Targeting Chang'E-8 mission'in-situ resource utilization(ISRU)for sustainable lunar habitats,laser powder bed fusion(LPBF)provides a viable pathway for in-situ additive manufacturing of lunar regolith.To eluci...Targeting Chang'E-8 mission'in-situ resource utilization(ISRU)for sustainable lunar habitats,laser powder bed fusion(LPBF)provides a viable pathway for in-situ additive manufacturing of lunar regolith.To elucidate mission relevant mechanical behavior and failure mechanisms of LPBF fabricated lunar regolith simulants,mare type and highland type simulant specimens were produced.Microstructural characterization,mechanical test coupled with three-dimensional digital image correlation(3D-DIC),and an energy-dissipation framework were employed for comprehensive analysis.The pristine highland specimens achieved 5.79 MPa and a peak strain of 0.13(50 mm×50 mm×30 mm),significantly outperforming their mare counterparts.Wire-cutting to 20 mm×20 mm×20 mm lowered strength by~20%and peak strain to 0.04,indicating cutting-induced defects reduce ductility.All specimens displayed multipeaked stress–strain curves.3D-DIC revealed band-type strain localization in pristine highland samples,diffuse strain patterns in cut highland samples,and highly tortuous,network-type bands in mare samples;the anisotropy index was also quantified.Fragmented particles exhibited fractal dimensions ranging from 1.6 to 2.0(size 1.25–9 mm).Energy evolution progressed through three distinct stages:elastic energy storage,progressive energy dissipation delaying crack propagation,and final unstable collapse.An energy-based damage model was established and validated.The data and methods developed support Chang'E-8 missions'ISRU demonstrations and establish a transferable framework toward sustainable lunar habitats.展开更多
Magnetization convenience is crucial consideration for design of valve magnetic actuators.The existing repulsive-magnetic-coupling of 2D maglev valve is not oriented to the integral-magnetization-processes,resulting i...Magnetization convenience is crucial consideration for design of valve magnetic actuators.The existing repulsive-magnetic-coupling of 2D maglev valve is not oriented to the integral-magnetization-processes,resulting in the high assembly cost.This paper presents a novel tractive-magnetic-coupling(TMC)and its application on a 2D electro-hydraulic proportional flow valve(2D-EHPFV),whose configuration not only fulfill the requirements of 2D valve,but also oriented to integral-magnetization-process.To investigate the output torque of TMC,a detailed analytical model considering leakage flux,edge effect and tooth magnetic saturation is formulated based on the equivalent magnetic circuit method.To facilitate the magnetic saturation calculation,a special magnetic permeability database is established for tooth region of TMC using Ansoft/Maxwell software.Prototype of TMC is machined and an exclusive experimental platform is built.Torque-displacement characteristics under different working airgap and tooth number are measured.The experimental results are in good agreement with the analytical results,which verifies the correctness of the analytical model.Then the TMC is integrated into the 2D-EHPFV by replacing the repulsive-magnetic-coupling.Prototype of 2D-EHPFV is designed and manufactured to test the no-load flow characteristics,load flow characteristics,leakage characteristics,frequency characteristics and step response.Under working pressure of 15 MPa,the maximum no-load flow rate is 82.2 L/min with the hysteresis of 2.6%,and the amplitude and phase frequency width is 21.6 Hz,and 28.9 Hz.The detailed experimental results show that TMC can be applied to 2D valves to form 2D-EHPFV,which can reduce hysteresis and cost,and improve response speed.展开更多
Objective Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)is a major health concern in northwest China;however,the impact of particulate matter(PM)exposure during sand-dust storms(SDS)remains poorly understood.Therefore,th...Objective Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)is a major health concern in northwest China;however,the impact of particulate matter(PM)exposure during sand-dust storms(SDS)remains poorly understood.Therefore,this study aimed to investigate the association between PM exposure on SDS days and COPD hospitalization risk in arid regions.Methods Data on daily COPD hospitalizations were collected from 323 hospitals from 2018 to 2022,along with the corresponding air pollutant and meteorological data for each city in Gansu Province.Employing a space-time-stratified case-crossover design and conditional Poisson regression,we analyzed 265,379 COPD hospitalizations.Results PM exposure during SDS days significantly increased COPD hospitalization risk[relative risk(RR)for PM2.5,lag 3:1.028,95%confidence interval(CI):1.021–1.034],particularly among men and the elderly,and during the cold season.The burden of PM exposure on COPD hospitalization was substantially high in Northwest China,especially in the arid and semi-arid regions.Conclusion Our findings revealed a positive correlation between PM exposure during SDS episodes and elevated hospitalization rates for COPD in arid and semi-arid zones in China.This highlights the urgency of developing region-specific public health strategies to address adverse respiratory outcomes associated with SDS-related air quality deterioration.展开更多
Medicinal and dietary plants provide numerous nutritional and functional compounds and also have various potential health benefits to humanity.The specific and efficient techniques for accurate identification of nutri...Medicinal and dietary plants provide numerous nutritional and functional compounds and also have various potential health benefits to humanity.The specific and efficient techniques for accurate identification of nutritional compounds and functional metabolites is crucial for the development of functional foods from medicinal and dietary plants.Nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)and mass spectrometry(MS)are indispensable and essential technologies that provide an unsurpassed wealth of untargeted identification,quantitative and qualitative analysis,and structural information in the study of food and plant products.In the past decade,the rapid development of modern analytical technology has led to the emergence of new approaches and strategies for natural products discovery.Especially the application of novel NMRand MS-based identification and dereplication strategies aided by artificial intelligence and machine learning algorithms have brought about a significant shift in the natural products discovery process.These developments and changes in the natural products filed have given us insights into how to accurately target and mining nutritional,functional,and bioactive compounds.Thus,we have summarized recent research on novel NMR and MS based strategies and methods focusing on functional compounds,accurate identification and efficient discovery mainly in medicinal and dietary plants.This review could provide a comprehensive perspective for a better understanding of novel strategies and methods based on NMR and MS technologies,which could provide valuable insights and ideas for functional compounds mining.展开更多
Lipids are essential for normal life activities and biological functions of the human body,and disorders of lipid metabolism produce a lipotoxic environment,endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stress,inflammation,and cell death,...Lipids are essential for normal life activities and biological functions of the human body,and disorders of lipid metabolism produce a lipotoxic environment,endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stress,inflammation,and cell death,which can lead to a variety of diseases in the body.It has been found that lipid metabolism disorders are closely associated with brain injury disease,cancer,metabolic disease,cardiovascular disease(CVD),respiratory disease and infectious disease.In recent years,many medicinal and edible plants such as Pueraria lobata,Gardenia jasminoides,Curcuma longa,citrus fruits,peanuts,etc.have shown great potential in regulating lipid metabolism and some of the hidden active components showed innovative mechanisms.AMPK,PPARy,SIRT1,Foxp3,NLRP3,and Keapl are increasingly recognized as therapeutic targets in the field of regulating lipid metabolism.This study aims to provide a comprehensive review of natural lipid-regulating modulators in medicinal and edible plants and their mechanism of actions,which offer valuable references for the discovery of natural lipid metabolism modulators and a therapeutic strategy for treatment of lipid metabolism-related diseases.展开更多
