Rapidly-exploring Random Tree(RRT)and its variants have become foundational in path-planning research,yet in complex three-dimensional off-road environments their uniform blind sampling and limited safety guarantees l...Rapidly-exploring Random Tree(RRT)and its variants have become foundational in path-planning research,yet in complex three-dimensional off-road environments their uniform blind sampling and limited safety guarantees lead to slow convergence and force an unfavorable trade-off between path quality and traversal safety.To address these challenges,we introduce HS-APF-RRT*,a novel algorithm that fuses layered sampling,an enhanced Artificial Potential Field(APF),and a dynamic neighborhood-expansion mechanism.First,the workspace is hierarchically partitioned into macro,meso,and micro sampling layers,progressively biasing random samples toward safer,lower-energy regions.Second,we augment the traditional APF by incorporating a slope-dependent repulsive term,enabling stronger avoidance of steep obstacles.Third,a dynamic expansion strategy adaptively switches between 8 and 16 connected neighborhoods based on local obstacle density,striking an effective balance between search efficiency and collision-avoidance precision.In simulated off-road scenarios,HS-APF-RRT*is benchmarked against RRT*,GoalBiased RRT*,and APF-RRT*,and demonstrates significantly faster convergence,lower path-energy consumption,and enhanced safety margins.展开更多
Sepsis-associated acute kidney injury(SA-AKI)represents a leading contributor to the elevated mortality observed in sepsis patients.In the present study,we conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis to assess the clinica...Sepsis-associated acute kidney injury(SA-AKI)represents a leading contributor to the elevated mortality observed in sepsis patients.In the present study,we conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis to assess the clinical effectiveness of continuous renal replacement therapy(CRRT)in combination with Xuebijing injection for the treatment of SA-AKI.A systematic search was performed across major databases,including CNKI,VIP,Sinomed,WanFang,PubMed,and the Cochrane Library,covering publications up to January 2025.Quality assessment and statistical analyses were carried out using RevMan 5.4.The pooled results demonstrated that the adjunctive use of Xuebijing injection with CRRT,as compared to CRRT alone,yielded significantly better outcomes.Specifically,this combined therapy was associated with enhanced recovery of renal function,more effective clearance of inflammatory mediators,improved immune modulation,better regulation of coagulation parameters,and a marked reduction in mortality among SA-AKI patients.展开更多
Landing spacecraft experience significant impact forces during landing,resulting in large deformation and failure in the soil surface,which severely affects landing safety and stability.This paper establishes a smooth...Landing spacecraft experience significant impact forces during landing,resulting in large deformation and failure in the soil surface,which severely affects landing safety and stability.This paper establishes a smoothed particle hydrodynamics(SPH)model based on the theory of soil elastoplastic constitutive relations to describe the process of a lander’s footpad impacting lunar regolith vertically.The model can provide engineering indices such as impact load and penetration depth,and illustrate the large deformation and crater characteristics of the regolith.A detailed analysis of the response of the footpad and lunar regolith during landing reveals that the process can be broadly divided into two stages of rapid penetration and oscillatory attenuation.Furthermore,there are significant similarities in the landing process under different landing velocities and footpad masses.The research investigates the large deformation and crater characteristics of the lunar regolith bed.The results demonstrate two failure modes in the regolith.Under the impact of a footpad with a smaller mass,the final failure surface of the regolith exhibits a bowl-shaped profile with a uniformly open mouth.In contrast,under the impact of a footpad with a larger mass,the final failure surface of the regolith presents an urn-shaped profile with a large abdomen and a small opening.However,the impact craters in both scenarios show a bowl-like distribution.In cases of high-velocity impacts,the impact crater exhibits obvious blocky spalling on its sides.The SPH model developed in this study can be applied to predict the large deformation and failure response of lunar soil under the impact of rigid structures as well as the impact load and penetration depth.It effectively predicts the dynamic response of the landing process,which is expected to provide a reference for engineering design.展开更多
