BACKGROUND Non-suicidal self-injury(NSSI)is common among adolescents with depressive disorders and poses a major public health challenge.Rumination,a key cognitive feature of depression,includes different subtypes tha...BACKGROUND Non-suicidal self-injury(NSSI)is common among adolescents with depressive disorders and poses a major public health challenge.Rumination,a key cognitive feature of depression,includes different subtypes that may relate to NSSI through distinct psychological mechanisms.However,how these subtypes interact with specific NSSI behaviors remains unclear.AIM To examine associations between rumination subtypes and specific NSSI behaviors in adolescents.METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study with 305 hospitalized adolescents diagnosed with depressive disorders.The subjects ranged from 12-18 years in age.Rumi-nation subtypes were assessed using the Ruminative Response Scale,and 12 NSSI behaviors were evaluated using a validated questionnaire.Network analysis was applied to explore symptom-level associations and identify central symptoms.RESULTS The network analysis revealed close connections between rumination subtypes and NSSI behaviors.Brooding was linked to behaviors such as hitting objects and burning.Scratching emerged as the most influential NSSI symptom.Symptomfocused rumination served as a key bridge connecting rumination and NSSI.CONCLUSION Symptom-focused rumination and scratching were identified as potential intervention targets.These findings highlight the psychological significance of specific cognitive-behavioral links in adolescent depression and suggest directions for tailored prevention and treatment.However,the cross-sectional,single-site design limits causal inference and generalizability.Future longitudinal and multi-center studies are needed to confirm causal pathways and verify the generalizability of the findings to broader adolescent populations.展开更多
(±)-Crataegusnorin A(la/1b) and B(2a/2b),two pairs of rare 8,9’-epoxy-type norlignan enantiomers featuring a y-butyrolactone ring,were isolated from the fruit of Crataegus pinnatifida.Their structures were deter...(±)-Crataegusnorin A(la/1b) and B(2a/2b),two pairs of rare 8,9’-epoxy-type norlignan enantiomers featuring a y-butyrolactone ring,were isolated from the fruit of Crataegus pinnatifida.Their structures were determined via extensive spectroscopic analyses.Gauge-independent atomic orbital(GIAO) NMR chemical shift calculations,combined with the advanced statistical method DP4+were employed to establish the relative configurations of four compounds.Next,chiral separation was accomplished by chiral chromatographic column and the absolute configurations of the four compounds were unambiguously assigned by comparison between their experimental electronic circular dichroism curves with the quantum-mechanically calculated curves based on time-dependent density functional theory(TDDFT).All the isolates were evaluated fo r their neuroprotective activities against H2O2-induced cell injury in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells.The results showed that two pairs of enantiomers 1a/1b and 2a/2b displayed diff;erent effect on neuroprotective activity.Among them,compound 2a displayed the most potent neuroprotective effect Further flow cytometry analysis indicated that 2a could protect SH-SY5Y cells from oxidative damage through inhibiting cell apoptosis.展开更多
A full understanding of adaptive genetic variation at the genomic level will help address questions of how organisms adapt to diverse climates.Actinidia eriantha is a shade-tolerant species,widely distributed in the s...A full understanding of adaptive genetic variation at the genomic level will help address questions of how organisms adapt to diverse climates.Actinidia eriantha is a shade-tolerant species,widely distributed in the southern tropical region of China,occurring in spatially heterogeneous environments.In the present study we combined population genomic,epigenomic,and environmental association analyses to infer population genetic structure and positive selection across a climatic gradient,and to assess genomic offset to climatic change for A.eriantha.The population structure is strongly shaped by geography and influenced by restricted gene f low resulting from isolation by distance due to habitat fragmentation.In total,we identified 102 outlier loci and annotated 455 candidate genes associated with the genomic basis of climate adaptation,which were enriched in functional categories related to development processes and stress response;both temperature and precipitation are important factors driving adaptive variation.In addition to single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs),a total of 27 single-methylation variants(SMVs)had significant correlation with at least one of four climatic variables and 16 SMVswere located in or adjacent to genes,several of whichwere predicted to be involved in plant response to abiotic or biotic stress.Gradient forest analysis indicated that the central/east populations were predicted to be at higher risk of future population maladaptation under climate change.Our results demonstrate that local climate factors impose strong selection pressures and lead to local adaptation.Such information adds to our understanding of adaptive mechanisms to variable climates revealed by both population genome and epigenome analysis.展开更多
The Abelmoschus esculentus(L.)Moench was previously reported to have various phytochemicals.Chemical fractionation yielded from the ethanolic extract of the A.esculentus ten compounds,including four alkaloids(4-6,8)an...The Abelmoschus esculentus(L.)Moench was previously reported to have various phytochemicals.Chemical fractionation yielded from the ethanolic extract of the A.esculentus ten compounds,including four alkaloids(4-6,8)and six phenolic acids(1-3,7,9-10).The structures of the compounds were elucidated through extensive spectra analyses and comparison of the experimental data with reported data.It is worth mentioning that compounds 1,2 and 5-10 were isolated from Abelmoschus esculentus(L.)for the first time.展开更多
