Extracellularβ-amyloid(Aβ)plaques and neurofibrillary tangles(NFTs)are the pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease(AD).Studies have shown that aggregates of extracellular Aβcan induce neuroinflammation media...Extracellularβ-amyloid(Aβ)plaques and neurofibrillary tangles(NFTs)are the pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease(AD).Studies have shown that aggregates of extracellular Aβcan induce neuroinflammation mediated neurotoxic signaling through microglial activation and release of pro-inflammatory factors.Thus,modulation of Aβmight be a potential therapeutic strategy for modifying disease progression.Recently,a large number of reports have confirmed the beneficial effects of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)on AD.It is believed to reduce neuroinflammation,reduce Aβamyloid deposits and NFTs,increase acetylcholine levels,promote neurogenesis,reduce neuronal damage,and improve working memory and cognition.In this review,we focus on the role of MSCs in clearing Aβdeposition.MSCs have the potential to modulate Aβ-related microenvironments via enhancement of autophagy,proteolysis of Aβaggregates,phagocytic clearance of Aβby microglial M2 polarization,decrease oxidative stress(OS),and correction of abnormal sphingolipid(SL)metabolism.With advantages in clinical applications,these data suggest that the use of MSCs as a multi-target modulator of Aβwould be an effective therapeutic approach in AD.展开更多
In vitro maturation(IVM),a promising assisted reproductive technology(ART),has been evolving in clinical trials and applications.There is a huge potential demand for IVM in clinical practice because it reduces the sti...In vitro maturation(IVM),a promising assisted reproductive technology(ART),has been evolving in clinical trials and applications.There is a huge potential demand for IVM in clinical practice because it reduces the stimulation of gonadotropins to patients and provides evidence for the safety of neonatal birth.Unfortunately,the maturation rate of oocytes in vitro is not as high as it is in vivo due to a different microenvironment.Moreover,there are still controversies in predicting the developmental capability of oocytes in IVM.The granulosa cells(GCs)and cumulus cells(CCs),closely surrounding the oocytes,play a critical role in oocytes development,while some studies have shown that they can reflect the quality of oocytes.Many studies have been conducted in terms of oocyte quality in transcriptional level in GCs and CCs of mice,Xenopus africanus,and Homo sapiens,which provides important enlightenment for the successful clinical application of IVM.However,no comprehensive reviews about how gene expression profiles affect oocytes quality have been reported.This review aimed to elucidate the gene expression profiles of GCs and CCs that have effects on the quality and developmental competence of oocytes maturation in vitro.And we also put forward a possible idea for ART in the future,integrating all gene expression profiles of GCs and CCs and predicting the quality of the oocytes.展开更多
Objective:Weight loss in colorectal cancer(CRC)surgical patients is widespread and often associated with increased morbidity and mortality.This study aimed to determine whether pre-surgery nutrition intervention in CR...Objective:Weight loss in colorectal cancer(CRC)surgical patients is widespread and often associated with increased morbidity and mortality.This study aimed to determine whether pre-surgery nutrition intervention in CRC patients can reduce post-surgery weight loss and improve nutritional status and quality of life(Qo L).Methods:Sixty CRC patients undergoing elective surgery from November2018 to February 2021 were recruited.They were compared to a control group of 60 CRC patients extracted retrospectively from 2014.The intervention group received pre-surgery nutrition counselling and was followed up at 1,2,and 3 months after surgery,where their weights were taken and nutritional status was assessed using Subjective Global Assessment(SGA).Health-related Qo L was assessed using the 3-level Euro-Quality of Life5 Domain(EQ-5D-3L)questionnaire before surgery and at 3 months after surgery.The control group did not receive pre-surgery nutrition counselling.Results:At 3 months after surgery,the intervention group lost significantly less weight compared to the control group(p<0.001).Similar significant results were observed at 1 and 2 months after surgery(p<0.001).Fifty-two patients(91%)in the control group lost weight compared to 31 patients(53%)in the intervention group at 3 months after surgery(p<0.001).Within the intervention group,the post-surgery Quality of Life Visual Analogue Scale improved significantly from baseline(80%versus 75%,p=0.043).The SGA score at 3 months after surgery was similar to that of baseline(p=0.109).Conclusion:Pre-surgery nutrition intervention in patients with CRC and elective surgery has resulted in a significant reduction in post-surgery weight loss,improvement in Qo L,and maintenance of nutritional status.展开更多
基金supported by a grant from the National Science Foundation of China(No.82001326)Key R&D project of Shanxi Province(201803D31068)+1 种基金Applied Basic Research Project of Shanxi Province(201901D211319,201901D111384)Science and Technology Innovation Project of Colleges and Universities of Shanxi Province(2019L0445,2019L0418).