Objective： Targeting protein for Xenopus kinesin-like protein 2 （TPX2） is a nuclear proliferation-related protein that plays a critical role in the formation of mitotic spindle. High expression of TPX2 has been obs...Objective： Targeting protein for Xenopus kinesin-like protein 2 （TPX2） is a nuclear proliferation-related protein that plays a critical role in the formation of mitotic spindle. High expression of TPX2 has been observed in several types of tumors. However, the role of TPX2 in hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） remains unclear. Our study aimed to investigate the effect of TPX2 on HCC cell invasion. Methods： The immortalized normal human liver cell line L02 and six HCC cell lines including SMMC- 7721, BEL-7402, Huh-7, HepG2, Hep3B and SKHepl were subjected to qRT-PCR and western blot for TPX2 mRNA and protein, respectively. Furthermore, TPX2 small interfering RNA （siRNA） was used to knock down TPX2 expression in SMMC-7721 and HepG2 cells. Cell proliferation and invasion were determined by MTT and transwell assays. Otherwise, expression of p-AKT, MMP2 and MMP9 were evaluated by western blot in SMMC-7721 cells. Results： The expression of TPX2 in HCC cell lines was markedly higher than that in normal human liver cell line. TPX2 knockdown using a specific TPX2-siP, NA reduced the number of invaded cells and inhibited cell proliferation in SMMC-7721 and HepG2 cells. Furthermore, TPX2 knockdown resulted in inactivation of AKT signaling and down-regulation of MMP2 and MMP9 expression in SMMC-7721 cells. Conclusions： Our study identified that TPX2 might contribute to tumor cell invasion through activating AKT signaling and subsequently increasing MMP2 and MMP9 in HCC.展开更多
OBJECTIVE: To establish the guidelines on common cold treated with Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) in terms of pattern identification. METHODS: The guidelines were formulated by using the basic patterns of common c...OBJECTIVE: To establish the guidelines on common cold treated with Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) in terms of pattern identification. METHODS: The guidelines were formulated by using the basic patterns of common cold in ChinaPharmacopeia integrated with findings from systematic literature review and the experts' consensus on the issue in question. RESULTS: Common cold was divided into four patterns in the guidelines. The medications were recommended respectively: Ganmaoqingre granule for wind-cold exterior syndrome,Yinqiaojiedu granule for wind-heat exterior syndrome, Huoxiangzhengqi Wan for summer-heat dampness exterior syndrome and Shensu Wan for wind-cold exterior syndrome accompanied with Qi deficiency. CONCLUSION: The guidelines were primarily derived from the practice experience of TCM and the experts' consensus. The process was not strictly evidence-based because of lacking enough clinical studies. Further refinement of the guidelines should be needed as more studies are available.展开更多
The purpose of underground methane drainage technology is to prevent methane disasters and enable the efficient use of coal mine methane(CMM),and the sealing depth is a key factor that affects the performance of under...The purpose of underground methane drainage technology is to prevent methane disasters and enable the efficient use of coal mine methane(CMM),and the sealing depth is a key factor that affects the performance of underground methane drainage.In this work,the layouts of in-seam and crossing boreholes are considered to analyze the stress distribution and failure characteristics of roadway surrounding rock through a numerical simulation and field stress investigation to determine a reasonable sealing depth.The results show that the depths of the plastic and elastic zones in two experimental coal mines are 16 and 20 m respectively.Borehole sealing minimizes the air leakage through the fractures around the roadway when the sealing material covers the failure and plastic zones,and the field test results for CMM drainage at different sealing depths indicate that the CMM drainage efficiency increases with increasing sealing depth but does not change once the sealing depth exceeds the plastic zone.Moreover,sealing in the high-permeability roadway surrounding rock does not have a strong influence on the borehole sealing performance.Considering these findings,a new CMM drainage system for key sealing in the low-permeability zone was developed that is effective for improving the CMM drainage efficiency and prolonging the high-concentration CMM drainage period.The proposed approach offers a valuable quantitative analysis method for selecting the optimum sealing parameters for underground methane drainage,thereby improving considerably the drainage and utilization rates of CMM.展开更多
Quantitative real-time PCR(qPCR)is an effective and widely used method to analyze expression patterns of target genes.Selection of stable reference genes is a prerequisite for accurate normalization of target gene exp...Quantitative real-time PCR(qPCR)is an effective and widely used method to analyze expression patterns of target genes.Selection of stable reference genes is a prerequisite for accurate normalization of target gene expression by qRT-PCR.In Iris germanica L.,no studies have yet been published regarding the evaluation of potential reference genes.In this study,nine candidate reference genes were assessed at different flower developmental stages and in different tissues by four different algorithms(GeNorm,NormFinder,BestKeeper,and RefFinder).The results revealed that ACT11(Actin 11)and EF1α(Elongation factor 1 alpha)were the most stable reference genes in different tissues,whereas TUA(Tubulin alpha)and UBC9(Ubiquitin-protein ligase 9)were the most stable ones in different flower developmental stages.UBC9 and ACT11 were the most stable reference genes in all of the tested samples,while the SAMDC(S-Adenosylmethionine decarboxylase)showed the least stability.Finally,to validate the suitability of the selected reference genes,the relative expression level of IgTPS(beta-caryophyllene synthase)was assessed and highlighted the importance of suitable reference gene selection.This work constitutes the first systematic evaluation of potential reference genes in I.germanica and provides guidelines for future research on gene function and molecular mechanisms on I.germanica and related species.展开更多