Continuous monitoring of biosignals is essential for advancing early disease detection,personalized treatment,and health management.Flexible electronics,capable of accurately monitoring biosignals in daily life,have g...Continuous monitoring of biosignals is essential for advancing early disease detection,personalized treatment,and health management.Flexible electronics,capable of accurately monitoring biosignals in daily life,have garnered considerable attention due to their softness,conformability,and biocompatibility.However,several challenges remain,including imperfect skin-device interfaces,limited breathability,and insufficient mechanoelectrical stability.On-skin epidermal electronics,distinguished by their excellent conformability,breathability,and mechanoelectrical robustness,offer a promising solution for high-fidelity,long-term health monitoring.These devices can seamlessly integrate with the human body,leading to transformative advancements in future personalized healthcare.This review provides a systematic examination of recent advancements in on-skin epidermal electronics,with particular emphasis on critical aspects including material science,structural design,desired properties,and practical applications.We explore various materials,considering their properties and the corresponding structural designs developed to construct high-performance epidermal electronics.We then discuss different approaches for achieving the desired device properties necessary for long-term health monitoring,including adhesiveness,breathability,and mechanoelectrical stability.Additionally,we summarize the diverse applications of these devices in monitoring biophysical and physiological signals.Finally,we address the challenges facing these devices and outline future prospects,offering insights into the ongoing development of on-skin epidermal electronics for long-term health monitoring.展开更多
The unique crystal structure and multiple redox couples of iron titanate(Fe_(2)TiO_(5)) provide it a high theoretical capacity and good cycling stability when used as an electrode. In this study, the electrospinning m...The unique crystal structure and multiple redox couples of iron titanate(Fe_(2)TiO_(5)) provide it a high theoretical capacity and good cycling stability when used as an electrode. In this study, the electrospinning method is employed to synthesize one-dimensional(1 D) Fe_(2)TiO_(5) nanochains. The as-prepared Fe_(2)TiO_(5) nanochains exhibited superior specific capacity(500 mAh·g^(-1) at 0.10 A·g^(-1)),excellent rate performance(180 mAh·g^(-1) at 5.00 A·g^(-1)),and good cycling stability(retaining 100% of the initial specific capacity at a current density of 1.00 A·g^(-1) after1000 cycles). The as-assembled Fe_(2)TiO_(5)/SCCB lithiumion capacitor(LIC) also delivered a competitive energy density(137.8 Wh·kg^(-1))andpowerdensity(11,250 W·kg^(-1)). This study proves that the as-fabricated1 D Fe_(2)TiO_(5) nanochains are promising anode materials for high-performance LICs.展开更多
Introduction:Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE)plus thermal ablation has been widely used recently in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).In this study,we aimed to compare results of the combina...Introduction:Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE)plus thermal ablation has been widely used recently in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).In this study,we aimed to compare results of the combination of TACE and percutaneous thermal ablation with those of hepatectomy in patients with HCC.Methods:The clinical data of 137 HCC patients who sequentially received TACE and computed tomography(CT)-guided percutaneous thermal ablation as an initial curative treatment(combination group)and 148 matched HCC patients who received hepatectomy(surgery group)between 2004 and 2011 were collected and analyzed.After TACE,multiphase contrast-enhanced CT was performed to identify the total number of tumors as well as lipiodol deposition in the liver.Survival was calculated by using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared by using the log-rank test.The prognostic factors were assessed with multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis.Results:Of all 285 patients,225(79.0%)had cancerous lesions≤5 cm in diameter.In preoperative contrast-enhanced CT or magnetic resonance imaging,the number of tumors was 1–4 for each patient.The 1-,3-,and 5-year overall survival rates were 95,74%,and 67%in the combination group and 88,66,and 47%in the surgery group,respectively(P=0.004);the corresponding recurrence-free survival rates for the two groups were 92,69,and 61%and 75,58,and44%,respectively(P=0.001).In the multivariate analysis,treatment allocation was an independent prognostic factor for survival.Only 60 patients in the combination group had sufficient imaging data,and 135 new lesions with lipiodol deposition were diagnosed as malignancies in 22 of 60 patients,whereas 20 new lesions were found in 11 of 148patients in the surgery group.Conclusion:The combination of TACE and CT-guided percutaneous thermal ablation for HCC improves survival of HCC patients compared with hepatectomy.展开更多
The effect of botulinum toxin type A injection on voluntary grip control was examined in a 53-year-old female,who sustained a hemorrhagic right middle cerebral artery stroke 3 years previously,which resulted in finger...The effect of botulinum toxin type A injection on voluntary grip control was examined in a 53-year-old female,who sustained a hemorrhagic right middle cerebral artery stroke 3 years previously,which resulted in finger flexor spasticity and residual weak finger/wrist extension.The patient received 50 units of botulinum toxin type A injection each to the motor points(2 sites/muscle)of the left flexor digitorum superficialis and flexor digitorum profundus,respectively.Botulinum toxin injection led to weakness and tone reduction in the spastic finger flexors,but improved grip release time in grip initiation/release reaction time tasks.Improved release time was accompanied by shortened extensor electromyography activity,and improved release time likely correlated with blocked co-contraction of finger flexors during voluntary finger extension.This case report demonstrated that botulinum toxin injection improved voluntary motor control of the hand in a chronic stroke patient with residual finger extension.展开更多
Lithium-sulfur battery(Li-S)is considered as one of the new-generation rechargeable batteries with high performance because of its extremely high theoretical capacity,energy density,environmental harmony and low cost....Lithium-sulfur battery(Li-S)is considered as one of the new-generation rechargeable batteries with high performance because of its extremely high theoretical capacity,energy density,environmental harmony and low cost.However,low electrical and ionic conductivity of sulfur,safety concerns and parasitic reaction generated by the dissolved polysulfide species in electrolyte hinder the commercialization of Li-S battery.Herein,we report a polyhedral porous structure comprising of carbon coating metal selenide nanoparticles(CoSe2/C),which could not only host sulfur for Li-S battery owing to its porous and conductive structure,but also mitigate the shuttle phenomenon by polysulfides adsorption and catalytic acceleration of redox kinetics.As a result,a performance enhanced CoSe2/C-S electrode for Li-S battery is achieved.展开更多
In the field of glucose sensors,the development of inexpensive and high-efficiency electrochemical glucose sensors is the current research hotspot.In this paper,CuO-Co_(3)O_(4)composite with a prickly-sphere-like morp...In the field of glucose sensors,the development of inexpensive and high-efficiency electrochemical glucose sensors is the current research hotspot.In this paper,CuO-Co_(3)O_(4)composite with a prickly-sphere-like morphology is prepared by the facile hydrothermal method for the non-enzymatic electrochemical glucose detection.X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,energy-dispersive X-ray spec-troscopy,and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy are used to analyze the structure,composition,and morphology of the material.In addition,the electrochemical catalytic perfor-mance of CuO-Co_(3)O_(4)to glucose is obtained by cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry.The excellent elec-trochemical sensing performance may be attributed to the large number of catalytic sites in the prickly-sphere-like composite and the synergistic effect of Cu and Co.Under an applied voltage of 0.55 V,CuO-Co_(3)O_(4)composite shows sensitivity to glucose(1503.45μA·(mmol·L^(-1))^(-1)-cm^(-2)),a low detection limit(21.95μmol·L^(-1)),excellent selectivity,a high level of reproducibility,and good sta-bility.This indicates that the CuO-Co_(3)O_(4)composite has a broad prospect of non-enzymatic glucose sensing application.展开更多
