The present study describes an efficient and sustainable synthesis method for producing functional triglycerides(FTs)by conducting an acidolysis reaction of sacha inchi(Plukenetia volubilis)oil with capric acid(C10),c...The present study describes an efficient and sustainable synthesis method for producing functional triglycerides(FTs)by conducting an acidolysis reaction of sacha inchi(Plukenetia volubilis)oil with capric acid(C10),catalyzed by Rhizopus oryzae(RO)lipase immobilized in low-cost corn cob powder,to obtain medium-large-medium chain(MLM)triglycerides.Initially,acidolysis reactions were performed between sacha inchi oil,C10,and the immobilized enzyme in a stirred tank at various temperatures(35◦C,45◦C,55◦C,and 59◦C),different molar ratios(1:2,1:3,1:4 oil:fatty acid),and various hydrolytic enzyme activities(83.6,124,and 217 IU/mg).Subsequently,to optimize the degree of incorporation,the best condition from the stirred tank reactions(45◦C,1:3 M ratio,and 217 U of hydrolytic activity)was selected,considering the highest nutritional quality of the lipid in terms of the migration of the sn2 position,and was tested in a packed bed reactor with a spatial time of 112 min,residence time of 107 min,and a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min.The highest incorporation degree achieved in packed bed reactor was 36%at 45◦C.Afterward,it was developed for the best condition an integrative platform for the recycling of the RO lipase immobilized in low-cost corn cob powder(up to four successive cycles without any make up).Subsequent assays on the functional triglycerides revealed atherogenic and thrombogenicity lipid index values of 0.04±0.10 and 4.15±0.05,respectively,which were lower than those of pure sacha inchi oil,indicating the potential to enhance the nutritional quality of the oil through C10 incorporation.展开更多
Background:Gut microbiota(GM)plays a crucial role in obesity pathophysiology and is heavily influenced by dietary factors.Polyphenols have shown a positive effect in preventing and treating obesity,which is blunted in...Background:Gut microbiota(GM)plays a crucial role in obesity pathophysiology and is heavily influenced by dietary factors.Polyphenols have shown a positive effect in preventing and treating obesity,which is blunted in the absence of GM.Pomegranate peel,known for its high content of polyphenols(ellagitannins),has been found to exhibit favorable metabolic effects in obesity.Interestingly,ellagitannins are metabolized by the action of GM.However,the specific impact of pomegranate peel extract(PPE)on GM and metabolism remains unclear.Objective:to evaluate the effect of a PPE(microencapsulated or not)on the composition of GM in high-fat diet(HFD)-fed mice and analyze its association with metabolic parameters.Methods:Male C57BL/6J mice(n=40)were randomly distributed into five groups:control diet(CD),HFD,HFD+inulin(IN),HFD+PPE(50 mg/kg/d of total polyphenols;TP),and HFD+MPPE(50 mg/kg/d TP),for 14 weeks.Liver and serum antioxidant status were assessed.GM composition,further relative abundances,and biodiversity were calculated from cecal content samples.The bacterial community clustering was analyzed using a canonical-correlation analysis(CCA).GM parameters and metabolic outcomes were evaluated for correlation(Spearman’s correlation),p<0.05.Results:PPE and MPPE showed increased energy expenditure,reduced liver arachidonic acid content,elevated antioxidant capacity,and higher GM alpha diversity compared to HFD alone.Conclusion:PPE,regardless of encapsulation,ameliorated metabolic alterations induced by HFD,potentially through modulation of GM.These findings provide data on the therapeutic potential of PPE in managing obesity-related metabolic dysfunction.展开更多
In general terms,the acute inflammatory reaction in conditions of infection or tissue damage is a response of the immune system to cope with survival and return to homeostasis.Temporarily,the reaction is initiated by ...In general terms,the acute inflammatory reaction in conditions of infection or tissue damage is a response of the immune system to cope with survival and return to homeostasis.Temporarily,the reaction is initiated by edema followed by the progressive accumulation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes(PMN)and monocytes that differentiate into macrophages,with production of pro-inflammatory mediators such as leukotrienes(e.g.,LTB4)and prostaglandins(e.g.,PGE2,PGI2,PGF2),which in excess may progress to chronic inflammation(1).Considering that the acute inflammatory response is a protective and self-limited phenomenon,its resolution is an active programmed reaction that is set in by specific pro-resolving mediators(SPMs),which are derived from n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids(n-3 PUFAs).展开更多
基金financially supported by Ministry of Science,Technology,and Innovation of Colombia(Minciencias),Postsecondary Education Agency of the Mayor’s Office of Medellin(Colombia),Internationalization fund under the modality of international counterparts.University of Antioquia.CUM was supported by grants from the VINCI-DI de l PUCV(grants no.039.338/2023 and 039.369/2023).
