The peony-like CuO micro/nanostructures were fabricated by a facile hydrothermal approach. The peony- like CuO micro/nanostructures about 3 -5μm in diameter were assembled by CuO nanoplates. These CuO nanoplates, as ...The peony-like CuO micro/nanostructures were fabricated by a facile hydrothermal approach. The peony- like CuO micro/nanostructures about 3 -5μm in diameter were assembled by CuO nanoplates. These CuO nanoplates, as the building block, were self-assembled into multilayer structures under the action of ethidene diamine, and then grew into uniform peony-like CuO architecture. The novel peony-like CuO micro/nanostructures exhibit a high cycling stability and improved rate capability. The peony-like CuO microJnanostructures electrodes show a high reversible capacity of 456 mAhJg after 200 cycles, much higher than that of the commercial CuO nanocrystals at a current 0.1 C. The excellent electrochemical performance of peony-like CuO micro/nanostructures might be ascribed to the unique assembly structure, which not only provide large electrode/electrolyte contact area to accelerate the lithiation reaction, but also the interval between the multilayer structures of CuO nanoplates electrode could provide enough interior space to accommodate the volume change during Li insertion and de-insertion process,展开更多
The sulfate radical-based photocatalytic process is supposed to be the most promising way to degrade organic pollutants.However,the development of a suitable and efficient photocatalyst is very challenging.The 40LaFeO...The sulfate radical-based photocatalytic process is supposed to be the most promising way to degrade organic pollutants.However,the development of a suitable and efficient photocatalyst is very challenging.The 40LaFeO_(3)-CuFe_(2)O_(4)(40LFO-CFO)nanocomposite was constructed and its catalytic performance was studied using Rhodamine B(RhB)as the target pollutant.40LFO-CFO exhibited excellent RhB degradation by the persulfate(PS)-assisted photocatalytic process compared to the pristine LFO and CFO.The degradation rate constant for RhB by 40LFO-CFO in the Vis/PS system was 2.22h^(-1)which is 3.04 times and 5.05 times higher than the pristine LFO(0.73 h^(-1))and CFO(0.44h^(-1)),respectively.Furthermore,the trapping experiments and EPR spectra proved that h^(+) plays a leading role in the bleaching of RhB for the 40LFO-CFO/PS/Vis system.The enhanced photocatalytic oxidation activity of 40LFO-CFO could be attributed to the unique charge carriers flow in 40LFO-CFO due to the Z-scheme and the cooperation effect between photocatalysis and PS activation.The recycle tests confessed the stability of 40LFO-CFO.Additionally,the intermediates and products of RhB are detected by liquid chromatographymass spectrometry(LC-MS),and the photocatalytic degradation routes of RhB for the 40LFO-CFO/Vis/PS system were proposed.Moreover,the 40LFO-CFO nanocomposite has a superior catalytic performance for other organics,suggesting that it is a promising heterocatalyst because of its high catalytic activity and stability for the PS-assisted photocatalytic process.展开更多
Dear Editor,TSocial recognition memory is essential for proper conspecific interactions and its impairments are closely associated with many brain disorders,including autism,schizophrenia,and Alzheimer's disease[1...Dear Editor,TSocial recognition memory is essential for proper conspecific interactions and its impairments are closely associated with many brain disorders,including autism,schizophrenia,and Alzheimer's disease[1-3].However,the mechanisms and neural circuits underlying social memory formation and retrieval are still unclear.Recent studies have revealed that several brain regions are involved in social memory formation,and the hippocampal dorsal CA2(dCA2)subregion appears to be its core locus[4,5].展开更多
Astroglia are integral to brain development and the emergence of neurodevelopmental disorders.However,studying the pathophysiology of human astroglia using brain organoid models has been hindered by ineficient astrogl...Astroglia are integral to brain development and the emergence of neurodevelopmental disorders.However,studying the pathophysiology of human astroglia using brain organoid models has been hindered by ineficient astrogliogene-sis.In this study,we introduce a robust method for generating astroglia-enriched organoids through BMP4 treatment during the neural differentiation phase of organoid development.Our RNA sequencing analysis reveals that astroglia developed within these organoids exhibit advanced developmental characteristics and enhanced synaptic functions compared to those grown under traditional two-dimensional conditions,particularly highlighted by increased neu-rexin(NRXN)-neuroligin(NLGN)signaling.Cell adhesion molecules,such as NRXN and NLGN,are essential in regulat-ing interactions between astroglia and neurons.We further discovered that brain organoids derived from human embryonic stem cells(hESCs)harboring the autism-associated NLGN3 R451C mutation exhibit increased astroglio-genesis.Notably,the NLGN3 R451C astroglia demonstrate enhanced branching,indicating a more intricate morphol-ogy.Interestingly,our RNA sequencing data suggest that these mutant astroglia significantly upregulate pathways that support neural functions when compared to isogenic wild-type astroglia.Our findings establish a novel astroglia-enriched organoid model,offering a valuable platform for probing the roles of human astroglia in brain development and related disorders.展开更多