Xiyanping injection,a traditional Chinese medicine injection made of andrographolide sulfonate,consisting of well-defined ingredients with antiviral,antibacterial,anti-inflammatory and antipyretic efficacy,has been wi...Xiyanping injection,a traditional Chinese medicine injection made of andrographolide sulfonate,consisting of well-defined ingredients with antiviral,antibacterial,anti-inflammatory and antipyretic efficacy,has been widely used for treating infectious diseases of respiratory and digestive systems.However,its wide applications may easily lead to unreasonable clinical medication.In order to guide the precise clinical application and rational use of Xiyanping injection,experts in related fields conducted systematically literature review,evaluated and deliberated the application of Xiyanping injection in treating acute infectious diseases using evidence-based medicine method,and jointly drafted the consensus to summarize types of acute infectious diseases in children and adults that can be treated with Xiyanping injection,and recommend the intervention time,usage and dosage,course of treatment and combined medication of the injection.Besides,the consensus elucidates the safety,precautions and contraindications of the injection,so as to provide guidance for clinical use.展开更多
Influenza is a serious public health problem that endangers the health of the global human population.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)is rich in theory and practical experience regarding the treatment of influenza,an...Influenza is a serious public health problem that endangers the health of the global human population.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)is rich in theory and practical experience regarding the treatment of influenza,and TCM treatments have shown good curative effects,but there is a dearth of standardized clinical guidance.It is necessary to formulate a clinical practice guide based on evidence-based medicine.To this end,the Specialty Committee of Emergency,China Association of Chinese Medicine(Beijing,China)organized a team of clinical experts,methodological experts,and other multidisciplinary experts to develop a guideline with integrated research methods in the first place of TCM.This guide includes 23 recommendations.The prescription section contains 16 recommendations,including 5 recommendations for mild cases,5 recommendations for severe cases,3 recommendations for critical cases,and 4 recommendations for the recovery period;the portion covering proprietary Chinese medicines forms a total of 7 recommendations.This guide aims to provide the best evidence for clinicians and related practitioners to make decisions about influenza diagnosis and treatment in Chinese medicine.展开更多
Stevia(Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni)is well known for its very sweet steviol glycosides(SGs)consisting of a common tetracyclic diterpenoid steviol backbone and a variable glycone.Steviol glycosides are 150–300 times swe...Stevia(Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni)is well known for its very sweet steviol glycosides(SGs)consisting of a common tetracyclic diterpenoid steviol backbone and a variable glycone.Steviol glycosides are 150–300 times sweeter than sucrose and are used as natural zero-calorie sweeteners.However,the most promising compounds are biosynthesized in small amounts.Based on Illumina,PacBio,and Hi-C sequencing,we constructed a chromosome-level assembly of Stevia covering 1416 Mb with a contig N50 value of 616.85 kb and a scaffold N50 value of 106.55 Mb.More than four-fifths of the Stevia genome consisted of repetitive elements.We annotated 44,143 high-confidence protein-coding genes in the high-quality genome.Genome evolution analysis suggested that Stevia and sunflower diverged~29.4 million years ago(Mya),shortly after the whole-genome duplication(WGD)event(WGD-2,~32.1 Mya)that occurred in their common ancestor.Comparative genomic analysis revealed that the expanded genes in Stevia were mainly enriched for biosynthesis of specialized metabolites,especially biosynthesis of terpenoid backbones,and for further oxidation and glycosylation of these compounds.We further identified all candidate genes involved in SG biosynthesis.Collectively,our current findings on the Stevia reference genome will be very helpful for dissecting the evolutionary history of Stevia and for discovering novel genes contributing to SG biosynthesis and other important agronomic traits in future breeding programs.展开更多
Experimentswere performed to explore the impact of sulfur nanoparticles(SNPs)on growth,Cu accumulation,and physiological and biochemical responses of oilseed rape(Brassica napus L.)inoculated with 5 mg/L Cu-amended MS...Experimentswere performed to explore the impact of sulfur nanoparticles(SNPs)on growth,Cu accumulation,and physiological and biochemical responses of oilseed rape(Brassica napus L.)inoculated with 5 mg/L Cu-amended MS medium supplemented with or without 300 mg/L SNPs exposure.Cu exerted severe phytotoxicity and inhibited plant growth.SNPs application enhanced the shoot height,root length,and dry weight of shoot and root by 34.6%,282%,41.7%and 37.1%,respectively,over Cu treatment alone,while the shoot and root Cu contents and Cu-induced lipid perodixation as the malondialdehyde(MDA)levels in shoots and roots were decreased by 37.6%,35%,28.4%and 26.8%.Further,the increases in superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD),catalase(CAT),ascorbate peroxidase(APX),glutathione reductase(GR)and glutathione S-transferase(GST)enzyme activities caused by Cu stress were mitigated in shoots(10.9%–37.1%)and roots(14.6%–35.3%)with SNPs addition.SNPs also positively counteracted the negative effects on shoot K,Ca,P,Mg,Mn,Zn and Fe contents and root K,Ca,Mg and Mn contents from Cu exposure alone,and significantly promoted the nutrients accumulation in plant.Additionally,in comparison with common bulk sulfur particles(BSPs)and sulfate,SNPs showed more positive effects on promoting growth in shoots(6.7%and 19.5%)and roots(10.9%and 15.1%),as well as lowering the shoot Cu content(40.1%and 43.3%)under Cu stress.Thus,SNPs application has potential to be a green and sustainable technology for increasing plant productivity and reducing accumulation of toxic metals in heavy metal polluted soils.展开更多