Ten phenolic compounds(1a/1b,2–9)including a pair of enantiomers(1a/1b),along with eight analogues(2–9)were isolated from the fruit of Crataegus pinnatifida.Enantiomers 1a/1b were separated successfully by chiral ch...Ten phenolic compounds(1a/1b,2–9)including a pair of enantiomers(1a/1b),along with eight analogues(2–9)were isolated from the fruit of Crataegus pinnatifida.Enantiomers 1a/1b were separated successfully by chiral chromatographic column.Their structures were established by comprehensive spectroscopic analyses,and the absolute configurations of enantiomers were determined by comparison between the experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism(ECD)spectra.In addition,all isolates were investigated for their neuroprotective effects against H2O2–induced oxidative stress in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells.It was found that enantiomers 1a and 1b displayed significant neuroprotective activities but no enantioselectivity.In addition,compounds 3–6 showed obvious neuroprotective effects at different concentrations,while compound 8 exhibited potential neuroprotective effect at higher concentration(50μmol/L).展开更多
目的:探讨闭角型青光眼患者红细胞免疫功能与血清促红细胞生成素(EPO)和血浆内皮素-1(ET-1)的相关性。方法:选取2017-06/10期间我院收治的闭角型青光眼患者30例(病例组)与眼部正常者30例(对照组)为研究对象。测定并比较两组受试者红细...目的:探讨闭角型青光眼患者红细胞免疫功能与血清促红细胞生成素(EPO)和血浆内皮素-1(ET-1)的相关性。方法:选取2017-06/10期间我院收治的闭角型青光眼患者30例(病例组)与眼部正常者30例(对照组)为研究对象。测定并比较两组受试者红细胞免疫功能、血清EPO和血浆ET-1浓度,分析之间的相关性。结果:病例组受试者红细胞C3b受体花环率明显低于对照组(10.81%±2.01%vs 18.06%±3.44%),红细胞免疫复合物花环率明显高于对照组(17.21±3.49%vs 11.74±2.14%),血清EPO浓度明显高于对照组(26.10±5.22 mU/mL vs 22.68±4.06mU/mL),血浆ET-1浓度明显高于对照组(70.85±7.16ng/L vs 58.43±5.09ng/L)。闭角型青光眼患者红细胞C3b受体花环率与血清EPO浓度呈显著正相关(r=0.271,P<0.05),与血浆ET-1浓度无明显相关性。结论:闭角型青光眼患者红细胞免疫功能与血清EPO浓度呈正相关。展开更多
Aluminium(Al)toxicity is one of the key factors limiting crop output in acidic soils,but until now little has been known about how Al is regulated transcriptionally in plants.This study identified Arabidopsis NAC tran...Aluminium(Al)toxicity is one of the key factors limiting crop output in acidic soils,but until now little has been known about how Al is regulated transcriptionally in plants.This study identified Arabidopsis NAC transcription factor ANAC050 in the regulation of Al tolerance.ANAC050 was located in the nucleus and displayed constitutive expression in the silique,flower,leaf,stem,and root,despite the fact that Al stress decreased its expression and protein accumulation.When compared with the Columbia ecotype wild-type,anac050 mutants that lacked function of ANAC050 exhibited Al sensitivity phenotype,while transgenic lines that overexpressed ANAC050 showed an Al-resistant phenotype,indicating the favorable influence of ANAC050 on preserving Al tolerance in plants.Further analysis indicated that anac050 mutants accumulated more Al in roots,implying that ANAC050 may confer a potential operation of an Al exclusion mechanism.Interestingly,anac050 mutants had down-regulated the expression of the genes encoding MULTIDRUG AND TOXIC COMPOUND EXTRUSION(MATE)and AL-ACTIVATED MALATE TRANSPORTER(ALMT1),which were involved in the secretion of citrate and malate,even though there was no evidence of a direct interaction between them,suggesting ANAC050 may mediate the secretion of citrate and malate indirectly.Together with the decreased hemicellulose content,lower Al content was also discovered in root cell walls and hemicelluloses of anac050 mutants,pointing to a potential interaction between ANAC017 and XYLOGLUCAN ENDOTRANSGLUCOSYLASE/HYDROLASE(XTH).Although there was no evidence of a direct interaction between ANAC050 and XTH31,it is worth mentioning that the expression of XTH31,which is essential for xyloglucan modification,was down-regulated in anac050 mutants irrespective of the amount of Al given.In conclusion,our findings showed that ANAC050 contributed to Al resistance by indirect control of the release of organic acids and the accumulation of cell wall hemicelluloses.展开更多
BACKGROUND Benign laryngotracheal stenosis(LTS)is a condition characterized by mucosal inflammation and fibrosis.It is difficult to treat with a high incidence rate.Respiratory distress and voice disorders of varying ...BACKGROUND Benign laryngotracheal stenosis(LTS)is a condition characterized by mucosal inflammation and fibrosis.It is difficult to treat with a high incidence rate.Respiratory distress and voice disorders of varying severity also affect patients'sleep quality and quality of life.AIM To investigate the association between anxiety and depression and sleep quality in patients with benign LTS and identify significant risk factors for sleep disorders.METHODS This retrospective cohort study enrolled 127 consecutive patients with benign LTS admitted to The First People's Hospital of Changde City between January 2021 and January 2024.Comprehensive assessments included demographic collection and Pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI),self-rating anxiety scale(SAS),and selfrating depression scale(SDS)scoring.Correlation analyses were conducted to examine relationships between psychological measures and sleep parameters,followed by multivariate logistic regression to determine independent risk factors.RESULTS The cohort demonstrated significantly impaired sleep quality(mean PSQI,7.79±2.47),with 48.0%(n=61)meeting the criteria for clinically significant sleep disturbance.The scores of all PSQI dimensions,as well as SAS and SDS scores of patients with