Electrocatalytic hydrogenation is a competing reaction for hydrogen evolution that occurs in the presence of organic compounds containing unsaturated chemical bonds using water as the hydrogen donor.Here,we propose a ...Electrocatalytic hydrogenation is a competing reaction for hydrogen evolution that occurs in the presence of organic compounds containing unsaturated chemical bonds using water as the hydrogen donor.Here,we propose a simple method to synthesize amorphous Ta_(2)O_(5)loaded amorphous Ru with poor crystallinity.The amorphous composite(Ta_(2)O_(5)/Ru-4.0-400)with an ultra-low Ru loading amount(2.16 wt%)exhibits 69.8%conversion of cinnamaldehyde with 29.1%FE and 100%selective formation of half-hydrogenated hydrocinnamaldehyde under a constant potential of−1.1 V vs.RHE for 5 h.Detailed experimental studies revealed that the amorphous structure with poor crystallinity offers structural flexibility and rich defects for electrochemical hydrogenation reactions,and the Ta_(2)O_(5)substrate serves as a bridge to effectively facilitate electron transfer from Ru to CAL molecules.This work presents a new strategy for designing highly efficient electrocatalysts with an amorphous structure for the hydrogenation of organic compounds containing unsaturated chemical bonds.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2016YFB0601100)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.FRFBD-16-008A)
文摘The peony-like CuO micro/nanostructures were fabricated by a facile hydrothermal approach. The peony- like CuO micro/nanostructures about 3 -5μm in diameter were assembled by CuO nanoplates. These CuO nanoplates, as the building block, were self-assembled into multilayer structures under the action of ethidene diamine, and then grew into uniform peony-like CuO architecture. The novel peony-like CuO micro/nanostructures exhibit a high cycling stability and improved rate capability. The peony-like CuO microJnanostructures electrodes show a high reversible capacity of 456 mAhJg after 200 cycles, much higher than that of the commercial CuO nanocrystals at a current 0.1 C. The excellent electrochemical performance of peony-like CuO micro/nanostructures might be ascribed to the unique assembly structure, which not only provide large electrode/electrolyte contact area to accelerate the lithiation reaction, but also the interval between the multilayer structures of CuO nanoplates electrode could provide enough interior space to accommodate the volume change during Li insertion and de-insertion process,
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52062047)the Innovation Capacity Support Plan of Shaanxi Province(2020TD-032)+2 种基金Yulin Science and Technology Plan(2019-81-1,CXY-2021-101-02 and 2023-CXY-154)Joint Fund of Clean Energy Innovation Institute of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yulin University(YLUDNL202202)Yulin University Science and Technology Plan(2020TZRC01).
文摘The sulfate radical-based photocatalytic process is supposed to be the most promising way to degrade organic pollutants.However,the development of a suitable and efficient photocatalyst is very challenging.The 40LaFeO_(3)-CuFe_(2)O_(4)(40LFO-CFO)nanocomposite was constructed and its catalytic performance was studied using Rhodamine B(RhB)as the target pollutant.40LFO-CFO exhibited excellent RhB degradation by the persulfate(PS)-assisted photocatalytic process compared to the pristine LFO and CFO.The degradation rate constant for RhB by 40LFO-CFO in the Vis/PS system was 2.22h^(-1)which is 3.04 times and 5.05 times higher than the pristine LFO(0.73 h^(-1))and CFO(0.44h^(-1)),respectively.Furthermore,the trapping experiments and EPR spectra proved that h^(+) plays a leading role in the bleaching of RhB for the 40LFO-CFO/PS/Vis system.The enhanced photocatalytic oxidation activity of 40LFO-CFO could be attributed to the unique charge carriers flow in 40LFO-CFO due to the Z-scheme and the cooperation effect between photocatalysis and PS activation.The recycle tests confessed the stability of 40LFO-CFO.Additionally,the intermediates and products of RhB are detected by liquid chromatographymass spectrometry(LC-MS),and the photocatalytic degradation routes of RhB for the 40LFO-CFO/Vis/PS system were proposed.Moreover,the 40LFO-CFO nanocomposite has a superior catalytic performance for other organics,suggesting that it is a promising heterocatalyst because of its high catalytic activity and stability for the PS-assisted photocatalytic process.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(91632201 and 31970958)a Basic Research Project of Leading Technology of Jiangsu Province(BK20192004)+2 种基金the Guangdong Key Project in“Development of new tools for diagnosis and treatment of Autism”(2018B030335001)the Canadian Institutes of Health Research(PJT155959 and PJT168922)the Canadian Natural Science and Engineering Research Council(RGPIN341498 and RGPIN06295).
