Synthesizing highly efficient,low-toxicity catalysts for the remediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)contaminated soils is crucial.Nanoscale zero-valent iron(n-ZVI)is widely used in the treatment of pollut...Synthesizing highly efficient,low-toxicity catalysts for the remediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)contaminated soils is crucial.Nanoscale zero-valent iron(n-ZVI)is widely used in the treatment of pollutants due to its high catalytic activity.However,n-ZVI is prone to aggregation and passivation.Therefore,to design an environmentally friendly,efficient,and practical catalyst material,this study designed a nanoscale zero-valent iron-loaded biochar(BC)polyacrylic acid(PAA)composite materials.Biochar and polyacrylic acid can prevent the ag-gregation of zero-valent iron and provide a large number of functional groups.The iron on the carrier is uniformly distributed,exposing active sites and activating persulfate to remove anthracene(ANT)pollutants from the soil.The BC/PAA/Fe0 system can achieve an anthracene degradation efficiency of 93.7%in soil,and the degradation efficiency of anthracene remains around 90%under both acidic and alkaline con-$$ditions.Free radical capture experiments indicate that the degradation of anthracene proceeds through the radical pathways SO4,$OH,O2 and the non-radical pathway 1O2.In addition,possible degradation pathways for anthracene have been proposed.Plant planting experiments have shown that the catalyst designed in this study has low toxicity and has excellent application prospects in thefield of soil remediation.展开更多
Improper abuse of roxarsone(ROX)in industrial production leads to harmful effects on water,soil,food,and living creatures.It is significant to detect its concentration in the environment and biosystem.Herein,two aggre...Improper abuse of roxarsone(ROX)in industrial production leads to harmful effects on water,soil,food,and living creatures.It is significant to detect its concentration in the environment and biosystem.Herein,two aggregation-induced emission(AIE)-active fluorescence probes,TPE-TPE and TPE-TPE-CN,are successfully synthesized via a sulfur(VI)fluoride exchange(SuFEx)click reaction and first employed to detect ROX in the environment and living 3T3 cells.These two probes can selectively detect ROX in water due to the synergistic effect of photoinduced electron transfer(PET)and fluorescence resonance energy transfer(FRET)between the probes and ROX.The detection limit of TPE-TPE and TPE-TPE-CN is 0.154 and 0.385μmol/L,respectively,much lower than the safety concentration stipulated by the World Health Organization(WHO).In addition,with the aid of a color discrimination application in a smartphone,these two probes can also detect ROX in real samples(such as water,soil,and cabbage),demonstrating their excellent potential for monitoring ROX in a practical environment.展开更多
Adsorption-photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants in water is an advantageous method for environmental purification.Herein,a feasible strategy is developed to construct a novel dual S-scheme heterojunctions ...Adsorption-photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants in water is an advantageous method for environmental purification.Herein,a feasible strategy is developed to construct a novel dual S-scheme heterojunctions Cu_(7)S_(4)-TiO_(2)-conjugated polymer with a donor-acceptor structure.There are abundant adsorption active sites for adsorption in the porous structure of the composites,which can rapidly capture pollutants through hydrogen bonding and π-π interactions.In addition,the dual S-scheme heterojunctions effectively improve carrier separation while maintaining a strong redox ability.Thus,the optimized 1.5% CST-130 catalysts can adsorb 71% of 20 ppm BPA in 15 min and completely remove it within 30 min with high adsorption capacity and photodegradation efficiency.Therefore,this study provides a new inspiration for synergistic adsorption and degradation of BPA and the construction of dual S-scheme heterojunction.展开更多
