Aim of the present review is to summarize the current knowledge about the potential relationship between mi RNAs and hepatitis B virus(HBV)-hepatitis C virus(HCV) related liver diseases. A systematic computerbased sea...Aim of the present review is to summarize the current knowledge about the potential relationship between mi RNAs and hepatitis B virus(HBV)-hepatitis C virus(HCV) related liver diseases. A systematic computerbased search of published articles, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis Statement, was performed to identify relevant studies on usefulness of serum/plasma/urine mi RNAs, as noninvasive biomarkers for early detection of HBV and HCV-induced hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) development, as well as for its prognostic evaluation. The used Medical Subject Headings terms and keywords were: "HBV", "HCV", "hepatocellular carcinoma", "micro RNAs", "mi RNAs", "diagnosis", "prognosis", "therapy", "treatment". Some serum/plasma mi RNAs, including mi R-21, mi R-122, mi-125a/b, mi R-199a/b, mi R-221, mi R-222, mi R-223, mi R-224 might serve as biomarkers for early diagnosis/prognosis of HCC, but, to date, not definitive results or well-defined panels of mi RNAs have been obtained. More well-designed studies, focusing on populations of different geographical areas and involving larger series of patients, should be carried out to improve our knowledge on the potential role of mi RNAs for HCC early detection and prognosis.展开更多
Background:Borderline resectable pancreatic cancer may require extended resections in order to achieve tumor-free margins,especially in the case of up-front resections,but it is important to know the limits of surgica...Background:Borderline resectable pancreatic cancer may require extended resections in order to achieve tumor-free margins,especially in the case of up-front resections,but it is important to know the limits of surgical therapy in this disease.This study aimed to investigate the impact of extent of pancreatic and venous resection on short-and long-term outcomes in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma(PDAC).Methods:This was a retrospective study from a prospectively maintained database of pancreatic resections for PDAC.Short-and long-term outcomes were analyzed in patients having borderline resectable PDAC submitted to up-front total pancreatectomy(TP)or pancreaticoduodenectomy(PD)with simultaneous portal vein(PV)and/or superior mesenteric vein(SMV)resection.Venous resections were carried out as tangential venous resection(TVR)or segmental venous resection(SVR).Patients were divided into 4 groups:(1)PD+TVR,(2)PD+SVR,(3)TP+TVR,(4)TP+SVR.Uni-and multivariate Cox regression analysis were performed to identify factors associated with survival.Results:Ninety-nine patients were submitted to simultaneous pancreatic and venous resection for PDAC.Among them,25 were submitted to PD+TVR(25.3%),12 to PD+SVR(12.1%),23 to TP+TVR(23.2%),and 39 to TP+SVR(39.4%).Overall,major morbidity(Clavien-Dindo grade≥IIIA)was 26.3%.Thirty-and 90-day mortality were 3%and 11.1%,respectively.There were no significant differences among groups in terms of short-term outcomes.Median overall survival of patients submitted to PD+TVR was significantly higher than those to TP+SVR(29.5 vs 7.9 months,P=0.001).Multivariate analysis identified TP(HR=2.11;95%CI:1.31–3.44;P=0.002)and SVR(HR=2.01;95%CI:1.27–3.15;P=0.003)as the only independent prognostic factors for overall survival.Conclusions:Up-front TP associated to SVR was predictive of worse survival in borderline resectable PDAC.Perioperative treatments in high-risk surgical groups may improve such poor outcomes.展开更多
AIM: To summarize the current knowledge about the potential relationship between hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection and the risk of several extra-liver cancers. METHODS: We performed a systematic review of the literatur...AIM: To summarize the current knowledge about the potential relationship between hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection and the risk of several extra-liver cancers. METHODS: We performed a systematic review of the literature, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis(PRISMA) Statement. We extracted the pertinent articles, published in MEDLINE and the Cochrane Library, using the following search terms: neoplasm/cancer/malignancy/tumor/carcinoma/adeno-carcinoma and non-Hodgkin lymphomas, kidney/renal-, cholangio-, pancreatic-, thyroid-, breast-,oral-, skin-, prostate-, lung-, colon-, stomach-, haematologic. Case series, case-series with control-group, case-control, cohort-studies as well as meta-analyses, written in English were collected. Some of the main characteristics of retrieved trials, which were designed to investigate the prevalence of HCV infection in each type of the above-mentioned human malignancies were summarised. A main table was defined and included a short description in the text for each of these tumours, whether at least five studies about a specific neoplasm, meeting inclusion criteria, were available in literature. According to these criteria, we created the following sections and the