LTS,significantly exceeded Chinese normative values.Strong positive correlations emerged between PSQI scores and both SAS and SDS measures.Multivariate logistic analysis identified middle age(41-50 years),multiple surgical interventions(≥3 procedures),lower socioeconomic status(monthly household income per capita≤5000 RMB),and concurrent anxiety/depression as independent predictors of sleep disturbance.CONCLUSION The results demonstrate a high prevalence of sleep disorders and comorbid anxiety or depressive moods among patients with LTS.These psychological factors both correlate with and independently predict sleep impairment.These results underscore the need for integrated and proactive approaches addressing both physical and mental health components in LTS management,focusing on high-risk subgroups stratified based on age,monthly household income per capita,anxiety/depression status,and number of prior surgeries.展开更多
This work presents the modified precipitation behavior of the β phase in a Mg-8.0Al-0.5Zn-0.2Mn-0.4Ce alloy(wt%,designated as AZ80+0.4%Ce),which has been subjected to room-temperature pre-compression and a subsequent...This work presents the modified precipitation behavior of the β phase in a Mg-8.0Al-0.5Zn-0.2Mn-0.4Ce alloy(wt%,designated as AZ80+0.4%Ce),which has been subjected to room-temperature pre-compression and a subsequent dual-stage aging treatment,thereby imparting it with the pronounced basal texture.It was found that the synergistic application of pre-compression and dual-stage aging protocol markedly accelerates the age-hardening response and architecture of the continuous precipitates(CPs)in the present AZ80+0.4%Ce alloy.Consequently,this alloy achieves an exceptional balance between strength and ductility,boasting a yield strength of approximately 229.0 MPa alongside an elongation of around 7.0%.A series of microstructural characterizations reveal that high-density intragranular dislocations introduced by pre-compression serve as catalysts for the preferential formation of CPs over the discontinuous precipitates,effectively suppressing the latter.Notably,this also facilitates static recrystallization,which refines the grain structure and alleviates the residual stresses induced by deformation,further enhancing the mechanical properties.This research contributes a novel perspective to the thermomechanical processing design of precipitation-hardened lightweight alloys,offering a pathway to optimize their performance through tailored thermomechanical strategies.展开更多
BACKGROUND Glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c),the gold standard for assessing glycemic control,has limited ability to reflect the risks of hypoglycemia and glycemic variability,raising great concerns,especially in patients wi...BACKGROUND Glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c),the gold standard for assessing glycemic control,has limited ability to reflect the risks of hypoglycemia and glycemic variability,raising great concerns,especially in patients with type 1 diabetes(T1D).The glycemia risk index(GRI),a composite metric derived from continuous glucose monitoring(CGM),has emerged as a potential solution by systematically in-tegrating both hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia risks into a single interpretable score.The GRI exhibited linear correlations with HbA1c(r=0.53),time in range(r=-0.90),time above range(r=0.63),time below range(TBR)(r=0.37),and co-efficient of variation(CV)(r=0.71).It correlated strongly with TBR and CV than HbA1c.The association between HbA1c levels and GRI was influenced by TBR and CV.At a given HbA1c,each 1%increase in TBR or CV raised GRI by 1.87[95%confidence interval(CI):1.72-2.01]and 1.94(95%CI:1.80-2.10),respectively(P<0.001).Clustering of the CGM data identified four subgroups:Moderate-risk glycemic fluctuations,high-risk hypoglycemia,optimal glycemic control,and high-risk hyperglycemia.The GRI and its components for hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia could distinguish between these subgroups.CONCLUSION The GRI offers a comprehensive view of glycemic control in T1D.Combining HbA1c with the GRI enables accurate assessment for managing glycemic control in patients with T1D.展开更多
Objective To develop an onset risk prediction nomogram for patients with homocysteine-type(H-type)hypertension(HTH)based on pulse diagram parameters to assist early clinical prediction and diagnosis of HTH.Methods Pat...Objective To develop an onset risk prediction nomogram for patients with homocysteine-type(H-type)hypertension(HTH)based on pulse diagram parameters to assist early clinical prediction and diagnosis of HTH.Methods Patients diagnosed with essential hypertension and admitted to Shanghai Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shang-hai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,and Shanghai Hospital of Integrated Tradition-al Chinese and Western Medicine from July 6th 2020 to June 16th 2021,and from August 11th 2023 to January 22nd 2024,were enrolled in this retrospective research.The baselines and clinical biochemical indicators of patients were collected.The SMART-I TCM pulse instru-ment was applied to gather pulse diagram parameters.Multivariate logistic regression was adopted to analyze the risk factors for HTH.RStudio was employed to construct the nomo-gram model,receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve,and calibration curve(bootstrap self-sampling 200 times),and clinical decision curve were drawn to evaluate the model’s dis-crimination and clinical effectiveness.Results A total of 168 hospitalized patients with essential hypertension were selected and di-vided into non-HTH group(n=29)and HTH group(n=139).Compared with non-HTH group,HTH group had a lower body mass index(BMI),and higher