文摘Extracellularβ-amyloid(Aβ)plaques and neurofibrillary tangles(NFTs)are the pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease(AD).Studies have shown that aggregates of extracellular Aβcan induce neuroinflammation mediated neurotoxic signaling through microglial activation and release of pro-inflammatory factors.Thus,modulation of Aβmight be a potential therapeutic strategy for modifying disease progression.Recently,a large number of reports have confirmed the beneficial effects of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)on AD.It is believed to reduce neuroinflammation,reduce Aβamyloid deposits and NFTs,increase acetylcholine levels,promote neurogenesis,reduce neuronal damage,and improve working memory and cognition.In this review,we focus on the role of MSCs in clearing Aβdeposition.MSCs have the potential to modulate Aβ-related microenvironments via enhancement of autophagy,proteolysis of Aβaggregates,phagocytic clearance of Aβby microglial M2 polarization,decrease oxidative stress(OS),and correction of abnormal sphingolipid(SL)metabolism.With advantages in clinical applications,these data suggest that the use of MSCs as a multi-target modulator of Aβwould be an effective therapeutic approach in AD.
基金the Shanxi Province key research and development projects(No.201803D31068)Applied Basic Research Project of Shanxi Province(Nos.201801D121212,201901D211319,201901D111384)Science and Technology Innovation Project of Colleges and Universities in Shanxi Province(Nos.2019L0445,2019L0418).
文摘In vitro maturation(IVM),a promising assisted reproductive technology(ART),has been evolving in clinical trials and applications.There is a huge potential demand for IVM in clinical practice because it reduces the stimulation of gonadotropins to patients and provides evidence for the safety of neonatal birth.Unfortunately,the maturation rate of oocytes in vitro is not as high as it is in vivo due to a different microenvironment.Moreover,there are still controversies in predicting the developmental capability of oocytes in IVM.The granulosa cells(GCs)and cumulus cells(CCs),closely surrounding the oocytes,play a critical role in oocytes development,while some studies have shown that they can reflect the quality of oocytes.Many studies have been conducted in terms of oocyte quality in transcriptional level in GCs and CCs of mice,Xenopus africanus,and Homo sapiens,which provides important enlightenment for the successful clinical application of IVM.However,no comprehensive reviews about how gene expression profiles affect oocytes quality have been reported.This review aimed to elucidate the gene expression profiles of GCs and CCs that have effects on the quality and developmental competence of oocytes maturation in vitro.And we also put forward a possible idea for ART in the future,integrating all gene expression profiles of GCs and CCs and predicting the quality of the oocytes.
基金funded by the National University Health System(NUHS)Allied Health and Nursing Grant(NR17MRF1990M)
文摘Objective:Weight loss in colorectal cancer(CRC)surgical patients is widespread and often associated with increased morbidity and mortality.This study aimed to determine whether pre-surgery nutrition intervention in CRC patients can reduce post-surgery weight loss and improve nutritional status and quality of life(Qo L).Methods:Sixty CRC patients undergoing elective surgery from November2018 to February 2021 were recruited.They were compared to a control group of 60 CRC patients extracted retrospectively from 2014.The intervention group received pre-surgery nutrition counselling and was followed up at 1,2,and 3 months after surgery,where their weights were taken and nutritional status was assessed using Subjective Global Assessment(SGA).Health-related Qo L was assessed using the 3-level Euro-Quality of Life5 Domain(EQ-5D-3L)questionnaire before surgery and at 3 months after surgery.The control group did not receive pre-surgery nutrition counselling.Results:At 3 months after surgery,the intervention group lost significantly less weight compared to the control group(p<0.001).Similar significant results were observed at 1 and 2 months after surgery(p<0.001).Fifty-two patients(91%)in the control group lost weight compared to 31 patients(53%)in the intervention group at 3 months after surgery(p<0.001).Within the intervention group,the post-surgery Quality of Life Visual Analogue Scale improved significantly from baseline(80%versus 75%,p=0.043).The SGA score at 3 months after surgery was similar to that of baseline(p=0.109).Conclusion:Pre-surgery nutrition intervention in patients with CRC and elective surgery has resulted in a significant reduction in post-surgery weight loss,improvement in Qo L,and maintenance of nutritional status.