corresponding tables and we indicated the number of included or excluded articles, as well as of meta-analyses and reviews:(1) HCV and haematopoietic malignancies;(2) HCV and cholangiocarcinoma;(3) HCV and pancreatic cancer;(4) HCV and breast cancer;(5) HCV and kidney cancer;(6) HCV and skin or oral cancer; and(7) HCV and thyroid cancer. RESULTS: According to available data, a clear correlation between regions of HCV prevalence and risk of extra-liver cancers has emerged only for a very small group of types and histological subtypes of malignancies. In particular, HCV infection has been associated with:(1) a higher incidence of some B-cell Non-HodgkinLymphoma types, in countries, where an elevated prevalence of this pathogen is detectable, accounting to a percentage of about 10%;(2) an increased risk of intra-hepatic cholangiocarcinoma; and(3) a correlation between HCV prevalence and pancreatic cancer(PAC) incidence. CONCLUSION: To date no definitive conclusions may be obtained from the analysis of relationship between HCV and extra-hepatic cancers. Further studies, recruiting an adequate number of patients are requiredto confirm or deny this association.展开更多
This contribution proposes a theoretical‐empirical reflection on the relationship among the three sociological concepts identified by the authors as essential dimensions of the innovation:cultural change,education,an...This contribution proposes a theoretical‐empirical reflection on the relationship among the three sociological concepts identified by the authors as essential dimensions of the innovation:cultural change,education,and territory.The aim is to illustrate the complex relationship among these dimensions and the implications involved in terms of sociological perspectives and research tools,on the basis of the analysis of an emblematic case study:“FQTS”,Italian acronym of the project of Education of Executives and Leaders of the Third Sector in the Southern Italy.In particular,this investigation will be aimed at:(re)defining sociological concepts considered fundamental for the study of innovation;reconstructing the main empirical evidence emerging from the analysis of the case study;and summarizing the relevance of the research results,in terms of new themes and sociological perspectives,as well as of methodological questions.展开更多
The organizations operating in the public sphere can adopt various relational strategies to adapt to transformations linked to the presence of minorities and cultural diversities among its members.The emergence of the...The organizations operating in the public sphere can adopt various relational strategies to adapt to transformations linked to the presence of minorities and cultural diversities among its members.The emergence of the concept of diversity in the 1990s and the associated shifting of equal opportunities pose specific challenges in relation to minority employees.The aim of this study is to carry out a primary mapping of the diversity inclusion policies in Italian public administrations,as an emblematic example of the public sector in the Mediterranean area,and to analyse the factors that may favour the inclusion of minorities within organizations.Our approach integrates both quantitative and qualitative analysis.The research was organized in two phases:the first one was a monitoring of those public administrations sensitive to diversity policies;the second one was an analysis of 38 semi-structured interviews with privileged witnesses,including an analysis of the data and information from current activities of their organizations.An important element of originality of this contribution is that it investigates the perspectives and perceptions of the inhabitant of the Italian public administrations.Finally,this study offers concrete recommendations for the implementation of gender equality and diversity&inclusion in Italy,particularly in terms of training policies.展开更多
文摘Aim of the present review is to summarize the current knowledge about the potential relationship between mi RNAs and hepatitis B virus(HBV)-hepatitis C virus(HCV) related liver diseases. A systematic computerbased search of published articles, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis Statement, was performed to identify relevant studies on usefulness of serum/plasma/urine mi RNAs, as noninvasive biomarkers for early detection of HBV and HCV-induced hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) development, as well as for its prognostic evaluation. The used Medical Subject Headings terms and keywords were: "HBV", "HCV", "hepatocellular carcinoma", "micro RNAs", "mi RNAs", "diagnosis", "prognosis", "therapy", "treatment". Some serum/plasma mi RNAs, including mi R-21, mi R-122, mi-125a/b, mi R-199a/b, mi R-221, mi R-222, mi R-223, mi R-224 might serve as biomarkers for early diagnosis/prognosis of HCC, but, to date, not definitive results or well-defined panels of mi RNAs have been obtained. More well-designed studies, focusing on populations of different geographical areas and involving larger series of patients, should be carried out to improve our knowledge on the potential role of mi RNAs for HCC early detection and prognosis.