Lianhua Qingke tablets,a patented traditional Chinese medicine that has validated clinical efficacy for treating cough caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection,lack rigorous evidence-based r...Lianhua Qingke tablets,a patented traditional Chinese medicine that has validated clinical efficacy for treating cough caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection,lack rigorous evidence-based research evaluating their effect on long coronavirus disease(COVID)cough.A randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled,multicenter clinical study was conducted among patients with long COVID cough from 19 hospitals and 23 community health centers in China.Patients were randomized 1:1 to receive either Lianhua Qingke tablets or placebo orally for 14 days(four tablets,1.84 g,three times a day).The primary endpoint indicator was the disappearance of cough,with the remission of cough also considered.Among 482 randomized patients,480(full analysis set 480;per-protocol set 470;safety set 480)were included in the primary analysis.According to the full analysis,the time until cough disappearance was significantly shorter in the trial group than in the control group,with a significant increase in the 14-day cough disappearance rate.Accordingly,the time to cough remission was significantly shorter in the trial group than in the control group.The change in the total symptom score was significantly greater in the trial group than in the control group on days 7 and 14,consistent with the results indicated by the visual analog scale(VAS)and cough evaluation test(CET)scores.No serious adverse events were recorded during the study.Lianhua Qingke tablets significantly improved the clinical symptoms of patients with long COVID cough.展开更多
An E-type high-precision temperature sensor, which is adopted for upper air meteorology, was proposed in this paper. A computational fluid dynamics(CFD) method was implemented to analyze temperature rise induced by so...An E-type high-precision temperature sensor, which is adopted for upper air meteorology, was proposed in this paper. A computational fluid dynamics(CFD) method was implemented to analyze temperature rise induced by solar radiation at different altitudes and solar radiation intensities. A temperature rise correction equation was obtained by fitting the CFD results using a Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno(BFGS) method. To verify the performance of the temperature sensor, an experimental platform was constructed. Through simulations and experiments, the relationship among the altitude, solar radiation intensity and radiation temperature rise was obtaned. The root-mean-square error(RMSE) between the temperature rise derived from the correction equation and that derived from the experiments is 0.013 K. The sample determination coefficient r2 of the solar radiation error correction equation is 0.9975.展开更多
The catastrophic pandemic of the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)has caused serious harm to human life and global social economy.As of June 13,2022,there were more than 530 million confirmed cases of COVID-19 and ov...The catastrophic pandemic of the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)has caused serious harm to human life and global social economy.As of June 13,2022,there were more than 530 million confirmed cases of COVID-19 and over 6.3 million deaths[1].During the past 2 years,global studies on prevention and therapies for COVID-19 have achieved a series of promising findings,including antiviral drugs(Remdesivir,Molnupiravir,Paxlovid)and monoclonal antibodies(Bamlanivimab and Etesevimab,Sotrovimab,Casirivimab and Imdevimab)[2].展开更多
Refractive index matching(RIM)is widely used to investigate particle-liquid mixture flows.However,determining the volume fractionφin RIM is generally empirical and lacks theoretical or experimental basis.To reasonabl...Refractive index matching(RIM)is widely used to investigate particle-liquid mixture flows.However,determining the volume fractionφin RIM is generally empirical and lacks theoretical or experimental basis.To reasonably reconstruct the internalφ,this study performs systematic calibration experiments to study the relationship betweenφand the imaging indicators.The results show that the model based on area fraction c2D will induce a large error for lowφowing to the instability of the particle’s apparent size.The traditionally adopted proportional functionφ=ac2D is only valid forφnear the calibration point.A predictive model is proposed based on the size of the Voronoi cell,dpoly,which proves to be more accurate and stable in RIM experiments.The dpoly-based model is applied to dense granular flows down an inclined plane to study the internal profiles ofφand the bottom normal stress.展开更多
基金supported in part by 14th Five Year National Key R&D Program Project(Project Number:2023YFB3211001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62273339,U24A201397).
