This article investigates the separated flow around the bent-nose biconic, in which the second ordered TVD(Total Variation Diminishing) method is applied. The governing cqua-tion is a thin layer Navier-Stokes equation...This article investigates the separated flow around the bent-nose biconic, in which the second ordered TVD(Total Variation Diminishing) method is applied. The governing cqua-tion is a thin layer Navier-Stokes equation. The surface pressure distribution at the leeward side is a little higher in the vicinity of the symmetrical plane. This seems to be caused by the development of the vortex at the leeward side due to the separated flow. The location of a separation line and the size are in very good agreement with the experiment. Also the secondary separation is captured very clearly.展开更多
Aerodynamic noise has been impairing the comfort of passengers in automobiles.Studies have shown that the aerodynamic noise is generated by the separation of the flow and the generation of the longitudinal vortex at t...Aerodynamic noise has been impairing the comfort of passengers in automobiles.Studies have shown that the aerodynamic noise is generated by the separation of the flow and the generation of the longitudinal vortex at the front pillar(A-pillar)and the door mirror.To remove the effects of the door mirror and extract the longitudinal vortex from A-pillar,studies employ the delta wing model.This research also employed the model and observed relations between the generated sound from the vortex at the A-pillar and the surface pressure fluctuation of the wing.The experiment was carried out in a wind tunnel of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency(JAXA)wind tunnel using the delta wing model.The radiated sound was measured using a far-field microphone to characterize the sound,and microphone array to conduct sound source exploration.Distribution of surface pressure fluctuation was measured using electret condenser microphones.Results showed that the radiated sound has a characteristic of dipole sound,and broadband sound from 1 kHz is radiated from the apex of the wing.Those indicate that sound generated from the apex of the delta wing was scattered at the surface of the delta wing,which follows the Lighthill-Curle theory.Surface pressure fluctuation with high fluctuation was distributed following the cone-like shape of the longitudinal vortex.Their peaks moved to the apex with the frequency increase.Coherence between far-field sound and surface pressure fluctuation was calculated.The point which is 70 mm inward from the apex showed higher value than those at the apex.As the diameter of the longitudinal vortex grows at the downstream,it is considered that a certain vortex scale radiates the most noise.展开更多
series of data samples was collected with the Belle Ⅱ detector at the SuperKEKB collider from March 2019 to June 2022.We determine the integrated luminosities of these data samples using three distinct methodologies ...series of data samples was collected with the Belle Ⅱ detector at the SuperKEKB collider from March 2019 to June 2022.We determine the integrated luminosities of these data samples using three distinct methodologies involving Bhabha(e^(+)e^(-)→e^(+)e^(-)(ny),digamma(e^(+)e^(-)→γγ(nγ),and dimuon(e^(+)e^(-)→μ^(+)μ^(-)(nγ)events.The total integrated luminosity obtained with Bhabha,digamma,and dimuon events is(426.88±0.03±2.61)fb^(-1),(429.28±0.03±2.62)fb^(-1),and(423.99±0.04±3.83)fb^(-1),where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic.The resulting total integrated luminosity obtained from the combination of the three methods is(427.87±2.01)fb^(-1).展开更多
From April to July 2018,a data sample at the peak energy of the T(4 S) resonance was collected with the Belle Ⅱ detector at the SuperKEKB electron-positron collider.This is the first data sample of the Belle Ⅱ exper...From April to July 2018,a data sample at the peak energy of the T(4 S) resonance was collected with the Belle Ⅱ detector at the SuperKEKB electron-positron collider.This is the first data sample of the Belle Ⅱ experiment.Using Bhabha and digamma events,we measure the integrated luminosity of the data sample to be(496.3±0.3±3.0) pb-1,where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic.This work provides a basis for future luminosity measurements at Belle Ⅱ.展开更多
文摘This article investigates the separated flow around the bent-nose biconic, in which the second ordered TVD(Total Variation Diminishing) method is applied. The governing cqua-tion is a thin layer Navier-Stokes equation. The surface pressure distribution at the leeward side is a little higher in the vicinity of the symmetrical plane. This seems to be caused by the development of the vortex at the leeward side due to the separated flow. The location of a separation line and the size are in very good agreement with the experiment. Also the secondary separation is captured very clearly.