As one of the most attractive and eco-friendly technologies,semiconductor photocatalysis is demonstrated as a potential strategy to solve global energy shortage environmental pollution problems.Regarding semiconductor...As one of the most attractive and eco-friendly technologies,semiconductor photocatalysis is demonstrated as a potential strategy to solve global energy shortage environmental pollution problems.Regarding semiconductor-based photocatalysts,Zinc indium sulfide(ZnIn_(2)S_(4)) with various morphological structures has become research hotspots owing to its superior visible light absorption,high chemical durability and low cost.Nevertheless,the photocatalytic activity of pristine ZnIn_(2)S_(4) is unsatisfactory due to limited range of visible light absorption and fast recombination rate of light-induced electrons and holes.Different modification strategies,such as metal deposition,element doping,vacancy engineering and semiconductor combination,have been systematically developed for enhancing the photocatalytic performance of ZnIn_(2)S_(4) materials.In order to promote further developments of ZnIn_(2)S_(4) in photocatalytic applications,this mini-review summarizes the progress of recent research works for the construction of highly activity ZnIn_(2)S_(4)-based photocatalysts for the first time.In addition,the typical applications of ZnIn_(2)S_(4)-based photocatalytic materials have been critically reviewed and described such as in hydrogen evolution from photocatalytic water splitting,carbon dioxide photoreduction,and treatment of water pollution.The current challenges and further prospects for the development of ZnIn_(2)S_(4) semiconductor photocatalysts are finally pointed out.展开更多
Improving catalytic performance is a yet still challenge in thermal catalytic oxidation.Herein,uniform mesoporous MnO_(2) nanospheresupported bimetallic Pt–Pd nanoparticles were successfully fabricated via a SiO_(2) ...Improving catalytic performance is a yet still challenge in thermal catalytic oxidation.Herein,uniform mesoporous MnO_(2) nanospheresupported bimetallic Pt–Pd nanoparticles were successfully fabricated via a SiO_(2) template strategy for the total catalytic degradation of volatile organic compounds at low temperature.The introduction of mesopores into the MnO_(2) support induces a large specific surface area and pore size,thus providing numerous accessible active sites and enhanced diffusion properties.Moreover,the addition of a secondary noble metal can adjust the O_(ads)/O_(latt) molar ratios,resulting in high catalytic activity.Among them,the catalyst having a Pt/Pd molar ratio of 7:3 exhibits optimized catalytic activity at a weight hourly space velocity of 36,000 mL g^(-1) h^(-1),reaching 100%toluene oxidation at 175℃ with a lower activation energy(57.0 kJ mol^(-1))than the corresponding monometallic Pt or non-Pt-based catalysts(93.8 kJ mol^(-1) and 214.2 kJ mol^(-1)).Our findings demonstrate that the uniform mesoporous MnO_(2) nanosphere-supported bimetallic Pt–Pd nanoparticles catalyst is an effective candidate for application in elimination of toluene.展开更多
Manganese oxide(MnO_(2))exhibits excellent activity for volatile organic compound oxidation.However,it is currently unknown whether lattice oxygen or adsorbed oxygen is more conducive to the progress of the catalytic ...Manganese oxide(MnO_(2))exhibits excellent activity for volatile organic compound oxidation.However,it is currently unknown whether lattice oxygen or adsorbed oxygen is more conducive to the progress of the catalytic reaction.In this study,novel hollow highly dispersed Pt/Copper modified-MnO_(2)catalysts were fabricated.Cu^(2+)was stabilized into theδ-MnO_(2)cladding substituting original K+,which produced lattice defects and enhance the content of adsorbed oxygen.The 2.03 wt%Pt Cu_(0.050)-MnO_(2)catalyst exhibited the highest catalytic activity and excellent stability for toluene and benzene oxidation,with T_(100)=160℃under high space velocity(36,000 mL g^(-1)h^(-1)).The excellent performance of catalytic oxidation of VOCs is attributed to the abundant adsorbed oxygen content,excellent low-temperature reducibility and the synergistic catalytic effect between the Pt nanoparticles and Cu_(0.050)-MnO_(2).This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the Langmuir-Hinshelwood(L-H)mechanism occurring on the catalysts.展开更多