文摘Rapidly-exploring Random Tree(RRT)and its variants have become foundational in path-planning research,yet in complex three-dimensional off-road environments their uniform blind sampling and limited safety guarantees lead to slow convergence and force an unfavorable trade-off between path quality and traversal safety.To address these challenges,we introduce HS-APF-RRT*,a novel algorithm that fuses layered sampling,an enhanced Artificial Potential Field(APF),and a dynamic neighborhood-expansion mechanism.First,the workspace is hierarchically partitioned into macro,meso,and micro sampling layers,progressively biasing random samples toward safer,lower-energy regions.Second,we augment the traditional APF by incorporating a slope-dependent repulsive term,enabling stronger avoidance of steep obstacles.Third,a dynamic expansion strategy adaptively switches between 8 and 16 connected neighborhoods based on local obstacle density,striking an effective balance between search efficiency and collision-avoidance precision.In simulated off-road scenarios,HS-APF-RRT*is benchmarked against RRT*,GoalBiased RRT*,and APF-RRT*,and demonstrates significantly faster convergence,lower path-energy consumption,and enhanced safety margins.
基金The Natural Science Foundation of Joint Research Project of the China Association of Chinese Medicine(Grant No.2024-LHGG-YSBZ2004)。
文摘Sepsis-associated acute kidney injury(SA-AKI)represents a leading contributor to the elevated mortality observed in sepsis patients.In the present study,we conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis to assess the clinical effectiveness of continuous renal replacement therapy(CRRT)in combination with Xuebijing injection for the treatment of SA-AKI.A systematic search was performed across major databases,including CNKI,VIP,Sinomed,WanFang,PubMed,and the Cochrane Library,covering publications up to January 2025.Quality assessment and statistical analyses were carried out using RevMan 5.4.The pooled results demonstrated that the adjunctive use of Xuebijing injection with CRRT,as compared to CRRT alone,yielded significantly better outcomes.Specifically,this combined therapy was associated with enhanced recovery of renal function,more effective clearance of inflammatory mediators,improved immune modulation,better regulation of coagulation parameters,and a marked reduction in mortality among SA-AKI patients.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12172057 and 12032005).
文摘Landing spacecraft experience significant impact forces during landing,resulting in large deformation and failure in the soil surface,which severely affects landing safety and stability.This paper establishes a smoothed particle hydrodynamics(SPH)model based on the theory of soil elastoplastic constitutive relations to describe the process of a lander’s footpad impacting lunar regolith vertically.The model can provide engineering indices such as impact load and penetration depth,and illustrate the large deformation and crater characteristics of the regolith.A detailed analysis of the response of the footpad and lunar regolith during landing reveals that the process can be broadly divided into two stages of rapid penetration and oscillatory attenuation.Furthermore,there are significant similarities in the landing process under different landing velocities and footpad masses.The research investigates the large deformation and crater characteristics of the lunar regolith bed.The results demonstrate two failure modes in the regolith.Under the impact of a footpad with a smaller mass,the final failure surface of the regolith exhibits a bowl-shaped profile with a uniformly open mouth.In contrast,under the impact of a footpad with a larger mass,the final failure surface of the regolith presents an urn-shaped profile with a large abdomen and a small opening.However,the impact craters in both scenarios show a bowl-like distribution.In cases of high-velocity impacts,the impact crater exhibits obvious blocky spalling on its sides.The SPH model developed in this study can be applied to predict the large deformation and failure response of lunar soil under the impact of rigid structures as well as the impact load and penetration depth.It effectively predicts the dynamic response of the landing process,which is expected to provide a reference for engineering design.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81272645 and 81301743)
文摘Objective： Targeting protein for Xenopus kinesin-like protein 2 （TPX2） is a nuclear proliferation-related protein that plays a critical role in the formation of mitotic spindle. High expression of TPX2 has been observed in several types of tumors. However, the role of TPX2 in hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） remains unclear. Our study aimed to investigate the effect of TPX2 on HCC cell invasion. Methods： The immortalized normal human liver cell line L02 and six HCC cell lines including SMMC- 7721, BEL-7402, Huh-7, HepG2, Hep3B and SKHepl were subjected to qRT-PCR and western blot for TPX2 mRNA and protein, respectively. Furthermore, TPX2 small interfering RNA （siRNA） was used to knock down TPX2 expression in SMMC-7721 and HepG2 cells. Cell proliferation and invasion were determined by MTT and transwell assays. Otherwise, expression of p-AKT, MMP2 and MMP9 were evaluated by western blot in SMMC-7721 cells. Results： The expression of TPX2 in HCC cell lines was markedly higher than that in normal human liver cell line. TPX2 knockdown using a specific TPX2-siP, NA reduced the number of invaded cells and inhibited cell proliferation in SMMC-7721 and HepG2 cells. Furthermore, TPX2 knockdown resulted in inactivation of AKT signaling and down-regulation of MMP2 and MMP9 expression in SMMC-7721 cells. Conclusions： Our study identified that TPX2 might contribute to tumor cell invasion through activating AKT signaling and subsequently increasing MMP2 and MMP9 in HCC.
