This research was aimed to evaluate the productivity of native pasture in Timor Island by introducing various palatable species.The study was carried out on native pasture in Tuatuka,Timor Island for seven months.The ...This research was aimed to evaluate the productivity of native pasture in Timor Island by introducing various palatable species.The study was carried out on native pasture in Tuatuka,Timor Island for seven months.The study was performed by using randomized block design(RBD)with eight treatments(S0:no introduction,S1:Cynodon dactilon,S2:Dicanthium aristatum,S3:C.plectotachyus,S4:Brachiaria decumbens,S5:Desmanthus virgatus,S6:Macroptilium atropurpureum,S7:Clitoria ternatea)with four replications.Procedures on this study include trial plots preparation,tillers preparation for each species,introduction of species in trial plots,maintenance and observation of the productivity.Variables observed were forage production(fresh and dry matter(DM)in ton/ha),nutrient content(%)and stock capacity(animal unit(AU)/ha).Data were analyzed for variance based on RBD and followed by Duncan’s test.Analysis of variance showed that introduction of species had a very significant effect(p<0.01)on all observed variables.The introduction of M.atropurpureum produced the highest fresh forage(2.1 t/ha)and DM production(0.69 t/ha).M.atropurpureum also had the highest DM content(43.61%),nitrogen free extract(52.52%)and stock capacity(1.06 AU/ha).The highest crude protein and crude fiber content were found in D.virgatus(4.31%and 36.62%).The highest extract ether was observed in D.aristatum(1.48%).No introduction had the lowest productivity,but demonstrated the highest ash content.The introduction of palatable species increased the productivity of native pasture in Timor and M.atropupureum was the best introduced species.展开更多
Tamarind seeds are one of the waste crops that were usually given to pigs and the use of spontaneous bioconversion can increase digestibility. The research objective was to evaluate nutrient digestibility spontaneous ...Tamarind seeds are one of the waste crops that were usually given to pigs and the use of spontaneous bioconversion can increase digestibility. The research objective was to evaluate nutrient digestibility spontaneous bioconversion of tamarind seeds at Timor Local Pig. The study was conducted from May to July 2017 in the Laboratory of Animal Production and Reproduction of Kupang State Agricultural Polytechnic. The study used local male pigs grower phase of 3-4 months old aged and used a randomized block design with four treatments and five replications, namely R0 = ration without bioconversion spontaneous tamarind seeds, R1 = rations containing 10% bioconversion spontaneous tamarind seeds, R2 = ration containing 20% bioconversion spontaneous tamarind seeds, R3 = ration containing 30% bioconversion spontaneous tamarind seeds. The variables measured were dry matter digestibility, crude protein, crude fiber, and tannins. The results showed that spontaneous bioconversion of tamarind seeds affected significantly （p 〈 0.01） on dry matter digestibility, crude protein, ether extract, ash, and tannin digestibility but no effect （p 〉 0.05） on crude fiber digestibility. It was concluded that the use of tamarind seeds spontaneous bioconversion in livestock rations of local pigs Timor should be as much as 20%.展开更多
The hard seed husk and the presence of tannin anti-nutrient in tamarind seeds are an obstacle to its use as animal feed. Soaking as a pretreatment and fermentation can lower the limitations, The aim of this study was ...The hard seed husk and the presence of tannin anti-nutrient in tamarind seeds are an obstacle to its use as animal feed. Soaking as a pretreatment and fermentation can lower the limitations, The aim of this study was to evaluate of dry matter, organic matter and energy content of tamarind seeds using processing method of soaking and fermentation using palm juice. Tamarind seeds were collected then sorted using floating test. The sorted seeds then soaked in water, drained, mixed with palm juice then fermented. The study used a randomized complete design with a 3~3 factorial patem and 3 replications. First factor was length of soaking （W0 = 0 days, W1 = 2 days, and W2 = 4 days）, second factor was level of palm juice （L0 = 0% of palm juice, L1 = 20% of palm juice, and L2 = 40% of palm juice）, and third factor was length of fermentation （F0 = 0 hours, F1 = 36 hours, F2 = 72 hours, and F3 = 108 hours）. Parameters observed were dry matter, organic matter, and energy content. The results showed that there was interaction between soaking time, palm juice level, and fermentation time to dry matter, organic matter, and whole tamarind seed as well as best combination for treatment with 2 days soaking time, 20% palm juice level and fermentation time 72 hours. It is recommended to perform the digestibility test to be applied to pigs.展开更多