Heterojunction has been widely used in vibration-driven piezocatalysis for enhanced charges separation,while the weak interfaces seriously affect the efficiency during mechanical deformations due to prepared by tradit...Heterojunction has been widely used in vibration-driven piezocatalysis for enhanced charges separation,while the weak interfaces seriously affect the efficiency during mechanical deformations due to prepared by traditional step-by-step methods.Herein,the intimate contact interfaces with shared S atoms are ingeniously constructed in SnS_(2)/SnS anchored on porous carbon by effective interface engineering,which is in-situ derived from temperature-dependent self-transformation of SnS_(2).Benefiting from intimate contact interfaces,the piezoelectricity is remarkably improved due to the larger interfacial dipole moment caused by uneven distribution of charges.Importantly,vibration-induced piezoelectric polarization field strengthens the interfacial electric field to further promote the separation and migration of charges.The dynamic charges then transfer in porous carbon with high conductivity and adsorption for significantly improved piezocatalytic activity.The degradation efficiency of bisphenol A(BPA)is 6.3 times higher than SnS_(2) and H_(2) evolution rate is increased by 3.8 times.Compared with SnS_(2)/SnS prepared by two-step solvothermal method,the degradation efficiency of BPA and H2 evolution activity are increased by 3 and 2 times,respectively.It provides a theoretical guidance for developing various multiphase structural piezocatalyst with strong interface interactions to improve the piezocatalytic efficiency.展开更多
A two-scale method is proposed to simulate the essential behavior of bolted connections in structures includingelevated temperatures.It is presented,verified,and validated for the structural behavior of two plates,con...A two-scale method is proposed to simulate the essential behavior of bolted connections in structures includingelevated temperatures.It is presented,verified,and validated for the structural behavior of two plates,connectedby a bolt,under a variety of loads and elevated temperatures.The method consists of a global-scale model thatsimulates the structure(here the two plates)by volume finite elements,and in which the bolt is modelled bya spring.The spring properties are provided by a smallscale model,in which the bolt is modelled by volumeelements,and for which the boundary conditions are retrieved from the global-scale model.To ensure the small-scale model to be as computationally efficient as possible,simplifications are discussed regarding the materialmodel and the modelling of the threads.For the latter,this leads to the experimentally validated application ofa non-threaded shank with its stress area.It is shown that a non-linear elastic spring is needed for the bolt inthe global-scale model,so the post-peak behavior of the structure can be described efficiently.All types of boltedconnection failure as given by design standards are simulated by the twoscale method,which is successfullyvalidated(except for net section failure)by experiments,and verified by a detailed system model,which modelsthe structure in full detail.The sensitivity to the size of the part of the plate used in the small-scale modelis also studied.Finally,multi-directional load cases,also for elevated temperatures,are studied with the two-scale method and verified with the detailed system model.As a result,a computationally efficient finite elementmodelling approach is provided for all possible combined load actions(except for nut thread failure and netsection failure)and temperatures.The two-scale method is shown to be insightful,for it contains a functionalseparation of scales,revealing their relationships,and consequently,local small-scale non-convergence can behandled.Not presented in this paper,but the two-scale method can be used in e.g.computationally expensive two-way coupled fire-structure simulations,where it is beneficial for distributed computing and densely packed boltconfigurations with stiffplates,for which a single small-scale model may be representative for several connections.展开更多
The magnetic compensation of aeromagnetic survey is an important calibration work,which has a great impact on the accuracy of measurement.In an aeromagnetic survey flight,measurement data consists of diurnal variation...The magnetic compensation of aeromagnetic survey is an important calibration work,which has a great impact on the accuracy of measurement.In an aeromagnetic survey flight,measurement data consists of diurnal variation,aircraft maneuver interference field,and geomagnetic field.In this paper,appropriate physical features and the modular feedforward neural network(MFNN)with Levenberg-Marquard(LM)back propagation algorithm are adopted to supervised learn fluctuation of measuring signals and separate the interference magnetic field from the measurement data.LM algorithm is a kind of least square estimation algorithm of nonlinear parameters.It iteratively calculates the jacobian matrix of error performance and the adjustment value of gradient with the regularization method.LM algorithm’s computing efficiency is high and fitting error is very low.The fitting performance and the compensation accuracy of LM-MFNN algorithm are proved to be much better than those of TOLLES-LAWSON(T-L)model with the linear least square(LS)solution by fitting experiments with five different aeromagnetic surveys’data.展开更多
