The purpose of this study was to gain insight into the mechanism of iron dextran(DexFe)absorption in the intestines.A total of 72 piglets(average BW=7.12±0.75 kg,male to female ratio=1:1)weaned at 28 d of age wer...The purpose of this study was to gain insight into the mechanism of iron dextran(DexFe)absorption in the intestines.A total of 72 piglets(average BW=7.12±0.75 kg,male to female ratio=1:1)weaned at 28 d of age were randomly divided into two treatment groups with six replicates for each group.The experimental diets included the basal diet supplemented with 100 mg/kg iron dextran(DexFe group)and the basal diet supplemented with 100 mg/kg FeSO_(4)$H_(2)O(CON group).The experiment lasted for 28 d.The piglets'intestinal iron transport was measured in vitro using an Ussing chamber.Porcine intestinal epithelial cell line(IPEC-J2)cells were used to develop a monolayer cell model that explored the molecular mechanism of DexFe absorption.Results showed that compared to the CON group,the ADG of pigs in the DexFe group was improved(P=0.022),while the F/G was decreased(P=0.015).The serum iron concentration,apparent iron digestibility,and iron deposition in the duodenum,jejunum,and ileum were increased(P<0.05)by dietary DexFe supplementation.Piglets in the DexFe group had higher serum red blood count,hemoglobin,serum iron content,serum ferritin and transferrin levels and lower total iron binding capacity(P<0.05).In the Ussing chamber test,the iron absorption rate of the DexFe group was greater(P<0.001)than the CON group,and there was no significant difference between the DexFe group and the glucose group(P>0.05).Furthermore,when compared to the CON group,DexFe administration improved(P<0.05)SLC2A5 gene and glucose transporter 5(GLUT5)protein expression but had no effect(P>0.05)on SLC11A2 gene or divalent metal transporter 1(DMT1)protein expression.Once the GLUT5 protein was suppressed,the iron transport rate and apparent permeability coefficient were decreased(P<0.05)in IPEC-J2 monolayer cell models.The findings suggest the effectiveness of DexFe application in weaned piglets and revealed for the first time that DexFe absorption in the intestine is closely related to the glucose transporter GLUT5 protein channel.展开更多
The intestinal tract is a host to 100 trillion of microbes that have co-evolved with mammals over the millennia.These commensal organisms are critical to the host survival.The roles that symbiotic microorganisms play ...The intestinal tract is a host to 100 trillion of microbes that have co-evolved with mammals over the millennia.These commensal organisms are critical to the host survival.The roles that symbiotic microorganisms play in the digestion,absorption,and metabolism of nutrients have been clearly demonstrated.Additionally,commensals are indispensable in regulating host immunity.This is evidenced by the poorly developed gut immune system of germ-free mice,which can be corrected by transplantation of specific commensal bacteria.Recent advances in our understanding of the mechanism of host emicrobial interaction have provided the basis for this interaction.This paper reviews some of these key studies,with a specific focus on the effect of the microbiome on the immune organ development,nonspecific immunity,specific immunity,and inflammation.展开更多
The objective of the study was to determine the role of vitamin D3(VD3) in regulating adaptation and mechanism of rats to low-phosphorus(P) diets. Rats were assigned to 4 diets containing 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%,or 0.8% P co...The objective of the study was to determine the role of vitamin D3(VD3) in regulating adaptation and mechanism of rats to low-phosphorus(P) diets. Rats were assigned to 4 diets containing 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%,or 0.8% P consisting of 5 replicate cages with 6 rats per replicate cage and fed for 7 days. Four rats from each replicate cage were treated with ethane-1-hydroxy-1,1-diphosphonicacid, tetrasodium salt(EHDP)and 2 rats remained untreated. Twelve hours prior to preparation on d 7, two of the EHDP-treated rats received an intraperitoneal injection of VD3 [1,25-(OH)_2 D_3] at 600 ng per kg body weight, while two rats did not receive the injection. Rats that did not receive VD_3 injection had decreased(P < 0.001) P absorption, but injection of VD3 resulted in increased(P < 0.001) absorption. The effect of VD3 injection was greater(P < 0.001) for rats fed 0.2% P diet than rats fed 0.8% P diet in ileum. Sodium dependent phosphate cotransporter type IIb(Na/Pi-IIb) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D 1-α hydroxylase(CYP27 B1) mRNA level showed the same trend with P absorption. Serum concentration of VD3 and la-hydroxylase activity in rats fed 0.2% P diet were lower than those fed 0.8% P diet. The injection of VD3 increased(P < 0.001)serum concentration of VD3 and la-hydroxylase activity. Thus, VD3 increased Na/Pi-Ⅱb and CYP27 B1 mRNA level and improved serum concentration of VD3 and la-hydroxylase activity in rats fed low-P diets.展开更多