基金Supported by West Pacific and Asian Region, WHO and China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences the Innovative Team Project of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine(2011-CXTD-08)
文摘OBJECTIVE: To establish the guidelines on common cold treated with Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) in terms of pattern identification. METHODS: The guidelines were formulated by using the basic patterns of common cold in ChinaPharmacopeia integrated with findings from systematic literature review and the experts' consensus on the issue in question. RESULTS: Common cold was divided into four patterns in the guidelines. The medications were recommended respectively: Ganmaoqingre granule for wind-cold exterior syndrome,Yinqiaojiedu granule for wind-heat exterior syndrome, Huoxiangzhengqi Wan for summer-heat dampness exterior syndrome and Shensu Wan for wind-cold exterior syndrome accompanied with Qi deficiency. CONCLUSION: The guidelines were primarily derived from the practice experience of TCM and the experts' consensus. The process was not strictly evidence-based because of lacking enough clinical studies. Further refinement of the guidelines should be needed as more studies are available.
基金This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51974300)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2021YCPY0206 and 2020ZDPY0224)the Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(KYCX21_2467),and as a project funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions.
文摘The purpose of underground methane drainage technology is to prevent methane disasters and enable the efficient use of coal mine methane(CMM),and the sealing depth is a key factor that affects the performance of underground methane drainage.In this work,the layouts of in-seam and crossing boreholes are considered to analyze the stress distribution and failure characteristics of roadway surrounding rock through a numerical simulation and field stress investigation to determine a reasonable sealing depth.The results show that the depths of the plastic and elastic zones in two experimental coal mines are 16 and 20 m respectively.Borehole sealing minimizes the air leakage through the fractures around the roadway when the sealing material covers the failure and plastic zones,and the field test results for CMM drainage at different sealing depths indicate that the CMM drainage efficiency increases with increasing sealing depth but does not change once the sealing depth exceeds the plastic zone.Moreover,sealing in the high-permeability roadway surrounding rock does not have a strong influence on the borehole sealing performance.Considering these findings,a new CMM drainage system for key sealing in the low-permeability zone was developed that is effective for improving the CMM drainage efficiency and prolonging the high-concentration CMM drainage period.The proposed approach offers a valuable quantitative analysis method for selecting the optimum sealing parameters for underground methane drainage,thereby improving considerably the drainage and utilization rates of CMM.
基金The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31801901)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu(BK20180314)+1 种基金the Foundation of Key Laboratory of Landscaping(KF201901),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Chinathe Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources(JSPKLB201814).
文摘Quantitative real-time PCR(qPCR)is an effective and widely used method to analyze expression patterns of target genes.Selection of stable reference genes is a prerequisite for accurate normalization of target gene expression by qRT-PCR.In Iris germanica L.,no studies have yet been published regarding the evaluation of potential reference genes.In this study,nine candidate reference genes were assessed at different flower developmental stages and in different tissues by four different algorithms(GeNorm,NormFinder,BestKeeper,and RefFinder).The results revealed that ACT11(Actin 11)and EF1α(Elongation factor 1 alpha)were the most stable reference genes in different tissues,whereas TUA(Tubulin alpha)and UBC9(Ubiquitin-protein ligase 9)were the most stable ones in different flower developmental stages.UBC9 and ACT11 were the most stable reference genes in all of the tested samples,while the SAMDC(S-Adenosylmethionine decarboxylase)showed the least stability.Finally,to validate the suitability of the selected reference genes,the relative expression level of IgTPS(beta-caryophyllene synthase)was assessed and highlighted the importance of suitable reference gene selection.This work constitutes the first systematic evaluation of potential reference genes in I.germanica and provides guidelines for future research on gene function and molecular mechanisms on I.germanica and related species.
