This study investigated antibiotics in pig feed and drinking water and their excretion together with manure and wastewater at a typical pig farm in Thailand.Among the 21 antibiotics analyzed,tetracyclines,macrolides,b...This study investigated antibiotics in pig feed and drinking water and their excretion together with manure and wastewater at a typical pig farm in Thailand.Among the 21 antibiotics analyzed,tetracyclines,macrolides,b-lactams,aminoglycosides,quinolones,sulfonamides,pleuromutilin,and florfenicol classes,were found as active ingredients in feed and drinking water and excreted together with pig wastes.Among them,doxycycline,tilmicosin,and amoxicillin were detected higher concentrations in wastewater(12.9e459.1 mg L^(-1)),sediment(0.074e0.62 mg kg^(-1)),and pig manure(0.45e4.1 mg kg^(-1)).During wastewater treatment,those major antibiotics were remaining in pond water and settled sludge up to 79.5 mg L-1 and 24.2 mg kg^(-1),respectively.The normalized excretion mass of total antibiotics was determined as 11.2 mg head-1 day-1,contributed mainly from doxycycline(5.9 mg head-1 day-1),tilmicosin(2.8 mg head-1 day-1),and amoxicillin(2.2 mg head-1 day-1).Based on total pig production in Thailand,the excreted mass of antibiotics was estimated at 79.3 tons year-1.展开更多
基金the Office of National Higher Education Science Research and Innovation Policy Council via the Program Management Unit for Human Resource&Institutional Development,Research and Innovation(PMU-B),grant number B16F630088.
文摘This study investigated antibiotics in pig feed and drinking water and their excretion together with manure and wastewater at a typical pig farm in Thailand.Among the 21 antibiotics analyzed,tetracyclines,macrolides,b-lactams,aminoglycosides,quinolones,sulfonamides,pleuromutilin,and florfenicol classes,were found as active ingredients in feed and drinking water and excreted together with pig wastes.Among them,doxycycline,tilmicosin,and amoxicillin were detected higher concentrations in wastewater(12.9e459.1 mg L^(-1)),sediment(0.074e0.62 mg kg^(-1)),and pig manure(0.45e4.1 mg kg^(-1)).During wastewater treatment,those major antibiotics were remaining in pond water and settled sludge up to 79.5 mg L-1 and 24.2 mg kg^(-1),respectively.The normalized excretion mass of total antibiotics was determined as 11.2 mg head-1 day-1,contributed mainly from doxycycline(5.9 mg head-1 day-1),tilmicosin(2.8 mg head-1 day-1),and amoxicillin(2.2 mg head-1 day-1).Based on total pig production in Thailand,the excreted mass of antibiotics was estimated at 79.3 tons year-1.