This study was to identify the effects of prebiotics supplemented in infant formula on enzyme activity and phosphate uptake in the small intestine of Sprague Dawley(SD) rats. Forty-eight healthy SD rats at15 days old(...This study was to identify the effects of prebiotics supplemented in infant formula on enzyme activity and phosphate uptake in the small intestine of Sprague Dawley(SD) rats. Forty-eight healthy SD rats at15 days old(a week before weaning) with similar weight were randomly divided into 3 groups: A(control group), B, C, with 16 rats per group. Rats in groups A, B, C were fed a standard infant formula, the standard infant formula supplemented with oligosaccharides, and the standard infant formula supplemented with polysaccharides, respectively. The feeding test was conducted for 28 d. Compared with group A, the results showed the following: 1) the activities of sucrose and lactase in the small intestine were significantly increased in SD rats of group C(P < 0.05); 2) the relative expressions of lactase gene in the anterior and posterior segments of the small intestine were significantly increased by 1.68 and 2.26 in SD rats of group C(P < 0.05), and the relative expression of Mgam gene in the posterior segment of the small intestine was significantly increased by 0.99 in SD rats of group C(P < 0.05); 3) the relative expressions of Na/Pi-IIb gene in the anterior and posterior segments of the small intestine were significantly increased by 1.85 and 2.28 in SD rats of group C(P < 0.05). These results indicate that the supplementation of infant formula with prebiotics can promote enzyme activity in the small intestine by increasing the relative expression of enzyme gene or by decreasing intestinal injury, and can increase the relative expression of Na/Pi-IIb gene. The effect of polysaccharides is better than that of oligosaccharides.展开更多
基金financially supported by the Hunan Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Animal Husbandry(grant number:20211231GCZX)of ChinaEvaluation of the Effectiveness of Iron Dextran Supplementation in Pig Diets(grant number,2022xczx-214)of Hunan Agricultural University.
文摘The purpose of this study was to gain insight into the mechanism of iron dextran(DexFe)absorption in the intestines.A total of 72 piglets(average BW=7.12±0.75 kg,male to female ratio=1:1)weaned at 28 d of age were randomly divided into two treatment groups with six replicates for each group.The experimental diets included the basal diet supplemented with 100 mg/kg iron dextran(DexFe group)and the basal diet supplemented with 100 mg/kg FeSO_(4)$H_(2)O(CON group).The experiment lasted for 28 d.The piglets'intestinal iron transport was measured in vitro using an Ussing chamber.Porcine intestinal epithelial cell line(IPEC-J2)cells were used to develop a monolayer cell model that explored the molecular mechanism of DexFe absorption.Results showed that compared to the CON group,the ADG of pigs in the DexFe group was improved(P=0.022),while the F/G was decreased(P=0.015).The serum iron concentration,apparent iron digestibility,and iron deposition in the duodenum,jejunum,and ileum were increased(P<0.05)by dietary DexFe supplementation.Piglets in the DexFe group had higher serum red blood count,hemoglobin,serum iron content,serum ferritin and transferrin levels and lower total iron binding capacity(P<0.05).In the Ussing chamber test,the iron absorption rate of the DexFe group was greater(P<0.001)than the CON group,and there was no significant difference between the DexFe group and the glucose group(P>0.05).Furthermore,when compared to the CON group,DexFe administration improved(P<0.05)SLC2A5 gene and glucose transporter 5(GLUT5)protein expression but had no effect(P>0.05)on SLC11A2 gene or divalent metal transporter 1(DMT1)protein expression.Once the GLUT5 protein was suppressed,the iron transport rate and apparent permeability coefficient were decreased(P<0.05)in IPEC-J2 monolayer cell models.The findings suggest the effectiveness of DexFe application in weaned piglets and revealed for the first time that DexFe absorption in the intestine is closely related to the glucose transporter GLUT5 protein channel.
