface flow constructed wetland, which treated the mixed industrial and domestic wastewater with BOD 5/COD mean ratio of 0 33 at Shatian, Shenzhen City was studied. The constructed wetland system consists of screens, sump, pumping station, and primary settling basin, facultative pond, first stage wetland and secondary stage wetland. The designed treatment capacity is 5000 m 3/d, and the actual influent flow is in the range of <2000 to >10000 m 3/d. Under normal operational conditions, the final effluent quality well met the National Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard(GB 8978\_1996), with the following parameters(mean values): COD 33 90 mg/L, BOD 5 7.65 mg/L, TSS 7.92 mg/L, TN 9.11 mg/L and TP 0 56 mg/L. Seven species of plants were selected to grow in the wetland: Reed, Sweetcane flower Silvergrass, Great Bulrush, Powdery Thalia and Canna of three colours. The growing season is a whole year round. The seasonal discrepancy could be observed and the plants growing in the wetland are vulnerable to lower temperature in winter. The recycling of the effluent in the first stage of the wetland system is an effective measure to improve the performance of the wetland system. The insufficient DO value in the wetland system not only had significant effect on pollutants removal in the wetland, but also was unfavourable to plant growth. The recycling of effluent to the inlet of wetland system and artificial pond to increase DO value of influent to the wetland is key to operate the subsurface constructed wetland steadily and effectively.
文摘A water soluble crude extract prepared from Ornithogalum caudatum Ait. (OCA) showing a high immunomodulating activitiy was isolated and characterized by virtue of gel filtration and column chromatography. The presence of the monosaccharides has been established by the chemical analysis. The quantitative analysis of the alditol acetate derivatives of them showed the ratios of the monosaccharides analyzed by means of GC respectively. The concentrations of protein(280 nm) and carbohydrate(496 nm) were detected respectively. The information of the molecular weight from the pure polysaccharide was obtained by several standard Dextrans from the Sephadex chromatography.
文摘The effect of temperature on the properties of boron adsorption-desorption in brown-red soil, yellowbrown soil and calcareous alluvial soil of Hubei Province was investigated with the mobile displacement technique. The experimental data of B adsorption-desorption amounts and reaction t line at 25 and 40℃ were fitted by the zero-order, first-order and parabolic diffusion kinetic equations. The adsorption process was in conformity with the parabolic diffusion law at both the temperatures, and the values of rate constant of the parabolic diffusion equation in B adsorption were 0.138, 0.124 and 0.105 mg kg-1 min-1/2 at 25℃, and 0.147, 0.146 and 0.135 mg kg-1 min-1/2 at 40℃ for the brown-red soil, yellow-brown soil, and calcareous alluvial soil, respectively. The relationship between amount of B desorption and reaction time could be well described by the first-order kinetic equation, and the corresponding values of rate constant were 0.0422, 0.0563 and 0.0384 min-1 at 25℃, and 0.0408, 0.042 3 and 0.0401 min-1 at 40℃ for the brown-red soil, the yellow-brown soil and the calcareous alluvial soil, respectively. Therefore, the desorption process of B might be related to the amount of B adsorbed in soil. The higher the temperature, the lower the amount of B adsorption for the same soil in the same reaction time. The values of the apparent activation energy of B adsorption in the three soils calculated with the rate constants of parabolic diffusion equation were 3.27, 8.44 and 12.99 kJ mol-1, respectively, based on the experimental data of B adsorption amounts and reaction time at 25 and 40℃.
