Anthropogenic disturbances are causing significant impacts on plant distribution worldwide,and many of these effects are driven by changes in the recruitment patterns of plant species.Global warming and land-use chang...Anthropogenic disturbances are causing significant impacts on plant distribution worldwide,and many of these effects are driven by changes in the recruitment patterns of plant species.Global warming and land-use change are two major disturbances leading to changes in germination strategies by changing both soil temperature regimes and light quality reaching the seeds due to soil disturbance.Investigating the range,overlap,and redundancy of niche germination of co-occurring plant species allows us to understand whether endemic species are threatened either by native non-endemic or by alien species,especially in an ecosystem of restricted distribution such as the campo rupestre.Employing a systematic review,this study aimed to evaluate the effect of temperature increase and seed burial on the germination of endemic and non-endemic species in the campo rupestre in Brazil.We performed a metaanalysis using increased temperature and darkness as proxies for the impact of disturbance on germination patterns.In this context,we hypothesized that:increased temperature and darkness negatively influence the germination of native species and positively influence the germination of alien species in the campo rupestre.Specifically,we expect the negative effect to be more pronounced in endemic species than in native non-endemic species.Moreover,we intend to describe the role of seed size in the germination of native and alien species from campo rupestre in the context of increased temperature and darkness.Our analysis showed that increased temperature influenced the germination of alien species by ca.55%,while it did not influence the germination of endemic or native non-endemic species.Furthermore,the germination of alien species under higher temperatures was promoted by increasing seed size.Darkness negatively influenced seed germination of native species,independent of their distribution.Moreover,under darkness conditions,the germination of endemic seeds decreased with seed size.Through their direct effects on germination strategies,we conclude that warming temperatures and land-use change can lead to a long-term displacement of endemic species by native non-endemic and alien species in campo rupestre,thus compromising ecosystem services and conservation of these fragile physiognomies in the near future.展开更多
Forest-grassland mosaics comprise a major component of tropical landscapes,hosting invaluable biodiversity and providing essential ecosystem services to hundreds of millions of people worldwide.While open biomes often...Forest-grassland mosaics comprise a major component of tropical landscapes,hosting invaluable biodiversity and providing essential ecosystem services to hundreds of millions of people worldwide.While open biomes often benefit from disturbance,forests can particularly be susceptible to structural changes resulting from such disruptions.Here we evaluate the influence of fire on the structure and landscape properties within natural forest islands immersed in a matrix of megadiverse montane grasslands.We conducted this study in 15 forest islands located in southeastern Brazil,assessing its fire frequency,intensity,and post-fire time over an eleven-year period from January 2012 to December 2022.Our results show that fire frequency is linked to soil characteristics and the percentage of herbaceous cover within the forest islands.We also found that the post-fire time is related to the percentage cover of the forest islands’associated herbs and shrubs.However,neither fire frequency,intensity,nor post-fire time was connected to significant changes in plant species richness,abundance,or in the upper vegetation strata(tree species richness and abundance,and canopy cover)in the interior of the forest islands.Furthermore,these fire-related variables did not result in temporal changes in the forest island’s canopy variation or landscape metrics.Our results underscore a low fire frequency and intensity within our study area,potentially explaining the limited fire-associated impact,and primarily on the lower vegetation strata.Despite acknowledging the relative stability of these forest islands under current fire regimes,we suggest further studies that can experimentally manipulate not only fire but also other anthropic disturbances for understanding the temporal dynamics of the forest islands and,consequently,their preservation.This perspective is indispensable for comprehensively understanding the ecological consequences of anthropogenic disturbances in natural forest islands.展开更多
基金financial support from CNPq/Peld CRSC,Fapemig,CAPES,Anglo American,and Vale.
