A total of 5 biochemically characterized lipase positive bacterial strains were screened for Polyhydroxyalkanoates(PHA)production by Nile blue staining and confirmation was done by Sudan Black B.PHA production ability...A total of 5 biochemically characterized lipase positive bacterial strains were screened for Polyhydroxyalkanoates(PHA)production by Nile blue staining and confirmation was done by Sudan Black B.PHA production ability for all strains was optimized followed by time profiling calculation and comparison via using glucose and two plant oils i.e.,canola and mustard oil.Quantitative analysis showed that glucose can serve as a carbon source for maximum biomass(2.5 g/L CDW for strain 5)and PHA production(70.3%for strain 2).PHA produced by strain 2 was further analyzed for its chemical composition and type via Fourier Transform Infrared(FT-IR)spectroscopy.It revealed homopolymer(PHB)and copolymer(PHB-co-PHV)production of PHA(peaks at 1743 cm-1 and 2861 cm-1,respectively)with both canola and mustard oil unlike glucose which produced only homopolymer one i.e.,PHB(peaks at 1110 cm-1,1411 cm-1 and 1650 cm-1).Crystallinity of FT-IR analyzed PHA was calculated using mathematical formulas which showed decrease from glucose to canola to mustard oil.This study revealed that plant oils can serve as better carbon source to produce better quality(ductile and copolymer)PHA.Moreover,16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis showed that strain 1,strain 2,strain 3,strain 4 and strain 5 are Stenotrophomonas sp.N3,Exiguobacterium sp.N4,Exiguobacterium sp.Ch3,Cellulosimicrobium sp.A8 and Klebsiella sp.LFSM2,respectively.展开更多
This research venture investigates the trends and motives behind the English learning as a second language. The author has used the Chinese binoculars to probe into the phenomenon of English learning and teaching. Eng...This research venture investigates the trends and motives behind the English learning as a second language. The author has used the Chinese binoculars to probe into the phenomenon of English learning and teaching. English language has become an international tool of communication and business. Professional and students at China's Mainland have been learning English since long but this trend has been increased in the recent years due to the wave of globalization and also owing to the enormous emerging economy of China. Internationalization of education and the quest of knowing the culture and civilizations have spurred the need for English learning. The authors have performed a questionnaire based research with the sample of 130 university students learning Chinese at different English learning institutes at Xi＇an, Shanxi, China. The analysis of the findings in this research highlights the reasons behind the growing trends of English learning and also describes the teaching methodology for effective language teaching in the Chinese perspective.展开更多
文摘A total of 5 biochemically characterized lipase positive bacterial strains were screened for Polyhydroxyalkanoates(PHA)production by Nile blue staining and confirmation was done by Sudan Black B.PHA production ability for all strains was optimized followed by time profiling calculation and comparison via using glucose and two plant oils i.e.,canola and mustard oil.Quantitative analysis showed that glucose can serve as a carbon source for maximum biomass(2.5 g/L CDW for strain 5)and PHA production(70.3%for strain 2).PHA produced by strain 2 was further analyzed for its chemical composition and type via Fourier Transform Infrared(FT-IR)spectroscopy.It revealed homopolymer(PHB)and copolymer(PHB-co-PHV)production of PHA(peaks at 1743 cm-1 and 2861 cm-1,respectively)with both canola and mustard oil unlike glucose which produced only homopolymer one i.e.,PHB(peaks at 1110 cm-1,1411 cm-1 and 1650 cm-1).Crystallinity of FT-IR analyzed PHA was calculated using mathematical formulas which showed decrease from glucose to canola to mustard oil.This study revealed that plant oils can serve as better carbon source to produce better quality(ductile and copolymer)PHA.Moreover,16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis showed that strain 1,strain 2,strain 3,strain 4 and strain 5 are Stenotrophomonas sp.N3,Exiguobacterium sp.N4,Exiguobacterium sp.Ch3,Cellulosimicrobium sp.A8 and Klebsiella sp.LFSM2,respectively.
文摘This research venture investigates the trends and motives behind the English learning as a second language. The author has used the Chinese binoculars to probe into the phenomenon of English learning and teaching. English language has become an international tool of communication and business. Professional and students at China's Mainland have been learning English since long but this trend has been increased in the recent years due to the wave of globalization and also owing to the enormous emerging economy of China. Internationalization of education and the quest of knowing the culture and civilizations have spurred the need for English learning. The authors have performed a questionnaire based research with the sample of 130 university students learning Chinese at different English learning institutes at Xi＇an, Shanxi, China. The analysis of the findings in this research highlights the reasons behind the growing trends of English learning and also describes the teaching methodology for effective language teaching in the Chinese perspective.