Coal and gas outburst is a complex dynamic disaster during coal underground mining.Revealing the disaster mechanism is of great signifcance for accurate prediction and prevention of coal and gas outburst.The geo-dynam...Coal and gas outburst is a complex dynamic disaster during coal underground mining.Revealing the disaster mechanism is of great signifcance for accurate prediction and prevention of coal and gas outburst.The geo-dynamic system of coal and gas outburst is proposed.The framework of geo-dynamic system is composed of gassy coal mass,geological dynamic environment and mining disturbance.Equations of stress–damage–seepage interaction for gassy coal mass is constructed to resolve the outburst elimination process by gas extraction with boreholes through layer in foor roadway.The results show the occurrence of outburst is divided into the evolution process of gestation,formation,development and termination of geo-dynamic system.The scale range of outburst occurrence is determined,which provides a spatial basis for the prevention and control of outburst.The formation criterion and instability criterion of coal and gas outburst are established.The formation criterion F1 is defned as the scale of the geo-dynamic system,and the instability criterion F2 is defned as the scale of the outburst geo-body.According to the geo-dynamic system,the elimination mechanism of coal and gas outburst—‘unloading+depressurization’is established,and the gas extraction by boreholes through layer in foor roadway for outburst elimination is given.For the research case,when the gas extraction is 120 days,the gas pressure of the coal seam is reduced to below 0.4 MPa,and the outburst danger is eliminated efectively.展开更多
Salt stress is a typical abiotic stress in plants that causes slow growth,stunting,and reduced yield and fruit quality.Fertilization is necessary to ensure proper crop growth.However,the effect of fertilization on sal...Salt stress is a typical abiotic stress in plants that causes slow growth,stunting,and reduced yield and fruit quality.Fertilization is necessary to ensure proper crop growth.However,the effect of fertilization on salt tolerance in grapevine is unclear.In this study,we investigated the effect of nitrogen fertilizer(0.01 and 0.1 mol L^(-1)NH_(4)NO_(3))application on the salt(200 mmol L^(-1)NaCl)tolerance of grapevine based on physiological indices,and transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses.The results revealed that 0.01 mol L^(-1)NH_(4)NO_(3) supplementation significantly reduced the accumulation of superoxide anion(O_(2)^(-)·),enhanced the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and peroxidase(POD),and improved the levels of ascorbic acid(AsA)and glutathione(GSH)in grape leaves compared to salt treatment alone.Specifically,joint transcriptome and metabolome analyses showed that the differentially expressed genes(DEGs)and differentially accumulated metabolites(DAMs)were significantly enriched in the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway(ko00941)and the flavone and flavonol biosynthesis pathway(ko00944).In particular,the relative content of quercetin(C00389)was markedly regulated by salt and nitrogen.Further analysis revealed that exogenous foliar application of quercetin improved the SOD and POD activities,increased the AsA and GSH contents,and reduced the H_(2)O_(2) and O_(2)^(-)·contents.Meanwhile,10 hub DEGs,which had high Pearson correlations(R^(2)>0.9)with quercetin,were repressed by nitrogen.In conclusion,all the results indicated that moderate nitrogen and quercetin application under salt stress enhanced the antioxidant system defense response,thus providing a new perspective for improving salt tolerance in grapes.展开更多
Objective:To study the influence of targeted inhibition of Notch1 gene on the killing effects of Paclitaxel on triple-negative breast cancer cells.Methods:The triple-negative [estrogen receptor(ER)/progesterone recept...Objective:To study the influence of targeted inhibition of Notch1 gene on the killing effects of Paclitaxel on triple-negative breast cancer cells.Methods:The triple-negative [estrogen receptor(ER)/progesterone receptor(PR)/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(Her2)] breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 and ER/PR/HER-2-positive breast cancer cell line MCF-7 were cultured,transfected with Notch1-si RNA-overexpression plasmid and blank plasmid,and treated with different concentrations of paclitaxel,and then the cell proliferation activity and apoptosis rate as well as the m RNA expression of Caspase-3,Caspase-9 and Bcl-2 were determined.Results:Paclitaxel could decrease the MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cell proliferation activity as well as Bcl-2 mRNA expression,and increase MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cell apoptosis rate as well as Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 mRNA expression in dosedependent manners;with the same dose of paclitaxel treatment,the inhibitory effects on MDAMB-231 cell proliferation activity and Bcl-2 m RNA expression as well as the promoting effects on MDA-MB-231 cell apoptosis and mR NA expression of Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 were weaker than those on MCF-7 cell;after 0.5 μM paclitaxel combined with Notch1-siRNA treatment,MDA-MB-231 cell proliferation activity and Bcl-2 mRNA expression were significantly lower than those after 0.5 μM paclitaxel combined with control plasmid treatment while cell apoptosis rate and mR NA expression of Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 were higher than those after 0.5 μM paclitaxel combined with control plasmid treatment.Conclusions:Targeted inhibition of Notch1 gene may enhance the killing effects of paclitaxel on triple-negative breast cancer cells by up-regulating the expression of Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 and inhibiting the expression of Bcl-2.展开更多
AIM： To investigate whether supplementation of male zooid of Antheraea pernyi extracts （MZAPE） could enhance immune function of radiated tumor-bearing rats. METHODS： Eighty male Wistar rats were randomly divided i...AIM： To investigate whether supplementation of male zooid of Antheraea pernyi extracts （MZAPE） could enhance immune function of radiated tumor-bearing rats. METHODS： Eighty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into a control group, a simple radiation group, a MZAPE group, and a radiation plus MZAPE group. With the tumor model established by implanting Walker-256 ascites tumor cells, tumor weight and tumor control rate were calculated. The rats in the simple radiation and radiation plus MZAPE groups were underwent to radiation at 10 Gy within 2 d. In the MZAPE and radiation plus MZAPE groups, the MZAPE was gavaged at a dose of 16.53 mg/kg once a day for 7 d. T cell subsets in peripheral blood were determined by flow cytometry and the expression of IL-2, IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-10 in sera were determined by ELISA on the 8th d. RESULTS： The tumor weight of simple radiation group, MZAPE group and radiation plus MZAPE group was lower than that of control group （P 〈 0.01） and tumor control rates were 63.08% ± 6.43%, 69.86%± 7.12% and 35.30% ± 7.67%, respectively. CD^4＋ T and CD^8＋ T cells in the peripheral blood of the simple radiation group were fewer than in control group. In the MZAPE and radiation plus MZAPE groups, the number of CD^4＋ T cells was higher while CD^8＋ T cells was lower than in the control and simple radiation groups. Expression of IL-2 and INF-y in the radiation group was lower than in control group, and significantly enhanced during MZAPE therapy （P 〈 0.05）. Expression of IL-4 and IL-10 in the radiation group had no significant changes compared with the control group, and decreased significantly after MZAPE treatment （P 〈 0.01）. CONCLUSION： MZAPE administration may help improve the immune function of the radiated tumor-bearing rats and reverse the radiation-induced immune inhibition by promoting the proliferation of T helper cells and inducing the transdifferentiation from Th2 to Th1.展开更多
AIM： To study the effects of concentrated liquor from male zooid of Antheraea pernyion immunological mice.METHODS： For each experiment, 40 mice were randomly divided into normal saline group （control group） and th...AIM： To study the effects of concentrated liquor from male zooid of Antheraea pernyion immunological mice.METHODS： For each experiment, 40 mice were randomly divided into normal saline group （control group） and three tested groups that were administered different dosages of concentrated liquor from male zooid of A. pernyiand food for 15 d. The typical FSR and HC50 value, monocybe-phagocytic exponent Kand emendated monocyte-phagocytic exponent were determined and calculated respectively.RESULTS： Alter 24 and 48 h, the FSR values of the three tested groups improved significantly in comparison to the conlyol group by variance analysis. The HCso values showed a significant difference between the high dosage group and the control group, as well as between the high dosage group and other two bested groups. The monocyte-phagocytic exponent Kand emendated exponent α showed rising tendencies, but no significant differences were found by variance analysis.CONCLUSION： The concentrated liquor from male zooid of A. pemyican significantly enhance cellular and humoral immune function in mice, but has no distinct influence on the monocyte-phagocytic system in mice.展开更多