proportions of male pa-tients and drinkers(P<0.05).The ventricular wall thickening(VWT)could not be deter-mined.The proportions of left common carotid intima-media wall thickness(LCCIMWT)and serum creatinine(SCR)were higher in HTH group(P<0.05).The pulse diagram parameter As was significantly higher,and H4/H1 and T1/T were lower in HTH group(P<0.05).Gender,al-cohol consumption,serum creatinine,and the pulse diagram parameter H4/H1 were identi-fied as independent risk factors for HTH(P<0.05).The nomogram’s area under the ROC curve(AUC)was 0.795[95%confidence interval(CI):(0.7066,0.8828)],with a specificity of 0.724 and sensitivity of 0.799.After 200 times repeated bootstrap self-samplings,the calibra-tion curve showed that the simulated curve fits well with the actual curve(x^(2)=9.5002,P=0.3019).The clinical decision curve indicated that the nomogram’s applicability was optimal when the threshold for predicting HTH was between 0.38 and 1.00.Conclusion The nomogram model could be valuable for predicting the onset risk of HTH and pulse diagram parameters can facilitate early screening and prevention of HTH.展开更多
In this paper,three magnetrons with each of them having specifically designed multiple coupling ports,which deliver specific power distribution for developing a magnetron array based on efficient phase locking between...In this paper,three magnetrons with each of them having specifically designed multiple coupling ports,which deliver specific power distribution for developing a magnetron array based on efficient phase locking between them,are proposed to produce high powerμs-level pulses.To demonstrate the effectiveness of the magnetron with one and two coupling ports as a unit for efficient phase locking,we designed experimentally the coupling ports delivering~10%(the power distribution ratio)of the output power of the magnetron for coupling with other magnetron units.The effect of one and two coupling ports on the operating capability,including the power distribution ratio,anode current and frequency,is demonstrated by establishing an equivalent experimental model which can characterize an ideal operation of the array.The experimental results show that the power distribution ratio is~9%for the magnetron with one coupling port,and~12.5%(coupling port 1,2)for the magnetron with two coupling ports.This shows good uniformity of the coupling capability of the two coupling ports and provides guidance for optimizing the power distribution ratio of multiport magnetron units,which are critical for efficient phase locking in the proposed array in future and higher power arrays.展开更多
Autism spectrum disorder(ASD)is a neurodevelopmental disorder influenced by genes and the environment.This study investigated the protective effects of bovine milk fat globule membrane(BMFGM)and goat milk fat globule ...Autism spectrum disorder(ASD)is a neurodevelopmental disorder influenced by genes and the environment.This study investigated the protective effects of bovine milk fat globule membrane(BMFGM)and goat milk fat globule membrane(GMFGM)supplementation on ASD model mice.Analysis of phospholipid composition showed higher levels of phosphatidylcholine in BMFGM and phosphatidylethanolamine in GMFGM.Behavioral results indicated MFGMs ameliorated social deficits,with GMFGM being more effective.Milk fat globule membrane(MFGM)mitigated neuroinflammation by suppressing microglial overactivation and proinflammatory cytokines expression,meanwhile GMFGM increased the anti-inflammatory factor interleukin(IL)-10.MFGMs also altered gut microbiota composition and maintained gut barrier integrity.Uniquely,GMFGM increased butyrate production.Correlation analysis revealed positive associations between social behavior,levels of phosphatidylcholine,sphingomyelin,and the abundance of Allobaculum,Clostridium_sensu_stricto,and Turicibacter.Overall,these findings revealed the protective effects of MFGMs on neurodevelopment in ASD animal models and the underlying mechanism could be partly explained by their regulation of gut microbiota by the phospholipid components in MFGM.展开更多
Noise pollution has been shown to affect wild animals in various ways,but little is known about its consequences at the community level.Investigating animals’overall vocal responses to noise across multiple sympatric...Noise pollution has been shown to affect wild animals in various ways,but little is known about its consequences at the community level.Investigating animals’overall vocal responses to noise across multiple sympatric species can reveal the complex nature of noise impacts butis challenging.In this study,we employed social network analysis(SNA)to evaluate how anuran communities and populations vary their calling behaviors in response to aircraft noise.SNA of anuran communities revealed that conspecifc individuals increase the aggregation of theirspectral(i.e.,minimum frequency,maximum frequency,and dominant frequency),temporal(call duration,call rate,and call effort),and overallspectral-temporal features as an airplane passes through.SNA of populations also revealed that anurans could increase the interindividual similarity of multiple call characteristics in response to airplane noise.Furthermore,our network analysis of multiple species and multiple call traitsrevealed an effect of noise in species whose calling behavior did not change in previous separate analyses of each species and single traits.Thisstudy suggests that noise pollution may change the pattern of combined acoustic properties at the community level.Our fndings highlight theimportance of integrated methods and theories for understanding the ecological consequences of noise pollution in future studies.展开更多
基金Supported by Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province,China,No.2024SF-YBXM-078.