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(grant number 2018YFD0501403-2.3 and 2018YFD0500605)
文摘The intestinal tract is a host to 100 trillion of microbes that have co-evolved with mammals over the millennia.These commensal organisms are critical to the host survival.The roles that symbiotic microorganisms play in the digestion,absorption,and metabolism of nutrients have been clearly demonstrated.Additionally,commensals are indispensable in regulating host immunity.This is evidenced by the poorly developed gut immune system of germ-free mice,which can be corrected by transplantation of specific commensal bacteria.Recent advances in our understanding of the mechanism of host emicrobial interaction have provided the basis for this interaction.This paper reviews some of these key studies,with a specific focus on the effect of the microbiome on the immune organ development,nonspecific immunity,specific immunity,and inflammation.
基金supported by grants from the Nature Science Foundation (31201810, to M H Cao 31572419, to R J Fang)+1 种基金Education Department of Hunan Province(138039, to M H Cao)Innovation Team Funds Of Hunan Province (to J H He)
文摘The objective of the study was to determine the role of vitamin D3(VD3) in regulating adaptation and mechanism of rats to low-phosphorus(P) diets. Rats were assigned to 4 diets containing 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%,or 0.8% P consisting of 5 replicate cages with 6 rats per replicate cage and fed for 7 days. Four rats from each replicate cage were treated with ethane-1-hydroxy-1,1-diphosphonicacid, tetrasodium salt(EHDP)and 2 rats remained untreated. Twelve hours prior to preparation on d 7, two of the EHDP-treated rats received an intraperitoneal injection of VD3 [1,25-(OH)_2 D_3] at 600 ng per kg body weight, while two rats did not receive the injection. Rats that did not receive VD_3 injection had decreased(P < 0.001) P absorption, but injection of VD3 resulted in increased(P < 0.001) absorption. The effect of VD3 injection was greater(P < 0.001) for rats fed 0.2% P diet than rats fed 0.8% P diet in ileum. Sodium dependent phosphate cotransporter type IIb(Na/Pi-IIb) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D 1-α hydroxylase(CYP27 B1) mRNA level showed the same trend with P absorption. Serum concentration of VD3 and la-hydroxylase activity in rats fed 0.2% P diet were lower than those fed 0.8% P diet. The injection of VD3 increased(P < 0.001)serum concentration of VD3 and la-hydroxylase activity. Thus, VD3 increased Na/Pi-Ⅱb and CYP27 B1 mRNA level and improved serum concentration of VD3 and la-hydroxylase activity in rats fed low-P diets.
基金supported by the infant formula of Ausnutria feeding animal experiment study in Central South University(No.H201610130690001)
文摘This study was to identify the effects of prebiotics supplemented in infant formula on enzyme activity and phosphate uptake in the small intestine of Sprague Dawley(SD) rats. Forty-eight healthy SD rats at15 days old(a week before weaning) with similar weight were randomly divided into 3 groups: A(control group), B, C, with 16 rats per group. Rats in groups A, B, C were fed a standard infant formula, the standard infant formula supplemented with oligosaccharides, and the standard infant formula supplemented with polysaccharides, respectively. The feeding test was conducted for 28 d. Compared with group A, the results showed the following: 1) the activities of sucrose and lactase in the small intestine were significantly increased in SD rats of group C(P < 0.05); 2) the relative expressions of lactase gene in the anterior and posterior segments of the small intestine were significantly increased by 1.68 and 2.26 in SD rats of group C(P < 0.05), and the relative expression of Mgam gene in the posterior segment of the small intestine was significantly increased by 0.99 in SD rats of group C(P < 0.05); 3) the relative expressions of Na/Pi-IIb gene in the anterior and posterior segments of the small intestine were significantly increased by 1.85 and 2.28 in SD rats of group C(P < 0.05). These results indicate that the supplementation of infant formula with prebiotics can promote enzyme activity in the small intestine by increasing the relative expression of enzyme gene or by decreasing intestinal injury, and can increase the relative expression of Na/Pi-IIb gene. The effect of polysaccharides is better than that of oligosaccharides.