Germanium(Ge), an alloy-type anode material for lithium-ion batteries(LIBs), possesses many advantages such as high theoretical capacity and decent electrical conductivity. Nevertheless, its application is restricted ...Germanium(Ge), an alloy-type anode material for lithium-ion batteries(LIBs), possesses many advantages such as high theoretical capacity and decent electrical conductivity. Nevertheless, its application is restricted by tremendous volume variation and tardy reaction kinetic during discharge/charge process.In this paper, the Ge/3DPG composites with Ge nanoparticles uniformly dispersed in 3D interconnected porous graphene(3DPG) skeleton are successfully prepared using a template-assisted in-situ reduction method. The unique 3D interconnected porous graphene can not only enhance the electronic conductivity and reaction kinetics of the materials, but also provide sufficient buffer space to effectively mitigate the volume expansion during cycling and strengthen the structural integrity. Moreover, the small-sized Ge nanoparticles in close conjunction with the 3D graphene can boost the surface-controlled reaction of the electrode, which contributes to a fast charge–discharge rate capability. The Ge/3DPG composite with optimized Ge/graphene mass ratio delivers high reversible specific capacity(1102 mAh g^(-1) after 100 cycles at 0.2 C), outstanding rate capability(494 mAh g^(-1) at 5 C), and admirable cycling stability(85.3% of capacity retention after 250 cycles at 0.5 C). This work provides a significant inspiration for the design and fabrication of advanced Ge-based anode materials for next-generation highperformance LIBs.展开更多
Animal cells require extrinsic cues for growth, proliferation and survival. The propagation of Drosophila imaginal disc cells in vitro, for example, requires the supplementation of fly extract, the composition of whic...Animal cells require extrinsic cues for growth, proliferation and survival. The propagation of Drosophila imaginal disc cells in vitro, for example, requires the supplementation of fly extract, the composition of which remains largely undefined. Here I report the biochemical purification of iron-loaded ferritin as an active ingredient of fly extract that is required for promoting the growth of clone 8 imaginal disc cells. Consistent with an essential role for iron- loaded ferritin in cultured cells, overexpression of ferritin or addition of iron in a nutrient-poor diet increases animal viability and body weight, promotes cell proliferation, and shortens the duration of postembryonic development. Conversely, overexpression of dominant-negative ferritin or addition of iron chelator causes the opposite effects. Fer- ritin mutant flies arrest development at the first-instar larval stage with a severe starvation phenotype reminiscent of that seen in starved larvae. I conclude that iron-loaded ferritin acts as an essential mitogen for cell proliferation and postembryonic development in Drosophila by maintaining iron homeostasis and antagonizing starvation response.展开更多
BACKGROUND A body of evidence has suggested bidirectional relationships among gallstone disease(GSD),non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),and kidney stone disease(KSD).However,the results are inconsistent,and stud...BACKGROUND A body of evidence has suggested bidirectional relationships among gallstone disease(GSD),non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),and kidney stone disease(KSD).However,the results are inconsistent,and studies on this topic in China are relatively few.Our goal is to explore the bidirectional associations among these three diseases through a multicenter study,systematic review,and meta-analysis.AIM To explore the bidirectional associations among these three diseases through a multicenter study,systematic review,and meta-analysis.The results may help to investigate the etiology of these diseases and shed light on the individualized prevention of these three diseases.METHODS Subjects who participated in physical examinations in Beijing,Tianjin,Chongqing in China were recruited.Multivariable logistic regression was employed to explore the bidirectional relationships among GSD,KSD,and NAFLD.Systematic review and meta-analysis were initiated to confirm the epidemiologic evidence from previous observational studies.Furthermore,trial sequential analysis(TSA)was conducted to evaluate whether the evidence was sufficient and conclusive.RESULTS Significant bidirectional associations were detected among the three diseases,independent of potential confounding factors.The pooled results of the systematic review and meta-analysis also corroborated the aforementioned results.The combined evidence from the multicenter study and meta-analysis was significant[pooled odds ratio(OR)=1.42,95%CI:1.16-1.75,KSD→GSD;pooled OR=1.48,95%CI:1.31-1.67,GSD→KSD;pooled OR=1.31,95%CI:1.17-1.47,GSD→NAFLD;pooled OR=1.37,95%CI:1.26-1.50,NAFLD→GSD;pooled OR=1.28,95%CI:1.08-1.51,NAFLD→KSD;pooled OR=1.21,95%CI:1.16-1.25,KSD→NAFLD].TSA indicated that the evidence was sufficient and conclusive.CONCLUSION The present study presents relatively sufficient evidence for the positive bidirectional associations among GSD,KSD,and NAFLD.The results may provide clues for investigating the etiology of these three diseases and offer a guideline for identifying high-risk patients.展开更多
AIM:To find potential mutable sites by detecting mutations of the candidate gene in a kindred with polycystic liver disease(PCLD).METHODS:First,we chose a kindred with PCLD and obtained five venous blood samples of th...AIM:To find potential mutable sites by detecting mutations of the candidate gene in a kindred with polycystic liver disease(PCLD).METHODS:First,we chose a kindred with PCLD and obtained five venous blood samples of this kindred after the family members signed the informed consent form.In the kindred two cases were diagnosed with PCLD,and the left three cases were normal individuals.All the blood samples were preserved at-85?℃.Second,we extracted the genomic DNA from the venous blood samples of the kindred using a QIAamp DNA Mini Kit and then performed long-range polymerase chain reaction(PCR)with different primers.The exons of PKD1 were all sequenced with the forward and reverse primers to ensure the accuracy of the results.Next,we purified the PCR products and directly sequenced them using Big Dye Terminator Chemistry version 3.1.The sequencing reaction was conducted with Biomek FX(Beckman).Finally,we analyzed the results.RESULTS:A total of 42 normal exons were identified in detecting mutations of the PKD1 gene.A synonymous mutation occurred in exon 5.The mutation was a homozygous T in the proband and was C in the reference sequence.This mutation was located in the third codon and did not change the amino acid encoded by the codon.Missense mutations occurred in exons 11 and 35.These mutations were located in the second codon;they changed the amino acid sequence and existed in the db SNP library.A nonsense mutation occurred in exon 15.The mutation was a heterozygous CT in the proband and was C in the referencesequence.This mutation was located in the first codon and resulted in a termination codon.This mutation had an obvious influence on the encoded protein and changed the length of the protein from 4303 to 2246amino acids.This was a new mutation that was not present in the db SNP library.CONCLUSION:The nonsense mutation of exon 15existed in the proband and in the third individual.Additionally,the proband was heterozygous for this mutation,so the mutable site was a pathogenic mutation.展开更多
基金supported by the Young Student Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.525B2139)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2023YFB3711300 and 2021YFF0500301)the Space Application System of China Manned Space Program(No.KJZ-YYWCL404)。
文摘Targeting Chang'E-8 mission'in-situ resource utilization(ISRU)for sustainable lunar habitats,laser powder bed fusion(LPBF)provides a viable pathway for in-situ additive manufacturing of lunar regolith.To elucidate mission relevant mechanical behavior and failure mechanisms of LPBF fabricated lunar regolith simulants,mare type and highland type simulant specimens were produced.Microstructural characterization,mechanical test coupled with three-dimensional digital image correlation(3D-DIC),and an energy-dissipation framework were employed for comprehensive analysis.The pristine highland specimens achieved 5.79 MPa and a peak strain of 0.13(50 mm×50 mm×30 mm),significantly outperforming their mare counterparts.Wire-cutting to 20 mm×20 mm×20 mm lowered strength by~20%and peak strain to 0.04,indicating cutting-induced defects reduce ductility.All specimens displayed multipeaked stress–strain curves.3D-DIC revealed band-type strain localization in pristine highland samples,diffuse strain patterns in cut highland samples,and highly tortuous,network-type bands in mare samples;the anisotropy index was also quantified.Fragmented particles exhibited fractal dimensions ranging from 1.6 to 2.0(size 1.25–9 mm).Energy evolution progressed through three distinct stages:elastic energy storage,progressive energy dissipation delaying crack propagation,and final unstable collapse.An energy-based damage model was established and validated.The data and methods developed support Chang'E-8 missions'ISRU demonstrations and establish a transferable framework toward sustainable lunar habitats.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51975524,52375067)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.Y23E050014).