文摘BACKGROUND Non-suicidal self-injury(NSSI)is common among adolescents with depressive disorders and poses a major public health challenge.Rumination,a key cognitive feature of depression,includes different subtypes that may relate to NSSI through distinct psychological mechanisms.However,how these subtypes interact with specific NSSI behaviors remains unclear.AIM To examine associations between rumination subtypes and specific NSSI behaviors in adolescents.METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study with 305 hospitalized adolescents diagnosed with depressive disorders.The subjects ranged from 12-18 years in age.Rumi-nation subtypes were assessed using the Ruminative Response Scale,and 12 NSSI behaviors were evaluated using a validated questionnaire.Network analysis was applied to explore symptom-level associations and identify central symptoms.RESULTS The network analysis revealed close connections between rumination subtypes and NSSI behaviors.Brooding was linked to behaviors such as hitting objects and burning.Scratching emerged as the most influential NSSI symptom.Symptomfocused rumination served as a key bridge connecting rumination and NSSI.CONCLUSION Symptom-focused rumination and scratching were identified as potential intervention targets.These findings highlight the psychological significance of specific cognitive-behavioral links in adolescent depression and suggest directions for tailored prevention and treatment.However,the cross-sectional,single-site design limits causal inference and generalizability.Future longitudinal and multi-center studies are needed to confirm causal pathways and verify the generalizability of the findings to broader adolescent populations.
基金supported by Career Development Support Plan for Young and Middle-aged Teachers in Shenyang Pharmaceutical University(No.ZQN2018006)the Project of Innovation Team Foundation(No.LT2015027)。
文摘(±)-Crataegusnorin A(la/1b) and B(2a/2b),two pairs of rare 8,9’-epoxy-type norlignan enantiomers featuring a y-butyrolactone ring,were isolated from the fruit of Crataegus pinnatifida.Their structures were determined via extensive spectroscopic analyses.Gauge-independent atomic orbital(GIAO) NMR chemical shift calculations,combined with the advanced statistical method DP4+were employed to establish the relative configurations of four compounds.Next,chiral separation was accomplished by chiral chromatographic column and the absolute configurations of the four compounds were unambiguously assigned by comparison between their experimental electronic circular dichroism curves with the quantum-mechanically calculated curves based on time-dependent density functional theory(TDDFT).All the isolates were evaluated fo r their neuroprotective activities against H2O2-induced cell injury in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells.The results showed that two pairs of enantiomers 1a/1b and 2a/2b displayed diff;erent effect on neuroprotective activity.Among them,compound 2a displayed the most potent neuroprotective effect Further flow cytometry analysis indicated that 2a could protect SH-SY5Y cells from oxidative damage through inhibiting cell apoptosis.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grants 31770374 and 32070377)the Key Projects of the Joint Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant U1802232).
文摘A full understanding of adaptive genetic variation at the genomic level will help address questions of how organisms adapt to diverse climates.Actinidia eriantha is a shade-tolerant species,widely distributed in the southern tropical region of China,occurring in spatially heterogeneous environments.In the present study we combined population genomic,epigenomic,and environmental association analyses to infer population genetic structure and positive selection across a climatic gradient,and to assess genomic offset to climatic change for A.eriantha.The population structure is strongly shaped by geography and influenced by restricted gene f low resulting from isolation by distance due to habitat fragmentation.In total,we identified 102 outlier loci and annotated 455 candidate genes associated with the genomic basis of climate adaptation,which were enriched in functional categories related to development processes and stress response;both temperature and precipitation are important factors driving adaptive variation.In addition to single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs),a total of 27 single-methylation variants(SMVs)had significant correlation with at least one of four climatic variables and 16 SMVswere located in or adjacent to genes,several of whichwere predicted to be involved in plant response to abiotic or biotic stress.Gradient forest analysis indicated that the central/east populations were predicted to be at higher risk of future population maladaptation under climate change.Our results demonstrate that local climate factors impose strong selection pressures and lead to local adaptation.Such information adds to our understanding of adaptive mechanisms to variable climates revealed by both population genome and epigenome analysis.
文摘The Abelmoschus esculentus(L.)Moench was previously reported to have various phytochemicals.Chemical fractionation yielded from the ethanolic extract of the A.esculentus ten compounds,including four alkaloids(4-6,8)and six phenolic acids(1-3,7,9-10).The structures of the compounds were elucidated through extensive spectra analyses and comparison of the experimental data with reported data.It is worth mentioning that compounds 1,2 and 5-10 were isolated from Abelmoschus esculentus(L.)for the first time.