Throughout the lifecycle of Nuclear Power Equipment(NPE),maintaining high-safety maintenance services is essential for optimal operation.Traditional time-based maintenance strategies are limited in NPE contexts due to...Throughout the lifecycle of Nuclear Power Equipment(NPE),maintaining high-safety maintenance services is essential for optimal operation.Traditional time-based maintenance strategies are limited in NPE contexts due to stringent safety requirements and high costs of complex systems.Specifically,maintenance processes lack transparency,state monitoring relies heavily on manual inspections,and decisions depend passively on individual expertise.Digital Twin(DT)effectively breaks down"information silos,"leverages data value,and enables proactive maintenance decision-making for NPE.However,DT application in the nuclear industry is still exploratory,with limited systematic and practical research,especially for critical equipment maintenance.This paper introduces a DT-based intelligent maintenance decision system featuring three key technologies:DT modeling,state monitoring with dynamic early warning,and systematic intelligent decision-making and verification.A DT-based prototype using a cooling water pump case study preliminarily validates the state monitoring model's accuracy.Results indicate that the proposed framework and methods are feasible and hold significant application potential.展开更多
Summary of main observation and conclusion Tetracycline (TC) and other antibiotics accumulated in groundwater and soil pollute ecological environment and threaten human health. Gold nan oparticles doped on photocataly...Summary of main observation and conclusion Tetracycline (TC) and other antibiotics accumulated in groundwater and soil pollute ecological environment and threaten human health. Gold nan oparticles doped on photocatalysts are able to enhance the photodegradation efficiency during removing these antibiotics, but preparation of Au nanoparticles of well-dispersion on photocatalysts remains challenging. In this work, zeolite imidazolate (ZIF-8) was employed as the precursor to prepare Au@ZnO photocatalyst via impregnation and in-situ reduction method to efficiently degrade the tetracycline in the aqueous solution. Au nanoparticles are of 10 nm in size and uniformly dispersed on the surfaces of ZnO microstructures. The as-prepared Au@ZnO is able to remove 85.5% of TC of 0.010 mg/mL within 2h, presenting higher photocatalytic activity than pure ZnO catalyst. Most importantly, the catalyst shows its superior stability after five cycles without structure and activity changing. The mechanism of the photocatalytic degradation was discussed in detail.展开更多
Incorporating Pt with core metals into Pt-based core-shell catalysts is regarded as a promising strategy to substantially enhance the catalytic properties towards oxygen reduction reaction(ORR) in fuel cells due to th...Incorporating Pt with core metals into Pt-based core-shell catalysts is regarded as a promising strategy to substantially enhance the catalytic properties towards oxygen reduction reaction(ORR) in fuel cells due to the synergetic effect between distinct metals. In this wok, ultrathin Pt skins with two atomic layers were epitaxially coated on as-prepared icosahedral Au_50Pd_50, Au_60Pd_40 and Au_66Pd_34 nanocrystal seeds,which are constructed with alloyed cores and Pd shells with different thickness. Through electron microscopic characterizations, Pd interlayers with tunable thickness of 3, 6, and 12 atomic layers can be found in the Au_66Pd_34@Pt, Au_60 Pd_40@Pt and Au_50Pd_50@Pt icosahedra, respectively. These icosahedral Au Pd@Pd@Pt nanocrystals show substantially enhanced activities and durabilities in electrocatalytic measurements towards ORR compared to Au_75Pd_25@Pt icosahedra without Pd interlayer and commercial Pt/C catalysts. Specifically, Au_60Pd_40@Pt icosahedra with 6 atomically thick Pd interlayer display the best electrocatalytic performances, whose mass activities before and after durability tests of 50,000 cycles are11.6 and 30.2 times, respectively, as high as that of the commercial Pt/C.展开更多