文摘Magnetization convenience is crucial consideration for design of valve magnetic actuators.The existing repulsive-magnetic-coupling of 2D maglev valve is not oriented to the integral-magnetization-processes,resulting in the high assembly cost.This paper presents a novel tractive-magnetic-coupling(TMC)and its application on a 2D electro-hydraulic proportional flow valve(2D-EHPFV),whose configuration not only fulfill the requirements of 2D valve,but also oriented to integral-magnetization-process.To investigate the output torque of TMC,a detailed analytical model considering leakage flux,edge effect and tooth magnetic saturation is formulated based on the equivalent magnetic circuit method.To facilitate the magnetic saturation calculation,a special magnetic permeability database is established for tooth region of TMC using Ansoft/Maxwell software.Prototype of TMC is machined and an exclusive experimental platform is built.Torque-displacement characteristics under different working airgap and tooth number are measured.The experimental results are in good agreement with the analytical results,which verifies the correctness of the analytical model.Then the TMC is integrated into the 2D-EHPFV by replacing the repulsive-magnetic-coupling.Prototype of 2D-EHPFV is designed and manufactured to test the no-load flow characteristics,load flow characteristics,leakage characteristics,frequency characteristics and step response.Under working pressure of 15 MPa,the maximum no-load flow rate is 82.2 L/min with the hysteresis of 2.6%,and the amplitude and phase frequency width is 21.6 Hz,and 28.9 Hz.The detailed experimental results show that TMC can be applied to 2D valves to form 2D-EHPFV,which can reduce hysteresis and cost,and improve response speed.
基金supported by the Innovative Talent Project of Lanzhou City,Lanzhou Science and Technology Bureau(2022-RC-42)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Lanzhou University,China(lzujbky-2021-ey07,lzujbky-2024-it59,lzujbky-2025-it29)the Gansu Province Postgraduate Innovation Star Program(2025CXZX-018).
文摘Objective Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)is a major health concern in northwest China;however,the impact of particulate matter(PM)exposure during sand-dust storms(SDS)remains poorly understood.Therefore,this study aimed to investigate the association between PM exposure on SDS days and COPD hospitalization risk in arid regions.Methods Data on daily COPD hospitalizations were collected from 323 hospitals from 2018 to 2022,along with the corresponding air pollutant and meteorological data for each city in Gansu Province.Employing a space-time-stratified case-crossover design and conditional Poisson regression,we analyzed 265,379 COPD hospitalizations.Results PM exposure during SDS days significantly increased COPD hospitalization risk[relative risk(RR)for PM2.5,lag 3:1.028,95%confidence interval(CI):1.021–1.034],particularly among men and the elderly,and during the cold season.The burden of PM exposure on COPD hospitalization was substantially high in Northwest China,especially in the arid and semi-arid regions.Conclusion Our findings revealed a positive correlation between PM exposure during SDS episodes and elevated hospitalization rates for COPD in arid and semi-arid zones in China.This highlights the urgency of developing region-specific public health strategies to address adverse respiratory outcomes associated with SDS-related air quality deterioration.
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFF1100301)Major Science and Technology Project of Henan Province(231100310200)+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(32370426)Yunnan Province Science and Technology Department(202305AH340005),and Dr Plant。
文摘Medicinal and dietary plants provide numerous nutritional and functional compounds and also have various potential health benefits to humanity.The specific and efficient techniques for accurate identification of nutritional compounds and functional metabolites is crucial for the development of functional foods from medicinal and dietary plants.Nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)and mass spectrometry(MS)are indispensable and essential technologies that provide an unsurpassed wealth of untargeted identification,quantitative and qualitative analysis,and structural information in the study of food and plant products.In the past decade,the rapid development of modern analytical technology has led to the emergence of new approaches and strategies for natural products discovery.Especially the application of novel NMRand MS-based identification and dereplication strategies aided by artificial intelligence and machine learning algorithms have brought about a significant shift in the natural products discovery process.These developments and changes in the natural products filed have given us insights into how to accurately target and mining nutritional,functional,and bioactive compounds.Thus,we have summarized recent research on novel NMR and MS based strategies and methods focusing on functional compounds,accurate identification and efficient discovery mainly in medicinal and dietary plants.This review could provide a comprehensive perspective for a better understanding of novel strategies and methods based on NMR and MS technologies,which could provide valuable insights and ideas for functional compounds mining.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFF1100301)the Major Science and Technology Project of Henan Province(231100310200)+2 种基金Yunnan Applied Basic Research Project(202301AS070057)Yunnan Key Research and Development Projects(202305AH340005,202203AC100009,202003AD150012)Yunnan Characteristic Plant Screening and R&D Service CXO Platform(2022YKZY001)。
文摘Lipids are essential for normal life activities and biological functions of the human body,and disorders of lipid metabolism produce a lipotoxic environment,endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stress,inflammation,and cell death,which can lead to a variety of diseases in the body.It has been found that lipid metabolism disorders are closely associated with brain injury disease,cancer,metabolic disease,cardiovascular disease(CVD),respiratory disease and infectious disease.In recent years,many medicinal and edible plants such as Pueraria lobata,Gardenia jasminoides,Curcuma longa,citrus fruits,peanuts,etc.have shown great potential in regulating lipid metabolism and some of the hidden active components showed innovative mechanisms.AMPK,PPARy,SIRT1,Foxp3,NLRP3,and Keapl are increasingly recognized as therapeutic targets in the field of regulating lipid metabolism.This study aims to provide a comprehensive review of natural lipid-regulating modulators in medicinal and edible plants and their mechanism of actions,which offer valuable references for the discovery of natural lipid metabolism modulators and a therapeutic strategy for treatment of lipid metabolism-related diseases.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52025055,52375576,52350349)Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi(Program No.2022GXLH-01-12)+2 种基金Joint Fund of Ministry of Education for Equipment Pre-research(No.8091B03012304)Aeronautical Science Foundation of China(No.2022004607001)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.xtr072024031).