文摘Background:Borderline resectable pancreatic cancer may require extended resections in order to achieve tumor-free margins,especially in the case of up-front resections,but it is important to know the limits of surgical therapy in this disease.This study aimed to investigate the impact of extent of pancreatic and venous resection on short-and long-term outcomes in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma(PDAC).Methods:This was a retrospective study from a prospectively maintained database of pancreatic resections for PDAC.Short-and long-term outcomes were analyzed in patients having borderline resectable PDAC submitted to up-front total pancreatectomy(TP)or pancreaticoduodenectomy(PD)with simultaneous portal vein(PV)and/or superior mesenteric vein(SMV)resection.Venous resections were carried out as tangential venous resection(TVR)or segmental venous resection(SVR).Patients were divided into 4 groups:(1)PD+TVR,(2)PD+SVR,(3)TP+TVR,(4)TP+SVR.Uni-and multivariate Cox regression analysis were performed to identify factors associated with survival.Results:Ninety-nine patients were submitted to simultaneous pancreatic and venous resection for PDAC.Among them,25 were submitted to PD+TVR(25.3%),12 to PD+SVR(12.1%),23 to TP+TVR(23.2%),and 39 to TP+SVR(39.4%).Overall,major morbidity(Clavien-Dindo grade≥IIIA)was 26.3%.Thirty-and 90-day mortality were 3%and 11.1%,respectively.There were no significant differences among groups in terms of short-term outcomes.Median overall survival of patients submitted to PD+TVR was significantly higher than those to TP+SVR(29.5 vs 7.9 months,P=0.001).Multivariate analysis identified TP(HR=2.11;95%CI:1.31–3.44;P=0.002)and SVR(HR=2.01;95%CI:1.27–3.15;P=0.003)as the only independent prognostic factors for overall survival.Conclusions:Up-front TP associated to SVR was predictive of worse survival in borderline resectable PDAC.Perioperative treatments in high-risk surgical groups may improve such poor outcomes.
文摘AIM: To summarize the current knowledge about the potential relationship between hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection and the risk of several extra-liver cancers. METHODS: We performed a systematic review of the literature, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis(PRISMA) Statement. We extracted the pertinent articles, published in MEDLINE and the Cochrane Library, using the following search terms: neoplasm/cancer/malignancy/tumor/carcinoma/adeno-carcinoma and non-Hodgkin lymphomas, kidney/renal-, cholangio-, pancreatic-, thyroid-, breast-,oral-, skin-, prostate-, lung-, colon-, stomach-, haematologic. Case series, case-series with control-group, case-control, cohort-studies as well as meta-analyses, written in English were collected. Some of the main characteristics of retrieved trials, which were designed to investigate the prevalence of HCV infection in each type of the above-mentioned human malignancies were summarised. A main table was defined and included a short description in the text for each of these tumours, whether at least five studies about a specific neoplasm, meeting inclusion criteria, were available in literature. According to these criteria, we created the following sections and the corresponding tables and we indicated the number of included or excluded articles, as well as of meta-analyses and reviews:(1) HCV and haematopoietic malignancies;(2) HCV and cholangiocarcinoma;(3) HCV and pancreatic cancer;(4) HCV and breast cancer;(5) HCV and kidney cancer;(6) HCV and skin or oral cancer; and(7) HCV and thyroid cancer. RESULTS: According to available data, a clear correlation between regions of HCV prevalence and risk of extra-liver cancers has emerged only for a very small group of types and histological subtypes of malignancies. In particular, HCV infection has been associated with:(1) a higher incidence of some B-cell Non-HodgkinLymphoma types, in countries, where an elevated prevalence of this pathogen is detectable, accounting to a percentage of about 10%;(2) an increased risk of intra-hepatic cholangiocarcinoma; and(3) a correlation between HCV prevalence and pancreatic cancer(PAC) incidence. CONCLUSION: To date no definitive conclusions may be obtained from the analysis of relationship between HCV and extra-hepatic cancers. Further studies, recruiting an adequate number of patients are requiredto confirm or deny this association.
文摘This contribution proposes a theoretical‐empirical reflection on the relationship among the three sociological concepts identified by the authors as essential dimensions of the innovation:cultural change,education,and territory.The aim is to illustrate the complex relationship among these dimensions and the implications involved in terms of sociological perspectives and research tools,on the basis of the analysis of an emblematic case study:“FQTS”,Italian acronym of the project of Education of Executives and Leaders of the Third Sector in the Southern Italy.In particular,this investigation will be aimed at:(re)defining sociological concepts considered fundamental for the study of innovation;reconstructing the main empirical evidence emerging from the analysis of the case study;and summarizing the relevance of the research results,in terms of new themes and sociological perspectives,as well as of methodological questions.
文摘The organizations operating in the public sphere can adopt various relational strategies to adapt to transformations linked to the presence of minorities and cultural diversities among its members.The emergence of the concept of diversity in the 1990s and the associated shifting of equal opportunities pose specific challenges in relation to minority employees.The aim of this study is to carry out a primary mapping of the diversity inclusion policies in Italian public administrations,as an emblematic example of the public sector in the Mediterranean area,and to analyse the factors that may favour the inclusion of minorities within organizations.Our approach integrates both quantitative and qualitative analysis.The research was organized in two phases:the first one was a monitoring of those public administrations sensitive to diversity policies;the second one was an analysis of 38 semi-structured interviews with privileged witnesses,including an analysis of the data and information from current activities of their organizations.An important element of originality of this contribution is that it investigates the perspectives and perceptions of the inhabitant of the Italian public administrations.Finally,this study offers concrete recommendations for the implementation of gender equality and diversity&inclusion in Italy,particularly in terms of training policies.