文摘Aerodynamic noise has been impairing the comfort of passengers in automobiles.Studies have shown that the aerodynamic noise is generated by the separation of the flow and the generation of the longitudinal vortex at the front pillar(A-pillar)and the door mirror.To remove the effects of the door mirror and extract the longitudinal vortex from A-pillar,studies employ the delta wing model.This research also employed the model and observed relations between the generated sound from the vortex at the A-pillar and the surface pressure fluctuation of the wing.The experiment was carried out in a wind tunnel of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency(JAXA)wind tunnel using the delta wing model.The radiated sound was measured using a far-field microphone to characterize the sound,and microphone array to conduct sound source exploration.Distribution of surface pressure fluctuation was measured using electret condenser microphones.Results showed that the radiated sound has a characteristic of dipole sound,and broadband sound from 1 kHz is radiated from the apex of the wing.Those indicate that sound generated from the apex of the delta wing was scattered at the surface of the delta wing,which follows the Lighthill-Curle theory.Surface pressure fluctuation with high fluctuation was distributed following the cone-like shape of the longitudinal vortex.Their peaks moved to the apex with the frequency increase.Coherence between far-field sound and surface pressure fluctuation was calculated.The point which is 70 mm inward from the apex showed higher value than those at the apex.As the diameter of the longitudinal vortex grows at the downstream,it is considered that a certain vortex scale radiates the most noise.
基金supported by Higher Education and Science Committee of the Republic of Armenia(23LCG-1C011)Australian Research Council and Research(DP200101792,DP210101900,DP210102831,DE220100462,LE210100098,LE230100085)+41 种基金Austrian Federal Ministry of Education,Science and Research,Austrian Science Fund(P 34529,J 4731,J 4625,M 3153)Horizon 2020 ERC Starting(947006)“InterLeptons”Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada,Compute Canada and CANARIENational Key R&D Program of China(2022YFA1601903)National Natural Science Foundation of China(11575017,11761141009,11705209,11975076,12135005,12150004,12161141008,12175041)Natural Science Foundation Project of Shandong Province,China(ZR2022JQ02)the Czech Science Foundation(22-18469S)and Charles University Grant Agency(246122)European Research Council,Seventh Framework(PIEF-GA-2013-622527)Horizon 2020 ERC-Advanced(Grant Nos.267104 and 884719)Horizon 2020 ERC-Consolidator(819127)Horizon 2020 Marie Sklodowska-Curie Grant Agreement(700525)“NIOBE”and(101026516)Horizon 2020 Marie Sklodowska-Curie RISE project JENNIFER2 Grant Agreement(822070)(European grants)L'Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules(IN2P3)du CNRS and L'Agence Nationale de la Recherche(ANR)(ANR-21-CE31-0009)(France)BMBF,DFG,HGF,MPG,and AvH Foundation(Germany)Department of Atomic Energy under Project Identification(RTI 4002)Department of Science and Technology,and UPES SEED funding programs(UPES/R&D-SEED-INFRA/17052023/01,UPES/R&D-SOE/20062022/06)(India)Israel Science Foundation(2476/17)U.S.-Israel Binational Science Foundation(2016113)Israel Ministry of Science(3-16543)Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare and the Research Grants BELLE2Japan Society for the Promotion of Science,Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research(16H03968,16H03993,16H06492,16K05323,17H01133,17H05405,18K03621,18H03710,18H05226,19H00682,20H05850,20H05858,22H00144,22K14056,22K21347,23H05433,26220706,26400255)the Ministry of Education,Culture,Sports,Science,and Technology(MEXT)of JapanNational Research Foundation(NRF)of Korea(2016R1D1A1B02012900,2018R1A2B3003643,2018R1A6A1A06024970,2019R1I1A3A01058933,2021R1A6A1A03043957,2021R1F1A1060423,2021R1F1A1064008,2022R1A2C1003993,RS-2022-00197659)Radiation Science Research Institute,Foreign Large-Size Research Facility Application Supporting project,the Global Science Experimental Data Hub Center of the Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information and KREONET/GLORIADUniversiti Malaya RU grant,Akademi Sains Malaysia,and Ministry of Education MalaysiaFrontiers of Science Program(FOINS-296,CB-221329,CB-236394,CB-254409,CB-180023)SEP-CINVESTAV Research(237)(Mexico)the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education and the National Science Centerthe Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation and the HSE University Basic Research Program,MoscowUniversity of Tabuk Research(S-0256-1438,S-0280-1439)(Saudi Arabia)Slovenian Research Agency and Research(J1-9124,P1-0135)Agencia Estatal de Investigacion,Spain(RYC2020-029875-I)Generalitat Valenciana,Spain(CIDEGENT/2018/020)The Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation(Sweden),(2021.0174,2021.0299)National Science and Technology Council,and Ministry of EducationThailand Center of Excellence in PhysicsTUBITAK ULAKBIM(Turkey)National Research Foundation of Ukraine,(2020.02/0257)Ministry of Education and Science of Ukrainethe U.S.National Science Foundation and Research(PHY-1913789,PHY-2111604)the U.S.Department of Energy and Research Awards(DE-AC06-76RLO1830,DE-SC0007983,DESC0009824,DE-SC0009973,DE-SC0010007,DE-SC0010073,DE-SC0010118,DE-SC0010504,DE-SC0011784,DE-SC0012704,DE-SC0019230,DESC0021274,DE-SC0021616,DE-SC0022350,DE-SC0023470)the Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology(VAST)(NVCC.05.12/22-23,DL0000.02/24-25)。
文摘series of data samples was collected with the Belle Ⅱ detector at the SuperKEKB collider from March 2019 to June 2022.We determine the integrated luminosities of these data samples using three distinct methodologies involving Bhabha(e^(+)e^(-)→e^(+)e^(-)(ny),digamma(e^(+)e^(-)→γγ(nγ),and dimuon(e^(+)e^(-)→μ^(+)μ^(-)(nγ)events.The total integrated luminosity obtained with Bhabha,digamma,and dimuon events is(426.88±0.03±2.61)fb^(-1),(429.28±0.03±2.62)fb^(-1),and(423.99±0.04±3.83)fb^(-1),where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic.The resulting total integrated luminosity obtained from the combination of the three methods is(427.87±2.01)fb^(-1).
