Due to the frequent occurrence of multi-hazard disasters worldwide in recent years,effective multi-hazard sce-nario analysis is imperative for disaster rescue and emergency management.The response procedure for differ...Due to the frequent occurrence of multi-hazard disasters worldwide in recent years,effective multi-hazard sce-nario analysis is imperative for disaster rescue and emergency management.The response procedure for different single hazards were investigated and formulated before.However,the investigations of disaster scenario rarely systematically address the entire development and response process of multi-hazards,including the coupling mechanisms,evolution dynamics,scenario assessment and emergency response.To this end,this paper presents our methodology of multi-hazard disaster scenario that integrates experiment-simulation-field data,focusing on three dimensions consisting of multi-hazard coupling,structures and systems,and emergency management.The newly proposed scenario method mainly comprises three aspects:experiments and simulations,multi-hazard field investigation,scenario analysis and response.Specifically,in order to study the large-scale,high-intensity and multi-hazard coupling effects,we carried out reduced-scale experiments and field measurement experiments to develop experimental similarity theory and prototype simulations of multi-hazards.In addition,a variety of field rescue and survey equipment,such as robots,Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV),and Virtual Reality/Augmented Reality(VR/AR)technologies were utilized to acquire real-time data of multi-hazard field.Furthermore,we also examine the mechanism and framework of multi-hazard scenarios to formulate the detailed procedures of man-agement and response.They are incorporated with the experiments,simulations,field data and models to con-struct a new scenario platform.The proposed scenario method was applied in a case study of the coupled wind and snow multi-hazard to verify its effectiveness.The new method contributes to the disaster relief,decision-making and emergency management for multi-hazard disaster to improve the urban resilience.展开更多
In recent years,urban resilience has attracted increasing attention from researchers and managers from the international community at the national,regional,and urban levels.Numerous multi-dimensional and cross-discipl...In recent years,urban resilience has attracted increasing attention from researchers and managers from the international community at the national,regional,and urban levels.Numerous multi-dimensional and cross-disciplinary investigations,campaigns,and outlines have significantly promoted the development goal of re-silience in cities worldwide.However,the existing definitions and interpretations of urban resilience still call for a more comprehensive,systematic,and exhaustive analysis as urbanization accelerates and the complex risks of various safety events increase.To this end,we rethink the extension and connotation of urban resilience based on a review and analysis of critical hotspots,realistic demand,and development trends.A conceptual classification with three aspects and three typical tiers of urban resilience is proposed,which further promotes a new definition and interpretation by incorporating the resilience extension of urban systems.In addition,the six-dimensional characteristics are extracted to furnish the urban resilience connotation,and four-stage improvement measures are introduced accordingly.In addition,the newly developed urban resilience is applied to a case analysis of a large-scale disaster,which demonstrates the necessity and significance of this study.The new extension and connotation investigation will be helpful for the improvement and implementation of urban resilience,thereby guiding the construction of resilient cities.展开更多
Herein,a matching method for varied epidemic phase characteristics and appropriate strategies is presented,aiming at the complexities of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic and the hysteresis of strategies.The...Herein,a matching method for varied epidemic phase characteristics and appropriate strategies is presented,aiming at the complexities of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic and the hysteresis of strategies.The classical diffusion dynamic models of the epidemic spread are compared.Furthermore,the Bass diffusion model is selected to study more characteristics of an epidemic,such as the diversities in regional internal and external infection rates.Thereafter,the classical division method vis-à-vis a pandemic life cycle is improved.A specific approach is proposed to portray more detailed characteristics of the pandemic by dividing it into more phases.Next,a four-level epidemic prevention and control measure system is concretized.The applicable phases and strategic effectiveness of each measure are integrated into the different phases of the pandemic life cycle.Finally,the matching method is applied to analyze two cases of the spread of the outbreak in cities and significant events.The findings provide a certain reference for the effectiveness of the matching method in the post-peak epidemic period.展开更多
基金other researchers in the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2017YFC0803300)for their great contribu-tions to this work.