文摘Continuous monitoring of biosignals is essential for advancing early disease detection,personalized treatment,and health management.Flexible electronics,capable of accurately monitoring biosignals in daily life,have garnered considerable attention due to their softness,conformability,and biocompatibility.However,several challenges remain,including imperfect skin-device interfaces,limited breathability,and insufficient mechanoelectrical stability.On-skin epidermal electronics,distinguished by their excellent conformability,breathability,and mechanoelectrical robustness,offer a promising solution for high-fidelity,long-term health monitoring.These devices can seamlessly integrate with the human body,leading to transformative advancements in future personalized healthcare.This review provides a systematic examination of recent advancements in on-skin epidermal electronics,with particular emphasis on critical aspects including material science,structural design,desired properties,and practical applications.We explore various materials,considering their properties and the corresponding structural designs developed to construct high-performance epidermal electronics.We then discuss different approaches for achieving the desired device properties necessary for long-term health monitoring,including adhesiveness,breathability,and mechanoelectrical stability.Additionally,we summarize the diverse applications of these devices in monitoring biophysical and physiological signals.Finally,we address the challenges facing these devices and outline future prospects,offering insights into the ongoing development of on-skin epidermal electronics for long-term health monitoring.
基金financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20170549)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21706103)+1 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2019T120393)the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.2019K295)。
文摘The unique crystal structure and multiple redox couples of iron titanate(Fe_(2)TiO_(5)) provide it a high theoretical capacity and good cycling stability when used as an electrode. In this study, the electrospinning method is employed to synthesize one-dimensional(1 D) Fe_(2)TiO_(5) nanochains. The as-prepared Fe_(2)TiO_(5) nanochains exhibited superior specific capacity(500 mAh·g^(-1) at 0.10 A·g^(-1)),excellent rate performance(180 mAh·g^(-1) at 5.00 A·g^(-1)),and good cycling stability(retaining 100% of the initial specific capacity at a current density of 1.00 A·g^(-1) after1000 cycles). The as-assembled Fe_(2)TiO_(5)/SCCB lithiumion capacitor(LIC) also delivered a competitive energy density(137.8 Wh·kg^(-1))andpowerdensity(11,250 W·kg^(-1)). This study proves that the as-fabricated1 D Fe_(2)TiO_(5) nanochains are promising anode materials for high-performance LICs.
文摘Introduction:Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE)plus thermal ablation has been widely used recently in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).In this study,we aimed to compare results of the combination of TACE and percutaneous thermal ablation with those of hepatectomy in patients with HCC.Methods:The clinical data of 137 HCC patients who sequentially received TACE and computed tomography(CT)-guided percutaneous thermal ablation as an initial curative treatment(combination group)and 148 matched HCC patients who received hepatectomy(surgery group)between 2004 and 2011 were collected and analyzed.After TACE,multiphase contrast-enhanced CT was performed to identify the total number of tumors as well as lipiodol deposition in the liver.Survival was calculated by using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared by using the log-rank test.The prognostic factors were assessed with multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis.Results:Of all 285 patients,225(79.0%)had cancerous lesions≤5 cm in diameter.In preoperative contrast-enhanced CT or magnetic resonance imaging,the number of tumors was 1–4 for each patient.The 1-,3-,and 5-year overall survival rates were 95,74%,and 67%in the combination group and 88,66,and 47%in the surgery group,respectively(P=0.004);the corresponding recurrence-free survival rates for the two groups were 92,69,and 61%and 75,58,and44%,respectively(P=0.001).In the multivariate analysis,treatment allocation was an independent prognostic factor for survival.Only 60 patients in the combination group had sufficient imaging data,and 135 new lesions with lipiodol deposition were diagnosed as malignancies in 22 of 60 patients,whereas 20 new lesions were found in 11 of 148patients in the surgery group.Conclusion:The combination of TACE and CT-guided percutaneous thermal ablation for HCC improves survival of HCC patients compared with hepatectomy.
基金supported in part by NIH grants(NIH/NINDS R01NS060774NIH/NICHD/NCMRR R24 HD050821-08)under subcontract with the Rehabilitation Insti-tute of Chicago
文摘The effect of botulinum toxin type A injection on voluntary grip control was examined in a 53-year-old female,who sustained a hemorrhagic right middle cerebral artery stroke 3 years previously,which resulted in finger flexor spasticity and residual weak finger/wrist extension.The patient received 50 units of botulinum toxin type A injection each to the motor points(2 sites/muscle)of the left flexor digitorum superficialis and flexor digitorum profundus,respectively.Botulinum toxin injection led to weakness and tone reduction in the spastic finger flexors,but improved grip release time in grip initiation/release reaction time tasks.Improved release time was accompanied by shortened extensor electromyography activity,and improved release time likely correlated with blocked co-contraction of finger flexors during voluntary finger extension.This case report demonstrated that botulinum toxin injection improved voluntary motor control of the hand in a chronic stroke patient with residual finger extension.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51702155,51902036)the National Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars(21625401)+3 种基金the Jiangsu Provincial Founds for Natural Science Foundation(BK20170975)the Natural Science Fund for Colleges and Universities in Jiangsu Province(17KJB480007)the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2017YFA0207202 and 2017YFA0207201)the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing Science&Technology Commission(No.cstc2019jcyj-msxm X0144)。
文摘Lithium-sulfur battery(Li-S)is considered as one of the new-generation rechargeable batteries with high performance because of its extremely high theoretical capacity,energy density,environmental harmony and low cost.However,low electrical and ionic conductivity of sulfur,safety concerns and parasitic reaction generated by the dissolved polysulfide species in electrolyte hinder the commercialization of Li-S battery.Herein,we report a polyhedral porous structure comprising of carbon coating metal selenide nanoparticles(CoSe2/C),which could not only host sulfur for Li-S battery owing to its porous and conductive structure,but also mitigate the shuttle phenomenon by polysulfides adsorption and catalytic acceleration of redox kinetics.As a result,a performance enhanced CoSe2/C-S electrode for Li-S battery is achieved.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.62074018 and 62174015)the Developing Project of Science and Technology of Jilin Province (No.20200301052RQ)+1 种基金the Project of Education Department of Jilin Province (No.JJKH20210831KJ)the Science and Technology Foundation of State Grid Corporation of China (No. SGTJDK00DYJS2000148)
文摘In the field of glucose sensors,the development of inexpensive and high-efficiency electrochemical glucose sensors is the current research hotspot.In this paper,CuO-Co_(3)O_(4)composite with a prickly-sphere-like morphology is prepared by the facile hydrothermal method for the non-enzymatic electrochemical glucose detection.X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,energy-dispersive X-ray spec-troscopy,and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy are used to analyze the structure,composition,and morphology of the material.In addition,the electrochemical catalytic perfor-mance of CuO-Co_(3)O_(4)to glucose is obtained by cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry.The excellent elec-trochemical sensing performance may be attributed to the large number of catalytic sites in the prickly-sphere-like composite and the synergistic effect of Cu and Co.Under an applied voltage of 0.55 V,CuO-Co_(3)O_(4)composite shows sensitivity to glucose(1503.45μA·(mmol·L^(-1))^(-1)-cm^(-2)),a low detection limit(21.95μmol·L^(-1)),excellent selectivity,a high level of reproducibility,and good sta-bility.This indicates that the CuO-Co_(3)O_(4)composite has a broad prospect of non-enzymatic glucose sensing application.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52004117,52174117 and 51674132)the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China(2021T140290 and 2020M680975)the Discipline Innovation Team of Liaoning Technical University(LNTU20TD-03 and LNTU20TD-30).