Because of its importance in enhancing charge separation and transfer,built-in electric field engineering has been acknowledged as an effective technique for improving photocatalytic performance.Herein,a stable p–n h...Because of its importance in enhancing charge separation and transfer,built-in electric field engineering has been acknowledged as an effective technique for improving photocatalytic performance.Herein,a stable p–n heterojunction of 2D/2D(2D:twodimensional)Co_(3)O_(4)/ZnIn_(2)S_(4)with a strong built-in electric field is precisely constructed.The Co_(3)O_(4)/ZnIn_(2)S_(4)heterojunction exhibits a higher visible-light photocatalytic hydrogen(H2)evolution rate than the individual components,which is primarily attributed to the synergy effect of improved light absorption,abundant active sites,short charge transport distance,high separation efficiency of photogenerated carriers.Furthermore,the photoelectrochemical studies and density functional theory(DFT)calculation results demonstrate that the enhanced interfacial charge separation and migration induced by the generated built-in electric field are the critical reasons for the boosted photocatalytic performance.This research might pave the way for the rational design and manufacturing of 2D/2D heterojunction photocatalysts with extremely efficient photocatalytic performance for solar energy conversion.展开更多
This paper is focused on investigation of coordination polymers constructed by Cu(II)and rigid pyridyl ligands,such as 4,4'-bipyridyl-1,2,4-triazole(Hpytz)and 1,10-phenanthroline(phen)from a mononuclear precursor[...This paper is focused on investigation of coordination polymers constructed by Cu(II)and rigid pyridyl ligands,such as 4,4'-bipyridyl-1,2,4-triazole(Hpytz)and 1,10-phenanthroline(phen)from a mononuclear precursor[Cu(DMF)_(4)(NCS)_(2)](1).As expected,the complex was self-assembled with phen to form a 1D double-stranded chain of[Cu(phen)(μ-SCN)_(2)]∞(2),with Hpytz to form 1D zigzag chain of[Cu_(2)(μ-Hpytz)_(2)(NCS)_(2)(DMF)_(2)(μ-SCN)_(2)]∞(3)in which thiocyanate anion linked the Cu-μ-Hpytz-Cu chain into an infinite 2D network via weak Cu…S interaction.To treat 3 with the bridged anion dca,a novel 3D framework[Cu(μ-Hpytz)(μ-dca)(μ-SCN)]∞(4)was obtained in which Cu-μ-Hpytz-Cu chain is preserved and both thiocyanate anion and dicyanamide(dca)act as bridging ligands.In addition,complex 3 was applied as a metal catalyst in polymerization of MMA in aqueous solution at room temperature.展开更多
In this paper,poly(pyridine-imide)s,PI-Ph and PI-Naphth,were successfully synthesised and fabricated for use as memory devices.The Al/PI-Ph/indium tin oxide(ITO)device showed dynamic random access memory characteristi...In this paper,poly(pyridine-imide)s,PI-Ph and PI-Naphth,were successfully synthesised and fabricated for use as memory devices.The Al/PI-Ph/indium tin oxide(ITO)device showed dynamic random access memory characteristics,whereas Al/PI-Naphth/ITO showed rewritable(FLASH)memory characteristics.Characterisation of their UV,cyclic voltammograms,and density functional theory,were used to illustrate the different memory behaviours.The results show that the stability of electric-field-induced-charge-transfer complexes can affect memory performance.展开更多
Four 1,8-naphthalimide hydrazone molecules with different electron-donating groups have been applied in the study of linear and nonlinear optical(NLO)properties.These compounds showed strong green emission in solution...Four 1,8-naphthalimide hydrazone molecules with different electron-donating groups have been applied in the study of linear and nonlinear optical(NLO)properties.These compounds showed strong green emission in solution.Their NLO properties such as two-photon absorption(TPA)behavior with femtosecond laser pulses ca.800 nm and excited-state absorption(ESA)behavior with nanosecond laser pulses at 532 nm were investigated.Compound 4 presented the largest two-photon cross section(550 GM)among them due to two factors:the conjugated length of compound 4 is the longest and the electron-donating ability of compound 4 is the strongest.Different from TPA behavior,compound 2 showed the best nonlinear absorption properties at 532 nm and its nonlinear absorption coef-ficient and third-order nonlinear optical susceptibilitiesχ^(3)were up to 1.41×10^(−10) MKS and 4.65×10^(−12) esu,re-spectively.Through the modification of the structure,the nonlinear optical properties of these compounds at differ-ent wavelengths(532 and 800 nm)were well tuned.The great broad-band nonlinear optical properties indicate hy-drazones are good candidates for organic nonlinear optical absorption materials.展开更多