文摘Due to the frequent occurrence of multi-hazard disasters worldwide in recent years,effective multi-hazard sce-nario analysis is imperative for disaster rescue and emergency management.The response procedure for different single hazards were investigated and formulated before.However,the investigations of disaster scenario rarely systematically address the entire development and response process of multi-hazards,including the coupling mechanisms,evolution dynamics,scenario assessment and emergency response.To this end,this paper presents our methodology of multi-hazard disaster scenario that integrates experiment-simulation-field data,focusing on three dimensions consisting of multi-hazard coupling,structures and systems,and emergency management.The newly proposed scenario method mainly comprises three aspects:experiments and simulations,multi-hazard field investigation,scenario analysis and response.Specifically,in order to study the large-scale,high-intensity and multi-hazard coupling effects,we carried out reduced-scale experiments and field measurement experiments to develop experimental similarity theory and prototype simulations of multi-hazards.In addition,a variety of field rescue and survey equipment,such as robots,Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV),and Virtual Reality/Augmented Reality(VR/AR)technologies were utilized to acquire real-time data of multi-hazard field.Furthermore,we also examine the mechanism and framework of multi-hazard scenarios to formulate the detailed procedures of man-agement and response.They are incorporated with the experiments,simulations,field data and models to con-struct a new scenario platform.The proposed scenario method was applied in a case study of the coupled wind and snow multi-hazard to verify its effectiveness.The new method contributes to the disaster relief,decision-making and emergency management for multi-hazard disaster to improve the urban resilience.
基金the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021ZD0111200)the National Science Foundation of China(Grant No.72204134,72174099)the High-tech Discipline Construction Foundation for Universities in Beijing(Safety Science and Engineering).
文摘In recent years,urban resilience has attracted increasing attention from researchers and managers from the international community at the national,regional,and urban levels.Numerous multi-dimensional and cross-disciplinary investigations,campaigns,and outlines have significantly promoted the development goal of re-silience in cities worldwide.However,the existing definitions and interpretations of urban resilience still call for a more comprehensive,systematic,and exhaustive analysis as urbanization accelerates and the complex risks of various safety events increase.To this end,we rethink the extension and connotation of urban resilience based on a review and analysis of critical hotspots,realistic demand,and development trends.A conceptual classification with three aspects and three typical tiers of urban resilience is proposed,which further promotes a new definition and interpretation by incorporating the resilience extension of urban systems.In addition,the six-dimensional characteristics are extracted to furnish the urban resilience connotation,and four-stage improvement measures are introduced accordingly.In addition,the newly developed urban resilience is applied to a case analysis of a large-scale disaster,which demonstrates the necessity and significance of this study.The new extension and connotation investigation will be helpful for the improvement and implementation of urban resilience,thereby guiding the construction of resilient cities.
基金National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021ZD0111200)National Science Foundation of China(Grant No.72174099),High-tech Discipline Construction Fundings for Universities in Beijing(Safety Science and Engineering).
文摘Herein,a matching method for varied epidemic phase characteristics and appropriate strategies is presented,aiming at the complexities of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic and the hysteresis of strategies.The classical diffusion dynamic models of the epidemic spread are compared.Furthermore,the Bass diffusion model is selected to study more characteristics of an epidemic,such as the diversities in regional internal and external infection rates.Thereafter,the classical division method vis-à-vis a pandemic life cycle is improved.A specific approach is proposed to portray more detailed characteristics of the pandemic by dividing it into more phases.Next,a four-level epidemic prevention and control measure system is concretized.The applicable phases and strategic effectiveness of each measure are integrated into the different phases of the pandemic life cycle.Finally,the matching method is applied to analyze two cases of the spread of the outbreak in cities and significant events.The findings provide a certain reference for the effectiveness of the matching method in the post-peak epidemic period.