文摘Coal and gas outburst is a complex dynamic disaster during coal underground mining.Revealing the disaster mechanism is of great signifcance for accurate prediction and prevention of coal and gas outburst.The geo-dynamic system of coal and gas outburst is proposed.The framework of geo-dynamic system is composed of gassy coal mass,geological dynamic environment and mining disturbance.Equations of stress–damage–seepage interaction for gassy coal mass is constructed to resolve the outburst elimination process by gas extraction with boreholes through layer in foor roadway.The results show the occurrence of outburst is divided into the evolution process of gestation,formation,development and termination of geo-dynamic system.The scale range of outburst occurrence is determined,which provides a spatial basis for the prevention and control of outburst.The formation criterion and instability criterion of coal and gas outburst are established.The formation criterion F1 is defned as the scale of the geo-dynamic system,and the instability criterion F2 is defned as the scale of the outburst geo-body.According to the geo-dynamic system,the elimination mechanism of coal and gas outburst—‘unloading+depressurization’is established,and the gas extraction by boreholes through layer in foor roadway for outburst elimination is given.For the research case,when the gas extraction is 120 days,the gas pressure of the coal seam is reduced to below 0.4 MPa,and the outburst danger is eliminated efectively.
基金supported by the Key Talent Project of Gansu Provincial Party Committee Organization Department Funding,China(2023RCXM23)the Industrial Support of Gansu Provincial Department of Education Funding,China(2021CYZC-55)the Key Research and Development Projects of Gansu Provincial Funding,China(21YF5NA090)。
文摘Salt stress is a typical abiotic stress in plants that causes slow growth,stunting,and reduced yield and fruit quality.Fertilization is necessary to ensure proper crop growth.However,the effect of fertilization on salt tolerance in grapevine is unclear.In this study,we investigated the effect of nitrogen fertilizer(0.01 and 0.1 mol L^(-1)NH_(4)NO_(3))application on the salt(200 mmol L^(-1)NaCl)tolerance of grapevine based on physiological indices,and transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses.The results revealed that 0.01 mol L^(-1)NH_(4)NO_(3) supplementation significantly reduced the accumulation of superoxide anion(O_(2)^(-)·),enhanced the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and peroxidase(POD),and improved the levels of ascorbic acid(AsA)and glutathione(GSH)in grape leaves compared to salt treatment alone.Specifically,joint transcriptome and metabolome analyses showed that the differentially expressed genes(DEGs)and differentially accumulated metabolites(DAMs)were significantly enriched in the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway(ko00941)and the flavone and flavonol biosynthesis pathway(ko00944).In particular,the relative content of quercetin(C00389)was markedly regulated by salt and nitrogen.Further analysis revealed that exogenous foliar application of quercetin improved the SOD and POD activities,increased the AsA and GSH contents,and reduced the H_(2)O_(2) and O_(2)^(-)·contents.Meanwhile,10 hub DEGs,which had high Pearson correlations(R^(2)>0.9)with quercetin,were repressed by nitrogen.In conclusion,all the results indicated that moderate nitrogen and quercetin application under salt stress enhanced the antioxidant system defense response,thus providing a new perspective for improving salt tolerance in grapes.
基金funded by General Project of Department of Education,Anhui Province(Grant No.KJ2015B016by)the Special Scientific Research Fund of Public Welfare Profession by National Health and Family Planning Commission of the PRC(Grant No.201402003)
文摘Objective:To study the influence of targeted inhibition of Notch1 gene on the killing effects of Paclitaxel on triple-negative breast cancer cells.Methods:The triple-negative [estrogen receptor(ER)/progesterone receptor(PR)/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(Her2)] breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 and ER/PR/HER-2-positive breast cancer cell line MCF-7 were cultured,transfected with Notch1-si RNA-overexpression plasmid and blank plasmid,and treated with different concentrations of paclitaxel,and then the cell proliferation activity and apoptosis rate as well as the m RNA expression of Caspase-3,Caspase-9 and Bcl-2 were determined.Results:Paclitaxel could decrease the MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cell proliferation activity as well as Bcl-2 mRNA expression,and increase MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cell apoptosis rate as well as Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 mRNA expression in dosedependent manners;with the same dose of paclitaxel treatment,the inhibitory effects on MDAMB-231 cell proliferation activity and Bcl-2 m RNA expression as well as the promoting effects on MDA-MB-231 cell apoptosis and mR NA expression of Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 were weaker than those on MCF-7 cell;after 0.5 μM paclitaxel combined with Notch1-siRNA treatment,MDA-MB-231 cell proliferation activity and Bcl-2 mRNA expression were significantly lower than those after 0.5 μM paclitaxel combined with control plasmid treatment while cell apoptosis rate and mR NA expression of Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 were higher than those after 0.5 μM paclitaxel combined with control plasmid treatment.Conclusions:Targeted inhibition of Notch1 gene may enhance the killing effects of paclitaxel on triple-negative breast cancer cells by up-regulating the expression of Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 and inhibiting the expression of Bcl-2.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 30472260the Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shandong Province, No. 2005-109
文摘AIM： To investigate whether supplementation of male zooid of Antheraea pernyi extracts （MZAPE） could enhance immune function of radiated tumor-bearing rats. METHODS： Eighty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into a control group, a simple radiation group, a MZAPE group, and a radiation plus MZAPE group. With the tumor model established by implanting Walker-256 ascites tumor cells, tumor weight and tumor control rate were calculated. The rats in the simple radiation and radiation plus MZAPE groups were underwent to radiation at 10 Gy within 2 d. In the MZAPE and radiation plus MZAPE groups, the MZAPE was gavaged at a dose of 16.53 mg/kg once a day for 7 d. T cell subsets in peripheral blood were determined by flow cytometry and the expression of IL-2, IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-10 in sera were determined by ELISA on the 8th d. RESULTS： The tumor weight of simple radiation group, MZAPE group and radiation plus MZAPE group was lower than that of control group （P 〈 0.01） and tumor control rates were 63.08% ± 6.43%, 69.86%± 7.12% and 35.30% ± 7.67%, respectively. CD^4＋ T and CD^8＋ T cells in the peripheral blood of the simple radiation group were fewer than in control group. In the MZAPE and radiation plus MZAPE groups, the number of CD^4＋ T cells was higher while CD^8＋ T cells was lower than in the control and simple radiation groups. Expression of IL-2 and INF-y in the radiation group was lower than in control group, and significantly enhanced during MZAPE therapy （P 〈 0.05）. Expression of IL-4 and IL-10 in the radiation group had no significant changes compared with the control group, and decreased significantly after MZAPE treatment （P 〈 0.01）. CONCLUSION： MZAPE administration may help improve the immune function of the radiated tumor-bearing rats and reverse the radiation-induced immune inhibition by promoting the proliferation of T helper cells and inducing the transdifferentiation from Th2 to Th1.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 30472260
文摘AIM： To study the effects of concentrated liquor from male zooid of Antheraea pernyion immunological mice.METHODS： For each experiment, 40 mice were randomly divided into normal saline group （control group） and three tested groups that were administered different dosages of concentrated liquor from male zooid of A. pernyiand food for 15 d. The typical FSR and HC50 value, monocybe-phagocytic exponent Kand emendated monocyte-phagocytic exponent were determined and calculated respectively.RESULTS： Alter 24 and 48 h, the FSR values of the three tested groups improved significantly in comparison to the conlyol group by variance analysis. The HCso values showed a significant difference between the high dosage group and the control group, as well as between the high dosage group and other two bested groups. The monocyte-phagocytic exponent Kand emendated exponent α showed rising tendencies, but no significant differences were found by variance analysis.CONCLUSION： The concentrated liquor from male zooid of A. pemyican significantly enhance cellular and humoral immune function in mice, but has no distinct influence on the monocyte-phagocytic system in mice.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21875091 and 51672114)the Shanghai Municipal Education Commission (QD2019008)。
文摘Germanium(Ge), an alloy-type anode material for lithium-ion batteries(LIBs), possesses many advantages such as high theoretical capacity and decent electrical conductivity. Nevertheless, its application is restricted by tremendous volume variation and tardy reaction kinetic during discharge/charge process.In this paper, the Ge/3DPG composites with Ge nanoparticles uniformly dispersed in 3D interconnected porous graphene(3DPG) skeleton are successfully prepared using a template-assisted in-situ reduction method. The unique 3D interconnected porous graphene can not only enhance the electronic conductivity and reaction kinetics of the materials, but also provide sufficient buffer space to effectively mitigate the volume expansion during cycling and strengthen the structural integrity. Moreover, the small-sized Ge nanoparticles in close conjunction with the 3D graphene can boost the surface-controlled reaction of the electrode, which contributes to a fast charge–discharge rate capability. The Ge/3DPG composite with optimized Ge/graphene mass ratio delivers high reversible specific capacity(1102 mAh g^(-1) after 100 cycles at 0.2 C), outstanding rate capability(494 mAh g^(-1) at 5 C), and admirable cycling stability(85.3% of capacity retention after 250 cycles at 0.5 C). This work provides a significant inspiration for the design and fabrication of advanced Ge-based anode materials for next-generation highperformance LIBs.