基金This work was supported by Career Development Support Plan for Young and Middle-aged Teachers in Shenyang Pharmaceutical University(ZQN2018006)the Project of Innovation Team Foundation(LT2015027).
文摘Ten phenolic compounds(1a/1b,2–9)including a pair of enantiomers(1a/1b),along with eight analogues(2–9)were isolated from the fruit of Crataegus pinnatifida.Enantiomers 1a/1b were separated successfully by chiral chromatographic column.Their structures were established by comprehensive spectroscopic analyses,and the absolute configurations of enantiomers were determined by comparison between the experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism(ECD)spectra.In addition,all isolates were investigated for their neuroprotective effects against H2O2–induced oxidative stress in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells.It was found that enantiomers 1a and 1b displayed significant neuroprotective activities but no enantioselectivity.In addition,compounds 3–6 showed obvious neuroprotective effects at different concentrations,while compound 8 exhibited potential neuroprotective effect at higher concentration(50μmol/L).
文摘目的:探讨闭角型青光眼患者红细胞免疫功能与血清促红细胞生成素(EPO)和血浆内皮素-1(ET-1)的相关性。方法:选取2017-06/10期间我院收治的闭角型青光眼患者30例(病例组)与眼部正常者30例(对照组)为研究对象。测定并比较两组受试者红细胞免疫功能、血清EPO和血浆ET-1浓度,分析之间的相关性。结果:病例组受试者红细胞C3b受体花环率明显低于对照组(10.81%±2.01%vs 18.06%±3.44%),红细胞免疫复合物花环率明显高于对照组(17.21±3.49%vs 11.74±2.14%),血清EPO浓度明显高于对照组(26.10±5.22 mU/mL vs 22.68±4.06mU/mL),血浆ET-1浓度明显高于对照组(70.85±7.16ng/L vs 58.43±5.09ng/L)。闭角型青光眼患者红细胞C3b受体花环率与血清EPO浓度呈显著正相关(r=0.271,P<0.05),与血浆ET-1浓度无明显相关性。结论:闭角型青光眼患者红细胞免疫功能与血清EPO浓度呈正相关。
基金supported by the Key Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42230711)。
文摘Aluminium(Al)toxicity is one of the key factors limiting crop output in acidic soils,but until now little has been known about how Al is regulated transcriptionally in plants.This study identified Arabidopsis NAC transcription factor ANAC050 in the regulation of Al tolerance.ANAC050 was located in the nucleus and displayed constitutive expression in the silique,flower,leaf,stem,and root,despite the fact that Al stress decreased its expression and protein accumulation.When compared with the Columbia ecotype wild-type,anac050 mutants that lacked function of ANAC050 exhibited Al sensitivity phenotype,while transgenic lines that overexpressed ANAC050 showed an Al-resistant phenotype,indicating the favorable influence of ANAC050 on preserving Al tolerance in plants.Further analysis indicated that anac050 mutants accumulated more Al in roots,implying that ANAC050 may confer a potential operation of an Al exclusion mechanism.Interestingly,anac050 mutants had down-regulated the expression of the genes encoding MULTIDRUG AND TOXIC COMPOUND EXTRUSION(MATE)and AL-ACTIVATED MALATE TRANSPORTER(ALMT1),which were involved in the secretion of citrate and malate,even though there was no evidence of a direct interaction between them,suggesting ANAC050 may mediate the secretion of citrate and malate indirectly.Together with the decreased hemicellulose content,lower Al content was also discovered in root cell walls and hemicelluloses of anac050 mutants,pointing to a potential interaction between ANAC017 and XYLOGLUCAN ENDOTRANSGLUCOSYLASE/HYDROLASE(XTH).Although there was no evidence of a direct interaction between ANAC050 and XTH31,it is worth mentioning that the expression of XTH31,which is essential for xyloglucan modification,was down-regulated in anac050 mutants irrespective of the amount of Al given.In conclusion,our findings showed that ANAC050 contributed to Al resistance by indirect control of the release of organic acids and the accumulation of cell wall hemicelluloses.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Innovation Program of Changde City,No.2024ZD165Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China,No.2025JJ80419.
文摘BACKGROUND Benign laryngotracheal stenosis(LTS)is a condition characterized by mucosal inflammation and fibrosis.It is difficult to treat with a high incidence rate.Respiratory distress and voice disorders of varying severity also affect patients'sleep quality and quality of life.AIM To investigate the association between anxiety and depression and sleep quality in patients with benign LTS and identify significant risk factors for sleep disorders.METHODS This retrospective cohort study enrolled 127 consecutive patients with benign LTS admitted to The First People's Hospital of Changde City between January 2021 and January 2024.Comprehensive assessments included demographic collection and Pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI),self-rating anxiety scale(SAS),and selfrating depression scale(SDS)scoring.Correlation analyses were conducted to examine relationships between psychological measures and sleep parameters,followed by multivariate logistic regression to determine independent risk factors.RESULTS The cohort demonstrated significantly impaired sleep quality(mean PSQI,7.79±2.47),with 48.0%(n=61)meeting the criteria for clinically significant sleep disturbance.The scores of all PSQI dimensions,as well as SAS and SDS scores of patients with LTS,significantly exceeded Chinese normative values.Strong positive correlations emerged between PSQI scores and both SAS and SDS measures.Multivariate logistic analysis identified middle age(41-50 years),multiple surgical interventions(≥3 procedures),lower socioeconomic status(monthly household income per capita≤5000 RMB),and concurrent anxiety/depression as independent predictors of sleep disturbance.CONCLUSION The results demonstrate a high prevalence of sleep disorders and comorbid anxiety or depressive moods among patients with LTS.These psychological factors both correlate with and independently predict sleep impairment.These results underscore the need for integrated and proactive approaches addressing both physical and mental health components in LTS management,focusing on high-risk subgroups stratified based on age,monthly household income per capita,anxiety/depression status,and number of prior surgeries.
