To the Editor,A 42-year-old man presented with a 2-month history of a generalized scattered rash,accompanied by a 1-month history of polyarthralgia.Physical examination revealed enlargement of the right-sided axillary...To the Editor,A 42-year-old man presented with a 2-month history of a generalized scattered rash,accompanied by a 1-month history of polyarthralgia.Physical examination revealed enlargement of the right-sided axillary nodes and scat-tered red maculopapular rashes on the extended side of the metacarpophalangeal of both hands,the forehead,the inner canthus,under the nose,both auricles,and back.Periungual erythema and dark red punctate rash were also observed on the digits of the fingers.The rash did not elevate above the skin surface and did not fade upon pressure.展开更多
To the Editor:Primary Sjögren’s syndrome(pSS)is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by the infiltration of lymphocytes into dysfunctional exocrine glands.Since the inhibition of lymphotoxin(LT)in the init...To the Editor:Primary Sjögren’s syndrome(pSS)is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by the infiltration of lymphocytes into dysfunctional exocrine glands.Since the inhibition of lymphotoxin(LT)in the initial stages of pSS can significantly impede lymphocyte infiltration into the glands,early therapeutic intervention becomes more essential.[1]Therefore,it is critical for physicians to recognize and diagnose pSS at an early stage to ensure prompt and effective treatment.Previous study discovered that excessive follicular helper T(Tfh)cells supported autoantibody production in several autoimmune diseases.[2]Our previous study showed that activation of Tfh is positively associated with higher titers of autoantibodies and more severe manifestation in systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)patients.The pathogenesis role of Tfh cells in autoimmune diseases has been verified.[3]However,the results from pSS studies were inconsistent and controversial.To provide support for further research in pSS,this study focused on describing the profile of the main T helper cells,particularly Tfh cells,in patients with active pSS.展开更多
Peat soil is a loose,moisture-rich organic matter accumulation formed by the deposition of plants in swamps and lakes after their death.It is characterized by high moisture content,large void ratio,high compressibilit...Peat soil is a loose,moisture-rich organic matter accumulation formed by the deposition of plants in swamps and lakes after their death.It is characterized by high moisture content,large void ratio,high compressibility,and strong rheological properties.These characteristics result in a complex consolidation process.A systematic understanding of the consolidation mechanism of peat soil is essential for elucidating its consolidation behavior.Previous studies have failed to provide consistent information on the microscopic morphology of peat soil.Moreover,quantitative studies on pore structure changes during peat soil consolidation remain lacking.To resolve these research gaps,the microscopic morphology and pore types of peat,highly organic peaty soil,and medium organic peaty soil from certain regions of Yunnan province,China,were observed and analyzed using scanning electron microscopy.Additionally,quantitative research on pore structure changes during peat soil consolidation was conducted.The results show that the humic acid in peat soil of Yunnan province has no pores,and there is no pore between humic acid and clay minerals.There are three typical pore structures,and the three typical pores were quantitatively analyzed.During consolidation,the consolidation deformation of peat soil is primarily caused by the internal pore compression of plant residues and pores between plant residues.At the same time,the revelation of the differentiated influence mechanism of load levels on the compression of inter/intra-plant residue pores.The decrease in the proportion of pores between plant residues first increased and then decreased with an increase in load,reaching a peak between 100-200 kPa.The decrease in pores inside the plant residues increased with an increasing load.Additionally,pore compression between the plant residues under different load levels primarily caused the compression deformation of Dali peat during the primary consolidation stage.By contrast,the pore compression inside the plant residues primarily caused the compression deformation during the secondary consolidation stage.展开更多
基金supported by grants from the National Key R&D Program of China,Grant/Award Number:2022YFE0131700 and 2022YFC3602000the National Natural Science Foundation of China Grant/Award Number:82071813 and 82271835Beijing Nova Program Grant/Award Number:20220484206.
文摘To the Editor,A 42-year-old man presented with a 2-month history of a generalized scattered rash,accompanied by a 1-month history of polyarthralgia.Physical examination revealed enlargement of the right-sided axillary nodes and scat-tered red maculopapular rashes on the extended side of the metacarpophalangeal of both hands,the forehead,the inner canthus,under the nose,both auricles,and back.Periungual erythema and dark red punctate rash were also observed on the digits of the fingers.The rash did not elevate above the skin surface and did not fade upon pressure.
基金supported by grants from the National Key R&D Program of China(Nos.2022YFE0131700 and 2022YFC3602000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82071813)+1 种基金the Beijing SciTech Program(No.Z191100006619114)Clinical Medicine Plus X-Young scholars Project of Peking University(No.PKU2020LCXQ018).
文摘To the Editor:Primary Sjögren’s syndrome(pSS)is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by the infiltration of lymphocytes into dysfunctional exocrine glands.Since the inhibition of lymphotoxin(LT)in the initial stages of pSS can significantly impede lymphocyte infiltration into the glands,early therapeutic intervention becomes more essential.[1]Therefore,it is critical for physicians to recognize and diagnose pSS at an early stage to ensure prompt and effective treatment.Previous study discovered that excessive follicular helper T(Tfh)cells supported autoantibody production in several autoimmune diseases.[2]Our previous study showed that activation of Tfh is positively associated with higher titers of autoantibodies and more severe manifestation in systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)patients.The pathogenesis role of Tfh cells in autoimmune diseases has been verified.[3]However,the results from pSS studies were inconsistent and controversial.To provide support for further research in pSS,this study focused on describing the profile of the main T helper cells,particularly Tfh cells,in patients with active pSS.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2025JBZY019)the Funding of Key Research and Development Project of CCCC(2021-ZJKJ-18).
文摘Peat soil is a loose,moisture-rich organic matter accumulation formed by the deposition of plants in swamps and lakes after their death.It is characterized by high moisture content,large void ratio,high compressibility,and strong rheological properties.These characteristics result in a complex consolidation process.A systematic understanding of the consolidation mechanism of peat soil is essential for elucidating its consolidation behavior.Previous studies have failed to provide consistent information on the microscopic morphology of peat soil.Moreover,quantitative studies on pore structure changes during peat soil consolidation remain lacking.To resolve these research gaps,the microscopic morphology and pore types of peat,highly organic peaty soil,and medium organic peaty soil from certain regions of Yunnan province,China,were observed and analyzed using scanning electron microscopy.Additionally,quantitative research on pore structure changes during peat soil consolidation was conducted.The results show that the humic acid in peat soil of Yunnan province has no pores,and there is no pore between humic acid and clay minerals.There are three typical pore structures,and the three typical pores were quantitatively analyzed.During consolidation,the consolidation deformation of peat soil is primarily caused by the internal pore compression of plant residues and pores between plant residues.At the same time,the revelation of the differentiated influence mechanism of load levels on the compression of inter/intra-plant residue pores.The decrease in the proportion of pores between plant residues first increased and then decreased with an increase in load,reaching a peak between 100-200 kPa.The decrease in pores inside the plant residues increased with an increasing load.Additionally,pore compression between the plant residues under different load levels primarily caused the compression deformation of Dali peat during the primary consolidation stage.By contrast,the pore compression inside the plant residues primarily caused the compression deformation during the secondary consolidation stage.