文摘This research was aimed to evaluate the productivity of native pasture in Timor Island by introducing various palatable species.The study was carried out on native pasture in Tuatuka,Timor Island for seven months.The study was performed by using randomized block design(RBD)with eight treatments(S0:no introduction,S1:Cynodon dactilon,S2:Dicanthium aristatum,S3:C.plectotachyus,S4:Brachiaria decumbens,S5:Desmanthus virgatus,S6:Macroptilium atropurpureum,S7:Clitoria ternatea)with four replications.Procedures on this study include trial plots preparation,tillers preparation for each species,introduction of species in trial plots,maintenance and observation of the productivity.Variables observed were forage production(fresh and dry matter(DM)in ton/ha),nutrient content(%)and stock capacity(animal unit(AU)/ha).Data were analyzed for variance based on RBD and followed by Duncan’s test.Analysis of variance showed that introduction of species had a very significant effect(p<0.01)on all observed variables.The introduction of M.atropurpureum produced the highest fresh forage(2.1 t/ha)and DM production(0.69 t/ha).M.atropurpureum also had the highest DM content(43.61%),nitrogen free extract(52.52%)and stock capacity(1.06 AU/ha).The highest crude protein and crude fiber content were found in D.virgatus(4.31%and 36.62%).The highest extract ether was observed in D.aristatum(1.48%).No introduction had the lowest productivity,but demonstrated the highest ash content.The introduction of palatable species increased the productivity of native pasture in Timor and M.atropupureum was the best introduced species.
文摘Tamarind seeds are one of the waste crops that were usually given to pigs and the use of spontaneous bioconversion can increase digestibility. The research objective was to evaluate nutrient digestibility spontaneous bioconversion of tamarind seeds at Timor Local Pig. The study was conducted from May to July 2017 in the Laboratory of Animal Production and Reproduction of Kupang State Agricultural Polytechnic. The study used local male pigs grower phase of 3-4 months old aged and used a randomized block design with four treatments and five replications, namely R0 = ration without bioconversion spontaneous tamarind seeds, R1 = rations containing 10% bioconversion spontaneous tamarind seeds, R2 = ration containing 20% bioconversion spontaneous tamarind seeds, R3 = ration containing 30% bioconversion spontaneous tamarind seeds. The variables measured were dry matter digestibility, crude protein, crude fiber, and tannins. The results showed that spontaneous bioconversion of tamarind seeds affected significantly （p 〈 0.01） on dry matter digestibility, crude protein, ether extract, ash, and tannin digestibility but no effect （p 〉 0.05） on crude fiber digestibility. It was concluded that the use of tamarind seeds spontaneous bioconversion in livestock rations of local pigs Timor should be as much as 20%.
文摘The hard seed husk and the presence of tannin anti-nutrient in tamarind seeds are an obstacle to its use as animal feed. Soaking as a pretreatment and fermentation can lower the limitations, The aim of this study was to evaluate of dry matter, organic matter and energy content of tamarind seeds using processing method of soaking and fermentation using palm juice. Tamarind seeds were collected then sorted using floating test. The sorted seeds then soaked in water, drained, mixed with palm juice then fermented. The study used a randomized complete design with a 3~3 factorial patem and 3 replications. First factor was length of soaking （W0 = 0 days, W1 = 2 days, and W2 = 4 days）, second factor was level of palm juice （L0 = 0% of palm juice, L1 = 20% of palm juice, and L2 = 40% of palm juice）, and third factor was length of fermentation （F0 = 0 hours, F1 = 36 hours, F2 = 72 hours, and F3 = 108 hours）. Parameters observed were dry matter, organic matter, and energy content. The results showed that there was interaction between soaking time, palm juice level, and fermentation time to dry matter, organic matter, and whole tamarind seed as well as best combination for treatment with 2 days soaking time, 20% palm juice level and fermentation time 72 hours. It is recommended to perform the digestibility test to be applied to pigs.