基金supported by the Innovative Talents Support Program of Higher Education Institutions in Shanxi Province and the North University of China Project of Science and Technology in 2022(20221878).
文摘This work presents the modified precipitation behavior of the β phase in a Mg-8.0Al-0.5Zn-0.2Mn-0.4Ce alloy(wt%,designated as AZ80+0.4%Ce),which has been subjected to room-temperature pre-compression and a subsequent dual-stage aging treatment,thereby imparting it with the pronounced basal texture.It was found that the synergistic application of pre-compression and dual-stage aging protocol markedly accelerates the age-hardening response and architecture of the continuous precipitates(CPs)in the present AZ80+0.4%Ce alloy.Consequently,this alloy achieves an exceptional balance between strength and ductility,boasting a yield strength of approximately 229.0 MPa alongside an elongation of around 7.0%.A series of microstructural characterizations reveal that high-density intragranular dislocations introduced by pre-compression serve as catalysts for the preferential formation of CPs over the discontinuous precipitates,effectively suppressing the latter.Notably,this also facilitates static recrystallization,which refines the grain structure and alleviates the residual stresses induced by deformation,further enhancing the mechanical properties.This research contributes a novel perspective to the thermomechanical processing design of precipitation-hardened lightweight alloys,offering a pathway to optimize their performance through tailored thermomechanical strategies.
基金Supported by the Noncommunicable Chronic Diseases-National Science and Technology Major Project,No.2023ZD0508201the National Key R and D Program of China,No.2022YFC2010100+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82070812the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,No.2024JJ9049,No.2023JJ30762 and No.2021JC0003Sinocare Diabetes Foundation,No.2020SD08the National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Capacity Enhancement Program,No.2023ZLNL003.
文摘BACKGROUND Glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c),the gold standard for assessing glycemic control,has limited ability to reflect the risks of hypoglycemia and glycemic variability,raising great concerns,especially in patients with type 1 diabetes(T1D).The glycemia risk index(GRI),a composite metric derived from continuous glucose monitoring(CGM),has emerged as a potential solution by systematically in-tegrating both hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia risks into a single interpretable score.The GRI exhibited linear correlations with HbA1c(r=0.53),time in range(r=-0.90),time above range(r=0.63),time below range(TBR)(r=0.37),and co-efficient of variation(CV)(r=0.71).It correlated strongly with TBR and CV than HbA1c.The association between HbA1c levels and GRI was influenced by TBR and CV.At a given HbA1c,each 1%increase in TBR or CV raised GRI by 1.87[95%confidence interval(CI):1.72-2.01]and 1.94(95%CI:1.80-2.10),respectively(P<0.001).Clustering of the CGM data identified four subgroups:Moderate-risk glycemic fluctuations,high-risk hypoglycemia,optimal glycemic control,and high-risk hyperglycemia.The GRI and its components for hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia could distinguish between these subgroups.CONCLUSION The GRI offers a comprehensive view of glycemic control in T1D.Combining HbA1c with the GRI enables accurate assessment for managing glycemic control in patients with T1D.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (81973749 and 8143594)State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine High-level Chinese Medicine Key Discipline Construction Project (zyyzdxk-2023069)。
文摘Objective To develop an onset risk prediction nomogram for patients with homocysteine-type(H-type)hypertension(HTH)based on pulse diagram parameters to assist early clinical prediction and diagnosis of HTH.Methods Patients diagnosed with essential hypertension and admitted to Shanghai Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shang-hai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,and Shanghai Hospital of Integrated Tradition-al Chinese and Western Medicine from July 6th 2020 to June 16th 2021,and from August 11th 2023 to January 22nd 2024,were enrolled in this retrospective research.The baselines and clinical biochemical indicators of patients were collected.The SMART-I TCM pulse instru-ment was applied to gather pulse diagram parameters.Multivariate logistic regression was adopted to analyze the risk factors for HTH.RStudio was employed to construct the nomo-gram model,receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve,and calibration curve(bootstrap self-sampling 200 times),and clinical decision curve were drawn to evaluate the model’s dis-crimination and clinical effectiveness.Results A total of 168 hospitalized patients with essential hypertension were selected and di-vided into non-HTH group(n=29)and HTH group(n=139).Compared with non-HTH group,HTH group had a lower body mass index(BMI),and higher proportions of male pa-tients and drinkers(P<0.05).The ventricular wall thickening(VWT)could not be deter-mined.The proportions of left common carotid intima-media wall thickness(LCCIMWT)and serum creatinine(SCR)were higher in HTH group(P<0.05).The pulse diagram parameter As was significantly higher,and H4/H1 and T1/T were lower in HTH group(P<0.05).Gender,al-cohol consumption,serum creatinine,and the pulse diagram parameter H4/H1 were identi-fied as independent risk factors for HTH(P<0.05).The nomogram’s area under the ROC curve(AUC)was 0.795[95%confidence interval(CI):(0.7066,0.8828)],with a specificity of 0.724 and sensitivity of 0.799.After 200 times repeated bootstrap self-samplings,the calibra-tion curve showed that the simulated curve fits well with the actual curve(x^(2)=9.5002,P=0.3019).The clinical decision curve indicated that the nomogram’s applicability was optimal when the threshold for predicting HTH was between 0.38 and 1.00.Conclusion The nomogram model could be valuable for predicting the onset risk of HTH and pulse diagram parameters can facilitate early screening and prevention of HTH.