基金Foundation item: The National Hi Tech Research and Development Program(863) of China(2001AA214191) and PhD Fund of the National Education Ministry of China(No. 20030284038)
文摘In the pilot study of treating the purified terephthalic acid(PTA) wastewater with the functional Strain Fhhh in the carrier activated sludge process(CASP), the ratio of COD∶TN∶TP and the concentrations of Cu, Mn, Se and Zn were controlled to improve the manganese peroxidase(MnP) levels for increasing the treatment efficiency. When the ratio of COD∶TN∶TP was 100∶0.36∶0.15 and the concentrations of Cu, Mn, Se and Zn were 0.54, 5.07, 0.00 and 0.08 mg/L, the MnP specific activity(MnP-SA) reached 689 U/L, and the sludge loading rate to COD(SLRC) was 1.09 d -1, which was 4—7 fold of that in other processes reported. The data indicated that improving MnP level could enhance the degradability of Fhhh. And the potentials of Fhhh and CASP will be also discussed in this paper.
文摘In this papert we give an approach for detecting one or more outliers inrandomized linear model.The likelihood ratio test statistic and its distributions underthe null hypothesis and the alternative hypothesis are given. Furthermore,the robustnessof the test statistic in a certain sense is proved. Finally,the optimality properties of thetest are derived.
文摘Trapping ions outside the Lamb-Dicke limit have been proven to be useful for the laser-cooling and quantum computing.Under the supposition of the Rabi frequency much smaller than the Lamb Dicke parameter,we can use a simple method to analytically solve the system with a single cold ion trapped and radiated beyond the Lamb Dickc limit,in the absence of the rotating-wave approximation (RWA).Discussion has been made for the limitation of our approach and the comparison of our results with the solutions under the RWA.
文摘A geometrical transformations resistant digital image watermarking based on quantization is described. Taking advantage of the rotation, scale and translation invariants of discrete Fourier transform (DFT), each watermark bit is embedded into each homocentric circles around the zero frequency term in DFT domain by quantizing the magnitude vector of Fourier spectrum. The embedded sequence can be extracted by “majority principles” without restoring to the original unmarked image. The experimental results show that the watermark is invisible and robust to any combination of geometrical transformations or common image processing techniques.
文摘The economic development and the quickening pace of work and life also bring challenges to the management of public institutions. In the process of development, public institutions not only need to do a good job in internal management, but also should take effective measures to avoid external influencing factors. Especially at this stage, all industries are in the transition stage. Therefore, public institutions should do a good job in human resources management at this stage, and ensure the stable development of public institutions through effective human resources management. In the process of development, public institutions should do a good job in innovation, optimize the organizational structure of human resources management departments and innovate economic management concepts. At the same time, they should combine with the specific development of public institutions to better adapt to the requirements of the times and economic development, and make full use of the innovation of human resources economic management to promote the sustainable development of public institutions.
文摘As an important basic tool for power transmission, most of the overhead transmission lines are exposed to the natural environment, the design and construction methods are different. And there are many man-made damage factors during operation, which reduce the normal operation capacity of the transmission line, and cause the fault that the line can not transmit electric energy, The safety status of the overhead transmission line itself is not only related to the overall development of the power industry, but also has an important impact on the power users. Therefore, it is quite necessary to identify, analyze and evaluate the risks in the operation system of the transmission line, which can provide the basis for the adjustment of equipment, operation management, operation and maintenance, so as to eliminate and control the risk factors existing in the transmission line system and minimize the occurrence of accidents. So as to achieve the best safe operation state.
文摘Thirty-one congeners of polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs) and 21 congeners of polybrominated diphenylethers(PBDEs)in surface sediments at 5 stations and one mussel sample from Qingdao coastal waters were analyzed. The maximum contents occur at the station near the Haibo River mouth. The total PCNs contents are in the range of 212-1209 pg/g dw, dominated by tri-Cl CN. The total PBDEs contents are in the range of 117-5510 pg/g dw,dominated by tri- to hexa-BrBDEs. The local sources of PCNs are likely from combustion processes such as incinerations and coal burnings. The sources of PBDEs are molecular diffusion from the materials containing them. Except for the area near the river mouth where is affected by the sewage sludges, an important source of PCNs and PBDEs in this area is believed to be the atmospheric deposition. Mussels enrich PCNs and PBDEs relative to the sediments. The total TEQs of PCNs in mussels are lower than the total TEQs of PCBs.