文摘Anthropogenic disturbances are causing significant impacts on plant distribution worldwide,and many of these effects are driven by changes in the recruitment patterns of plant species.Global warming and land-use change are two major disturbances leading to changes in germination strategies by changing both soil temperature regimes and light quality reaching the seeds due to soil disturbance.Investigating the range,overlap,and redundancy of niche germination of co-occurring plant species allows us to understand whether endemic species are threatened either by native non-endemic or by alien species,especially in an ecosystem of restricted distribution such as the campo rupestre.Employing a systematic review,this study aimed to evaluate the effect of temperature increase and seed burial on the germination of endemic and non-endemic species in the campo rupestre in Brazil.We performed a metaanalysis using increased temperature and darkness as proxies for the impact of disturbance on germination patterns.In this context,we hypothesized that:increased temperature and darkness negatively influence the germination of native species and positively influence the germination of alien species in the campo rupestre.Specifically,we expect the negative effect to be more pronounced in endemic species than in native non-endemic species.Moreover,we intend to describe the role of seed size in the germination of native and alien species from campo rupestre in the context of increased temperature and darkness.Our analysis showed that increased temperature influenced the germination of alien species by ca.55%,while it did not influence the germination of endemic or native non-endemic species.Furthermore,the germination of alien species under higher temperatures was promoted by increasing seed size.Darkness negatively influenced seed germination of native species,independent of their distribution.Moreover,under darkness conditions,the germination of endemic seeds decreased with seed size.Through their direct effects on germination strategies,we conclude that warming temperatures and land-use change can lead to a long-term displacement of endemic species by native non-endemic and alien species in campo rupestre,thus compromising ecosystem services and conservation of these fragile physiognomies in the near future.
基金supported by the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development(CNPq)(PELD-441515/2016-9)Minas Gerais State Research Foundation(FAPEMIG)for the funding of the long-term ecological research"PELD Campos Rupestres da Serra do Cipó",and by the Bio-Bridge Initiative(BBI)/CDB-Cascading Long Term Effects of Fire on Savanna Biodiversity in the Southern Hemisphere,Brazil and Namibia for providing additional resources to carry out the study.JK thanks the INCT EECBio(Ecologia,Evolução e Conservação da Biodiversidade)and CNPq for a postdoctoral grant(380009/2023-4)+3 种基金YO thanks Fapemig for her postdoctoral grant(APQ 0031-19)FC thanks CAPES,and FAPEMIG for postdoctoral grants.FSN and GWF thank CNPq for the fellowship grant.DRM thanks CNPq(311002/2023-4)for fundingBSSF and BDA thank Fapemig.RA and LA thanks FONCyT(PICT 2019-1897).EF thanks BBI(UN Environment Programme).APL and BRS thank Fapemig(APQ 0031-19)TLSB thanks CAPES and CNPq.FFG thanks PPBio and FINEP for a postdoctoral grant(01.20.0201.00).
文摘Forest-grassland mosaics comprise a major component of tropical landscapes,hosting invaluable biodiversity and providing essential ecosystem services to hundreds of millions of people worldwide.While open biomes often benefit from disturbance,forests can particularly be susceptible to structural changes resulting from such disruptions.Here we evaluate the influence of fire on the structure and landscape properties within natural forest islands immersed in a matrix of megadiverse montane grasslands.We conducted this study in 15 forest islands located in southeastern Brazil,assessing its fire frequency,intensity,and post-fire time over an eleven-year period from January 2012 to December 2022.Our results show that fire frequency is linked to soil characteristics and the percentage of herbaceous cover within the forest islands.We also found that the post-fire time is related to the percentage cover of the forest islands’associated herbs and shrubs.However,neither fire frequency,intensity,nor post-fire time was connected to significant changes in plant species richness,abundance,or in the upper vegetation strata(tree species richness and abundance,and canopy cover)in the interior of the forest islands.Furthermore,these fire-related variables did not result in temporal changes in the forest island’s canopy variation or landscape metrics.Our results underscore a low fire frequency and intensity within our study area,potentially explaining the limited fire-associated impact,and primarily on the lower vegetation strata.Despite acknowledging the relative stability of these forest islands under current fire regimes,we suggest further studies that can experimentally manipulate not only fire but also other anthropic disturbances for understanding the temporal dynamics of the forest islands and,consequently,their preservation.This perspective is indispensable for comprehensively understanding the ecological consequences of anthropogenic disturbances in natural forest islands.