基金This work is supported in part by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62401125)Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province(No.2023NSFSC1376)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.ZYGX2024J008)。
文摘In this paper,three magnetrons with each of them having specifically designed multiple coupling ports,which deliver specific power distribution for developing a magnetron array based on efficient phase locking between them,are proposed to produce high powerμs-level pulses.To demonstrate the effectiveness of the magnetron with one and two coupling ports as a unit for efficient phase locking,we designed experimentally the coupling ports delivering~10%(the power distribution ratio)of the output power of the magnetron for coupling with other magnetron units.The effect of one and two coupling ports on the operating capability,including the power distribution ratio,anode current and frequency,is demonstrated by establishing an equivalent experimental model which can characterize an ideal operation of the array.The experimental results show that the power distribution ratio is~9%for the magnetron with one coupling port,and~12.5%(coupling port 1,2)for the magnetron with two coupling ports.This shows good uniformity of the coupling capability of the two coupling ports and provides guidance for optimizing the power distribution ratio of multiport magnetron units,which are critical for efficient phase locking in the proposed array in future and higher power arrays.
基金supported by the Central Government Guidance Local Science and Technology Development Fund Project(2021Szvup119)the Key Research and Development Plan of Shaanxi Province(2023-YBNY-184)+3 种基金the Regional Consolidated Fund-Youth Fund Project in Guangdong Province(2022A1515110717)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2022M72261)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2021A1515110813)the 2021-National Center of Technology Innovation for Dairy-5.
文摘Autism spectrum disorder(ASD)is a neurodevelopmental disorder influenced by genes and the environment.This study investigated the protective effects of bovine milk fat globule membrane(BMFGM)and goat milk fat globule membrane(GMFGM)supplementation on ASD model mice.Analysis of phospholipid composition showed higher levels of phosphatidylcholine in BMFGM and phosphatidylethanolamine in GMFGM.Behavioral results indicated MFGMs ameliorated social deficits,with GMFGM being more effective.Milk fat globule membrane(MFGM)mitigated neuroinflammation by suppressing microglial overactivation and proinflammatory cytokines expression,meanwhile GMFGM increased the anti-inflammatory factor interleukin(IL)-10.MFGMs also altered gut microbiota composition and maintained gut barrier integrity.Uniquely,GMFGM increased butyrate production.Correlation analysis revealed positive associations between social behavior,levels of phosphatidylcholine,sphingomyelin,and the abundance of Allobaculum,Clostridium_sensu_stricto,and Turicibacter.Overall,these findings revealed the protective effects of MFGMs on neurodevelopment in ASD animal models and the underlying mechanism could be partly explained by their regulation of gut microbiota by the phospholipid components in MFGM.
基金supported by the National NaturalScience Foundation of China(32101240)the NaturalScience Foundation of Hainan Province(2019RC175)+1 种基金the Postdoctoral Research Program in Hainan Province(RC2100004064)the Academician working platform project in Hainan Province.
文摘Noise pollution has been shown to affect wild animals in various ways,but little is known about its consequences at the community level.Investigating animals’overall vocal responses to noise across multiple sympatric species can reveal the complex nature of noise impacts butis challenging.In this study,we employed social network analysis(SNA)to evaluate how anuran communities and populations vary their calling behaviors in response to aircraft noise.SNA of anuran communities revealed that conspecifc individuals increase the aggregation of theirspectral(i.e.,minimum frequency,maximum frequency,and dominant frequency),temporal(call duration,call rate,and call effort),and overallspectral-temporal features as an airplane passes through.SNA of populations also revealed that anurans could increase the interindividual similarity of multiple call characteristics in response to airplane noise.Furthermore,our network analysis of multiple species and multiple call traitsrevealed an effect of noise in species whose calling behavior did not change in previous separate analyses of each species and single traits.Thisstudy suggests that noise pollution may change the pattern of combined acoustic properties at the community level.Our fndings highlight theimportance of integrated methods and theories for understanding the ecological consequences of noise pollution in future studies.