文摘Dear Editor,TSocial recognition memory is essential for proper conspecific interactions and its impairments are closely associated with many brain disorders,including autism,schizophrenia,and Alzheimer's disease[1-3].However,the mechanisms and neural circuits underlying social memory formation and retrieval are still unclear.Recent studies have revealed that several brain regions are involved in social memory formation,and the hippocampal dorsal CA2(dCA2)subregion appears to be its core locus[4,5].
基金supported by grants from the NIH(R01NS102382,R01NS122108,and R01AG073779 to P.J.)M.J.was supported by a post-doctoral fellowship award from the New Jersey Department of Health(CAUT24DFP004)+1 种基金A.V.P.was supported by a graduate trainee T32 fellowship award from the Training in Translating Neuroscience to Therapies program at Rutgers University(T32NS115700)L.C.was supported by the Rutgers HealthAdvance Fund(NHLBI U01HL150852 to L.C.)。
文摘Astroglia are integral to brain development and the emergence of neurodevelopmental disorders.However,studying the pathophysiology of human astroglia using brain organoid models has been hindered by ineficient astrogliogene-sis.In this study,we introduce a robust method for generating astroglia-enriched organoids through BMP4 treatment during the neural differentiation phase of organoid development.Our RNA sequencing analysis reveals that astroglia developed within these organoids exhibit advanced developmental characteristics and enhanced synaptic functions compared to those grown under traditional two-dimensional conditions,particularly highlighted by increased neu-rexin(NRXN)-neuroligin(NLGN)signaling.Cell adhesion molecules,such as NRXN and NLGN,are essential in regulat-ing interactions between astroglia and neurons.We further discovered that brain organoids derived from human embryonic stem cells(hESCs)harboring the autism-associated NLGN3 R451C mutation exhibit increased astroglio-genesis.Notably,the NLGN3 R451C astroglia demonstrate enhanced branching,indicating a more intricate morphol-ogy.Interestingly,our RNA sequencing data suggest that these mutant astroglia significantly upregulate pathways that support neural functions when compared to isogenic wild-type astroglia.Our findings establish a novel astroglia-enriched organoid model,offering a valuable platform for probing the roles of human astroglia in brain development and related disorders.
基金supported by the Key Research and Development Projects of Shaanxi Province(Grant No.2021GY-126)the Key Science and Technology Project of Northwest Institute for Non-ferrous Metal Research(Grant No.YK2020-6)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.21905232).
文摘Electrocatalytic hydrogenation is a competing reaction for hydrogen evolution that occurs in the presence of organic compounds containing unsaturated chemical bonds using water as the hydrogen donor.Here,we propose a simple method to synthesize amorphous Ta_(2)O_(5)loaded amorphous Ru with poor crystallinity.The amorphous composite(Ta_(2)O_(5)/Ru-4.0-400)with an ultra-low Ru loading amount(2.16 wt%)exhibits 69.8%conversion of cinnamaldehyde with 29.1%FE and 100%selective formation of half-hydrogenated hydrocinnamaldehyde under a constant potential of−1.1 V vs.RHE for 5 h.Detailed experimental studies revealed that the amorphous structure with poor crystallinity offers structural flexibility and rich defects for electrochemical hydrogenation reactions,and the Ta_(2)O_(5)substrate serves as a bridge to effectively facilitate electron transfer from Ru to CAL molecules.This work presents a new strategy for designing highly efficient electrocatalysts with an amorphous structure for the hydrogenation of organic compounds containing unsaturated chemical bonds.