文摘Xiyanping injection,a traditional Chinese medicine injection made of andrographolide sulfonate,consisting of well-defined ingredients with antiviral,antibacterial,anti-inflammatory and antipyretic efficacy,has been widely used for treating infectious diseases of respiratory and digestive systems.However,its wide applications may easily lead to unreasonable clinical medication.In order to guide the precise clinical application and rational use of Xiyanping injection,experts in related fields conducted systematically literature review,evaluated and deliberated the application of Xiyanping injection in treating acute infectious diseases using evidence-based medicine method,and jointly drafted the consensus to summarize types of acute infectious diseases in children and adults that can be treated with Xiyanping injection,and recommend the intervention time,usage and dosage,course of treatment and combined medication of the injection.Besides,the consensus elucidates the safety,precautions and contraindications of the injection,so as to provide guidance for clinical use.
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFC0861000)the National Science and Technology Major Project of the National Health Commission(2017ZX10305501).
文摘Influenza is a serious public health problem that endangers the health of the global human population.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)is rich in theory and practical experience regarding the treatment of influenza,and TCM treatments have shown good curative effects,but there is a dearth of standardized clinical guidance.It is necessary to formulate a clinical practice guide based on evidence-based medicine.To this end,the Specialty Committee of Emergency,China Association of Chinese Medicine(Beijing,China)organized a team of clinical experts,methodological experts,and other multidisciplinary experts to develop a guideline with integrated research methods in the first place of TCM.This guide includes 23 recommendations.The prescription section contains 16 recommendations,including 5 recommendations for mild cases,5 recommendations for severe cases,3 recommendations for critical cases,and 4 recommendations for the recovery period;the portion covering proprietary Chinese medicines forms a total of 7 recommendations.This guide aims to provide the best evidence for clinicians and related practitioners to make decisions about influenza diagnosis and treatment in Chinese medicine.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31701497 and 31601371)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20160600 and BK20180312),the Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources(JSPKLB201801 and JSPKLB201832).
文摘Stevia(Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni)is well known for its very sweet steviol glycosides(SGs)consisting of a common tetracyclic diterpenoid steviol backbone and a variable glycone.Steviol glycosides are 150–300 times sweeter than sucrose and are used as natural zero-calorie sweeteners.However,the most promising compounds are biosynthesized in small amounts.Based on Illumina,PacBio,and Hi-C sequencing,we constructed a chromosome-level assembly of Stevia covering 1416 Mb with a contig N50 value of 616.85 kb and a scaffold N50 value of 106.55 Mb.More than four-fifths of the Stevia genome consisted of repetitive elements.We annotated 44,143 high-confidence protein-coding genes in the high-quality genome.Genome evolution analysis suggested that Stevia and sunflower diverged~29.4 million years ago(Mya),shortly after the whole-genome duplication(WGD)event(WGD-2,~32.1 Mya)that occurred in their common ancestor.Comparative genomic analysis revealed that the expanded genes in Stevia were mainly enriched for biosynthesis of specialized metabolites,especially biosynthesis of terpenoid backbones,and for further oxidation and glycosylation of these compounds.We further identified all candidate genes involved in SG biosynthesis.Collectively,our current findings on the Stevia reference genome will be very helpful for dissecting the evolutionary history of Stevia and for discovering novel genes contributing to SG biosynthesis and other important agronomic traits in future breeding programs.