文摘The present study describes an efficient and sustainable synthesis method for producing functional triglycerides(FTs)by conducting an acidolysis reaction of sacha inchi(Plukenetia volubilis)oil with capric acid(C10),catalyzed by Rhizopus oryzae(RO)lipase immobilized in low-cost corn cob powder,to obtain medium-large-medium chain(MLM)triglycerides.Initially,acidolysis reactions were performed between sacha inchi oil,C10,and the immobilized enzyme in a stirred tank at various temperatures(35◦C,45◦C,55◦C,and 59◦C),different molar ratios(1:2,1:3,1:4 oil:fatty acid),and various hydrolytic enzyme activities(83.6,124,and 217 IU/mg).Subsequently,to optimize the degree of incorporation,the best condition from the stirred tank reactions(45◦C,1:3 M ratio,and 217 U of hydrolytic activity)was selected,considering the highest nutritional quality of the lipid in terms of the migration of the sn2 position,and was tested in a packed bed reactor with a spatial time of 112 min,residence time of 107 min,and a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min.The highest incorporation degree achieved in packed bed reactor was 36%at 45◦C.Afterward,it was developed for the best condition an integrative platform for the recycling of the RO lipase immobilized in low-cost corn cob powder(up to four successive cycles without any make up).Subsequent assays on the functional triglycerides revealed atherogenic and thrombogenicity lipid index values of 0.04±0.10 and 4.15±0.05,respectively,which were lower than those of pure sacha inchi oil,indicating the potential to enhance the nutritional quality of the oil through C10 incorporation.
文摘Background:Gut microbiota(GM)plays a crucial role in obesity pathophysiology and is heavily influenced by dietary factors.Polyphenols have shown a positive effect in preventing and treating obesity,which is blunted in the absence of GM.Pomegranate peel,known for its high content of polyphenols(ellagitannins),has been found to exhibit favorable metabolic effects in obesity.Interestingly,ellagitannins are metabolized by the action of GM.However,the specific impact of pomegranate peel extract(PPE)on GM and metabolism remains unclear.Objective:to evaluate the effect of a PPE(microencapsulated or not)on the composition of GM in high-fat diet(HFD)-fed mice and analyze its association with metabolic parameters.Methods:Male C57BL/6J mice(n=40)were randomly distributed into five groups:control diet(CD),HFD,HFD+inulin(IN),HFD+PPE(50 mg/kg/d of total polyphenols;TP),and HFD+MPPE(50 mg/kg/d TP),for 14 weeks.Liver and serum antioxidant status were assessed.GM composition,further relative abundances,and biodiversity were calculated from cecal content samples.The bacterial community clustering was analyzed using a canonical-correlation analysis(CCA).GM parameters and metabolic outcomes were evaluated for correlation(Spearman’s correlation),p<0.05.Results:PPE and MPPE showed increased energy expenditure,reduced liver arachidonic acid content,elevated antioxidant capacity,and higher GM alpha diversity compared to HFD alone.Conclusion:PPE,regardless of encapsulation,ameliorated metabolic alterations induced by HFD,potentially through modulation of GM.These findings provide data on the therapeutic potential of PPE in managing obesity-related metabolic dysfunction.
文摘In general terms,the acute inflammatory reaction in conditions of infection or tissue damage is a response of the immune system to cope with survival and return to homeostasis.Temporarily,the reaction is initiated by edema followed by the progressive accumulation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes(PMN)and monocytes that differentiate into macrophages,with production of pro-inflammatory mediators such as leukotrienes(e.g.,LTB4)and prostaglandins(e.g.,PGE2,PGI2,PGF2),which in excess may progress to chronic inflammation(1).Considering that the acute inflammatory response is a protective and self-limited phenomenon,its resolution is an active programmed reaction that is set in by specific pro-resolving mediators(SPMs),which are derived from n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids(n-3 PUFAs).