基金supported by the following funding sources:Science Committee of the Republic of Armenia Grant No.18T-1C180Australian Research Council and research grant Nos.DP180102629,DP170102389,DP170102204,DP150103061,FT130100303,and FT130100018+37 种基金Austrian Federal Ministry of Education,Science and Research,and Austrian Science Fund No.P 31361-N36Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada,Compute Canada and CANARIEChinese Academy of Sciences and research grant No.QYZDJ-SSW-SLH011National Natural Science Foundation of China and research grant Nos.11521505,11575017,11675166,11761141009,11705209,and 11975076LiaoNing Revitalization Talents Program under contract No.XLYC1807135Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Committee under contract No.19ZR1403000Shanghai Pujiang Program under Grant No.18PJ1401000the CAS Center for Excellence in Particle Physics(CCEPP)the Ministry of Education,Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic under Contract No.LTT17020Charles University grants SVV260448 and GAUK 404316European Research Council,7th Framework PIEF-GA-2013-622527Horizon 2020 Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No.700525’NIOBE,’Horizon 2020 Marie Sklodowska-Curie RISE project JENNIFER grant agreement No.644294Horizon 2020 ERC-Advanced Grant No.267104NewAve No.638528(European grants)L’Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules(IN2P3)du CNRS(France),BMBF,DFG,HGF,MPG and AvH Foundation(Germany)Department of Atomic Energy and Department of Science and Technology(India)Israel Science Foundation grant No.2476/17United States-Israel Binational Science Foundation grant No.2016113Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare and the research grants BELLE2Japan Society for the Promotion of Science,Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research grant Nos.16H03968,16H03993,16H06492,16K05323,17H01133,17H05405,18K03621,18H03710,18H05226,19H00682,26220706,and 26400255the National Institute of Informatics,and Science Information NETwork 5(SINET5)the Ministry of Education,Culture,Sports,Science,and Technology(MEXT)of JapanNational Research Foundation(NRF)of Korea Grant Nos.2016R1D1A1B01010135,2016R1D1A1B02012900,2018R1A2B3003643,2018R1A6A1A06024970,2018R1D1A1B07047294,2019K1A3A7A09033840,and 2019R1I1A3A01058933Radiation Science Research Institute,Foreign Large-size Research Facility Application Supporting project,the Global Science Experimental Data Hub Center of the Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information and KREONET/GLORIADUniversiti Malaya RU grant,Akademi Sains Malaysia and Ministry of Education MalaysiaFrontiers of Science Program contracts FOINS-296,CB-221329,CB-236394,CB-254409,and CB-180023,and the Thematic Networks program(Mexico)the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education and the National Science Centerthe Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation,Agreement14.W03.31.0026Slovenian Research Agency and research grant Nos.J1-9124 and P1-0135Agencia Estatal de Investigacion,Spain grant Nos.FPA2014-55613-P and FPA2017-84445-P,and CIDEGENT/2018/020 of Generalitat ValencianaMinistry of Science and Technology and research grant Nos.MOST106-2112-M-002-005-MY3 and MOST107-2119-M-002-035-MY3,and the Ministry of Education(Taiwan)Thailand Center of Excellence in PhysicsTUBITAK ULAKBIM(Turkey)Ministry of Education and Science of Ukrainethe US National Science Foundation and research grant Nos.PHY-1807007 and PHY-1913789the US Department of Energy and research grant Nos.DE-AC06-76RLO1830,DE-SC0007983,DE-SC0009824,DE-SC0009973,DE-SC0010073,DE-SC0010118,DE-SC0010504,DESC0011784,DE-SC0012704the National Foundation for Science and Technology Development(NAFOSTED)of Vietnam under grant No 103.99-2018.45
文摘From April to July 2018,a data sample at the peak energy of the T(4 S) resonance was collected with the Belle Ⅱ detector at the SuperKEKB electron-positron collider.This is the first data sample of the Belle Ⅱ experiment.Using Bhabha and digamma events,we measure the integrated luminosity of the data sample to be(496.3±0.3±3.0) pb-1,where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic.This work provides a basis for future luminosity measurements at Belle Ⅱ.
