Soil soluble organic nitrogen(SON)is one of the most active components in soil nitrogen pools;however,limited information is available with regard to its driving factors,as well as their pathways and degrees of influe...Soil soluble organic nitrogen(SON)is one of the most active components in soil nitrogen pools;however,limited information is available with regard to its driving factors,as well as their pathways and degrees of influence.In this study,structural equation modeling was used to analyze the driving factors,their significance,and pathways that affected SON dynamics in a waterlogged experiment of two typical paddy soils incubated for 80 d after green manure application.Soil p H,Eh,microbial biomass,enzyme activity,and SON dynamics were used to construct the structural equation model.Results showed that soil microbial biomass carbon(MBC),protease,glutamine,and initial organic matter(OM)directly and significantly affected soil SON with path coefficients corresponding to 0.405,0.547,0.523,and-0.623(P<0.01),respectively.Soil microbial biomass carbon and initial OM affected the SON dynamics indirectly through protease and glutamine activity.In addition,pH indirectly affected SON dynamics by glutamine activity.It is implied that soil MBC,protease,glutamine,and initial OM are the key factors affecting SON dynamics in the waterlogged paddy soils after green manure application.Our research indicated that structural equation modeling could provide an effective method to clearly recognize the impact,significance,and pathways of multiple factors on SON dynamics in paddy soils.展开更多
Biochar is a carbon-rich material produced through the pyrolysis of various feedstocks.It can be further modified to enhance its properties and is referred to as modified biochar(MB).The research interest in MB applic...Biochar is a carbon-rich material produced through the pyrolysis of various feedstocks.It can be further modified to enhance its properties and is referred to as modified biochar(MB).The research interest in MB application in soil has been on the surge over the past decade.However,the potential benefits of MB are considerable,and its efficiency can be subject to various influencing factors.For instance,unknown physicochemical characteristics,outdated analytical techniques,and a limited understanding of soil factors that could impact its effectiveness after application.This paper reviewed the recent literature pertaining to MB and its evolved physicochemical characteristics to provide a comprehensive understanding beyond synthesis techniques.These include surface area,porosity,alkalinity,pH,elemental composition,and functional groups.Furthermore,it explored innovative analytical methods for characterizing these properties and evaluating their effectiveness in soil applications.In addition to exploring the potential benefits and limitations of utilizing MB as a soil amendment,this article delved into the soil factors that influence its efficacy,along with the latest research findings and advancements in MB technology.Overall,this study will facilitate the synthesis of current knowledge and the identification of gaps in our understanding of MB.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41671490)the Science and Technology Innovation Fund Project of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,China(No.KF2105074)
文摘Soil soluble organic nitrogen(SON)is one of the most active components in soil nitrogen pools;however,limited information is available with regard to its driving factors,as well as their pathways and degrees of influence.In this study,structural equation modeling was used to analyze the driving factors,their significance,and pathways that affected SON dynamics in a waterlogged experiment of two typical paddy soils incubated for 80 d after green manure application.Soil p H,Eh,microbial biomass,enzyme activity,and SON dynamics were used to construct the structural equation model.Results showed that soil microbial biomass carbon(MBC),protease,glutamine,and initial organic matter(OM)directly and significantly affected soil SON with path coefficients corresponding to 0.405,0.547,0.523,and-0.623(P<0.01),respectively.Soil microbial biomass carbon and initial OM affected the SON dynamics indirectly through protease and glutamine activity.In addition,pH indirectly affected SON dynamics by glutamine activity.It is implied that soil MBC,protease,glutamine,and initial OM are the key factors affecting SON dynamics in the waterlogged paddy soils after green manure application.Our research indicated that structural equation modeling could provide an effective method to clearly recognize the impact,significance,and pathways of multiple factors on SON dynamics in paddy soils.
文摘Biochar is a carbon-rich material produced through the pyrolysis of various feedstocks.It can be further modified to enhance its properties and is referred to as modified biochar(MB).The research interest in MB application in soil has been on the surge over the past decade.However,the potential benefits of MB are considerable,and its efficiency can be subject to various influencing factors.For instance,unknown physicochemical characteristics,outdated analytical techniques,and a limited understanding of soil factors that could impact its effectiveness after application.This paper reviewed the recent literature pertaining to MB and its evolved physicochemical characteristics to provide a comprehensive understanding beyond synthesis techniques.These include surface area,porosity,alkalinity,pH,elemental composition,and functional groups.Furthermore,it explored innovative analytical methods for characterizing these properties and evaluating their effectiveness in soil applications.In addition to exploring the potential benefits and limitations of utilizing MB as a soil amendment,this article delved into the soil factors that influence its efficacy,along with the latest research findings and advancements in MB technology.Overall,this study will facilitate the synthesis of current knowledge and the identification of gaps in our understanding of MB.