基金supported by the Social Developmental Project of Jiangsu Province(No.BE2018715)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41907135)the Independent Research Program of Public Welfare Institutes in Jiangsu Province(No.BM2018021-6)
文摘Experimentswere performed to explore the impact of sulfur nanoparticles(SNPs)on growth,Cu accumulation,and physiological and biochemical responses of oilseed rape(Brassica napus L.)inoculated with 5 mg/L Cu-amended MS medium supplemented with or without 300 mg/L SNPs exposure.Cu exerted severe phytotoxicity and inhibited plant growth.SNPs application enhanced the shoot height,root length,and dry weight of shoot and root by 34.6%,282%,41.7%and 37.1%,respectively,over Cu treatment alone,while the shoot and root Cu contents and Cu-induced lipid perodixation as the malondialdehyde(MDA)levels in shoots and roots were decreased by 37.6%,35%,28.4%and 26.8%.Further,the increases in superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD),catalase(CAT),ascorbate peroxidase(APX),glutathione reductase(GR)and glutathione S-transferase(GST)enzyme activities caused by Cu stress were mitigated in shoots(10.9%–37.1%)and roots(14.6%–35.3%)with SNPs addition.SNPs also positively counteracted the negative effects on shoot K,Ca,P,Mg,Mn,Zn and Fe contents and root K,Ca,Mg and Mn contents from Cu exposure alone,and significantly promoted the nutrients accumulation in plant.Additionally,in comparison with common bulk sulfur particles(BSPs)and sulfate,SNPs showed more positive effects on promoting growth in shoots(6.7%and 19.5%)and roots(10.9%and 15.1%),as well as lowering the shoot Cu content(40.1%and 43.3%)under Cu stress.Thus,SNPs application has potential to be a green and sustainable technology for increasing plant productivity and reducing accumulation of toxic metals in heavy metal polluted soils.
基金supported by National Multidisciplinary Innovation Team Project of Traditional Chinese Medicine(ZYYCXTD-D-202201)Beijing Key Specialized Department for Major Epidemic Prevention and Control(Construction ProjectJingweiyi[2019]161).
文摘Lianhua Qingke tablets,a patented traditional Chinese medicine that has validated clinical efficacy for treating cough caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection,lack rigorous evidence-based research evaluating their effect on long coronavirus disease(COVID)cough.A randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled,multicenter clinical study was conducted among patients with long COVID cough from 19 hospitals and 23 community health centers in China.Patients were randomized 1:1 to receive either Lianhua Qingke tablets or placebo orally for 14 days(four tablets,1.84 g,three times a day).The primary endpoint indicator was the disappearance of cough,with the remission of cough also considered.Among 482 randomized patients,480(full analysis set 480;per-protocol set 470;safety set 480)were included in the primary analysis.According to the full analysis,the time until cough disappearance was significantly shorter in the trial group than in the control group,with a significant increase in the 14-day cough disappearance rate.Accordingly,the time to cough remission was significantly shorter in the trial group than in the control group.The change in the total symptom score was significantly greater in the trial group than in the control group on days 7 and 14,consistent with the results indicated by the visual analog scale(VAS)and cough evaluation test(CET)scores.No serious adverse events were recorded during the study.Lianhua Qingke tablets significantly improved the clinical symptoms of patients with long COVID cough.
文摘An E-type high-precision temperature sensor, which is adopted for upper air meteorology, was proposed in this paper. A computational fluid dynamics(CFD) method was implemented to analyze temperature rise induced by solar radiation at different altitudes and solar radiation intensities. A temperature rise correction equation was obtained by fitting the CFD results using a Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno(BFGS) method. To verify the performance of the temperature sensor, an experimental platform was constructed. Through simulations and experiments, the relationship among the altitude, solar radiation intensity and radiation temperature rise was obtaned. The root-mean-square error(RMSE) between the temperature rise derived from the correction equation and that derived from the experiments is 0.013 K. The sample determination coefficient r2 of the solar radiation error correction equation is 0.9975.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(A study on the correlation between TCM syndromes and disease outcome of COVID-19,No.82004505)National Key Research and Development Program of China(Real-world study of traditional Chinese medicine for COVID-19,No.2021YFC0863200).
文摘The catastrophic pandemic of the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)has caused serious harm to human life and global social economy.As of June 13,2022,there were more than 530 million confirmed cases of COVID-19 and over 6.3 million deaths[1].During the past 2 years,global studies on prevention and therapies for COVID-19 have achieved a series of promising findings,including antiviral drugs(Remdesivir,Molnupiravir,Paxlovid)and monoclonal antibodies(Bamlanivimab and Etesevimab,Sotrovimab,Casirivimab and Imdevimab)[2].
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12032005 and 12172057)。
文摘Refractive index matching(RIM)is widely used to investigate particle-liquid mixture flows.However,determining the volume fractionφin RIM is generally empirical and lacks theoretical or experimental basis.To reasonably reconstruct the internalφ,this study performs systematic calibration experiments to study the relationship betweenφand the imaging indicators.The results show that the model based on area fraction c2D will induce a large error for lowφowing to the instability of the particle’s apparent size.The traditionally adopted proportional functionφ=ac2D is only valid forφnear the calibration point.A predictive model is proposed based on the size of the Voronoi cell,dpoly,which proves to be more accurate and stable in RIM experiments.The dpoly-based model is applied to dense granular flows down an inclined plane to study the internal profiles ofφand the bottom normal stress.