文摘Animal cells require extrinsic cues for growth, proliferation and survival. The propagation of Drosophila imaginal disc cells in vitro, for example, requires the supplementation of fly extract, the composition of which remains largely undefined. Here I report the biochemical purification of iron-loaded ferritin as an active ingredient of fly extract that is required for promoting the growth of clone 8 imaginal disc cells. Consistent with an essential role for iron- loaded ferritin in cultured cells, overexpression of ferritin or addition of iron in a nutrient-poor diet increases animal viability and body weight, promotes cell proliferation, and shortens the duration of postembryonic development. Conversely, overexpression of dominant-negative ferritin or addition of iron chelator causes the opposite effects. Fer- ritin mutant flies arrest development at the first-instar larval stage with a severe starvation phenotype reminiscent of that seen in starved larvae. I conclude that iron-loaded ferritin acts as an essential mitogen for cell proliferation and postembryonic development in Drosophila by maintaining iron homeostasis and antagonizing starvation response.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81802508 and No.81903398Chongqing Natural Science Foundation Program,No.CSTC2019JCYJ-MSXMX0466 and No.CSTB2022NSCQ-MSX0206+4 种基金The Research Start-up Fund for Introduction of Talents of Sichuan University,No.YJ2021112Medical Youth Innovation Research Project of Sichuan Province,No.Q21016Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan,No.2023NSFSC1927Sichuan Province Central Government Guide Local Science and Technology Development Project,No.2023ZYD0097"From 0 to 1"Innovation Project of Sichuan University,No.2023SCUH0026.
文摘BACKGROUND A body of evidence has suggested bidirectional relationships among gallstone disease(GSD),non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),and kidney stone disease(KSD).However,the results are inconsistent,and studies on this topic in China are relatively few.Our goal is to explore the bidirectional associations among these three diseases through a multicenter study,systematic review,and meta-analysis.AIM To explore the bidirectional associations among these three diseases through a multicenter study,systematic review,and meta-analysis.The results may help to investigate the etiology of these diseases and shed light on the individualized prevention of these three diseases.METHODS Subjects who participated in physical examinations in Beijing,Tianjin,Chongqing in China were recruited.Multivariable logistic regression was employed to explore the bidirectional relationships among GSD,KSD,and NAFLD.Systematic review and meta-analysis were initiated to confirm the epidemiologic evidence from previous observational studies.Furthermore,trial sequential analysis(TSA)was conducted to evaluate whether the evidence was sufficient and conclusive.RESULTS Significant bidirectional associations were detected among the three diseases,independent of potential confounding factors.The pooled results of the systematic review and meta-analysis also corroborated the aforementioned results.The combined evidence from the multicenter study and meta-analysis was significant[pooled odds ratio(OR)=1.42,95%CI:1.16-1.75,KSD→GSD;pooled OR=1.48,95%CI:1.31-1.67,GSD→KSD;pooled OR=1.31,95%CI:1.17-1.47,GSD→NAFLD;pooled OR=1.37,95%CI:1.26-1.50,NAFLD→GSD;pooled OR=1.28,95%CI:1.08-1.51,NAFLD→KSD;pooled OR=1.21,95%CI:1.16-1.25,KSD→NAFLD].TSA indicated that the evidence was sufficient and conclusive.CONCLUSION The present study presents relatively sufficient evidence for the positive bidirectional associations among GSD,KSD,and NAFLD.The results may provide clues for investigating the etiology of these three diseases and offer a guideline for identifying high-risk patients.
基金Supported by Grants from Science and Technology Projects of the Medicine and Health of Shandong Province,No.2013WS0362the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province of China,No.30810403081the Department of Science and Technology of Shandong Province of China,No.2011GGC03085
文摘AIM:To find potential mutable sites by detecting mutations of the candidate gene in a kindred with polycystic liver disease(PCLD).METHODS:First,we chose a kindred with PCLD and obtained five venous blood samples of this kindred after the family members signed the informed consent form.In the kindred two cases were diagnosed with PCLD,and the left three cases were normal individuals.All the blood samples were preserved at-85?℃.Second,we extracted the genomic DNA from the venous blood samples of the kindred using a QIAamp DNA Mini Kit and then performed long-range polymerase chain reaction(PCR)with different primers.The exons of PKD1 were all sequenced with the forward and reverse primers to ensure the accuracy of the results.Next,we purified the PCR products and directly sequenced them using Big Dye Terminator Chemistry version 3.1.The sequencing reaction was conducted with Biomek FX(Beckman).Finally,we analyzed the results.RESULTS:A total of 42 normal exons were identified in detecting mutations of the PKD1 gene.A synonymous mutation occurred in exon 5.The mutation was a homozygous T in the proband and was C in the reference sequence.This mutation was located in the third codon and did not change the amino acid encoded by the codon.Missense mutations occurred in exons 11 and 35.These mutations were located in the second codon;they changed the amino acid sequence and existed in the db SNP library.A nonsense mutation occurred in exon 15.The mutation was a heterozygous CT in the proband and was C in the referencesequence.This mutation was located in the first codon and resulted in a termination codon.This mutation had an obvious influence on the encoded protein and changed the length of the protein from 4303 to 2246amino acids.This was a new mutation that was not present in the db SNP library.CONCLUSION:The nonsense mutation of exon 15existed in the proband and in the third individual.Additionally,the proband was heterozygous for this mutation,so the mutable site was a pathogenic mutation.