Adjusting the spacers between the electron-acceptor and the elector-donor is important to design organic ternary memory material but rarely reported. In this paper, two small molecules, ZIPGA and ZIPCAD with benzene r...Adjusting the spacers between the electron-acceptor and the elector-donor is important to design organic ternary memory material but rarely reported. In this paper, two small molecules, ZIPGA and ZIPCAD with benzene ring or triphenylamine as the spacers, were designed and synthesized to fabricate memory devices. The A1/ZIPGA/indium-tin oxide （ITO） device showed ternary characteristics, whereas A1/ZIPCAD/ITO had no obvious memory characteristics. Density functional theory calculation, X-ray diffraction （XRD） and atomic force microscopy （AFM） were employed to interpret the different memory properties. ZIPGA thin film has the closer intermolecular packing and flatter surface morphology than ZIPCAD film, which was favorable to the electron migration. This work demonstrates the importance of spacers and reveals that triphenylamine may be not a good spacer in design of new memory material.展开更多
4-(3-(4-(Dimethylamino)phenyl)acryloyl)phenyl-2-bromo-2-methylpropanoate(APPBr)was used for the heterogeneous atom transfer radical polymerization(ATRP)of styrene(St)with copper(I)bromide/N,N,N',N",N"-pe...4-(3-(4-(Dimethylamino)phenyl)acryloyl)phenyl-2-bromo-2-methylpropanoate(APPBr)was used for the heterogeneous atom transfer radical polymerization(ATRP)of styrene(St)with copper(I)bromide/N,N,N',N",N"-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine(PMDETA)catalytic system.The functional end group was characterized via UV-Vis and ^(1)H NMR spectra.The polymerization showed a first-order kinetic characteristic and each of the obtained polymers had well-controlled molecular weight and relatively low polydispersity index(PDI).Furthermore,the obtained end-functionalized polystyrene(PS)in solution showed strong green-light emission which is further affected by mixing different metal cations.In particular,the fluorescent intensity of the polymer was decreased in the presence of Ag^(+),Cu^(2+)and Fe^(3+).展开更多
Coupling the effects of flexoelectricity with piezoelectricity has been proved to effectively harvest mechanical energy.In this study,a composition-graded core–shell structure(HAP@FAP)was prepared by surface-gradient...Coupling the effects of flexoelectricity with piezoelectricity has been proved to effectively harvest mechanical energy.In this study,a composition-graded core–shell structure(HAP@FAP)was prepared by surface-gradient F-doping in hydroxyapatite,which could introduce flexoelectricity by a built-in strain gradient.A flexoelectric-boosted piezoelectric response was demonstrated by piezoresponse force microscopy(PFM)characterization,showing that the piezoelectric constant of HAP@FAP was increased by 2.25 times via a lattice strain gradient induced by chemical heterogeneities derived from the unique composition-graded core-shell structure.Thus,the piezocatalytic activity of HAP@FAP for phenanthrene(PHE)degradation in soil was enhanced.This work provides a new strategy for the modification of piezoelectric catalysts for the remediation of organics-contaminated soils on industrial land.展开更多
基金support provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22478267,22438009,U24A20535)Basic Research Program of Jiangsu province(BK20243002)+1 种基金Prospective Application Research Project of Suzhou(SYC2022042)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD).
文摘Synthesizing highly efficient,low-toxicity catalysts for the remediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)contaminated soils is crucial.Nanoscale zero-valent iron(n-ZVI)is widely used in the treatment of pollutants due to its high catalytic activity.However,n-ZVI is prone to aggregation and passivation.Therefore,to design an environmentally friendly,efficient,and practical catalyst material,this study designed a nanoscale zero-valent iron-loaded biochar(BC)polyacrylic acid(PAA)composite materials.Biochar and polyacrylic acid can prevent the ag-gregation of zero-valent iron and provide a large number of functional groups.The iron on the carrier is uniformly distributed,exposing active sites and activating persulfate to remove anthracene(ANT)pollutants from the soil.The BC/PAA/Fe0 system can achieve an anthracene degradation efficiency of 93.7%in soil,and the degradation efficiency of anthracene remains around 90%under both acidic and alkaline con-$$ditions.Free radical capture experiments indicate that the degradation of anthracene proceeds through the radical pathways SO4,$OH,O2 and the non-radical pathway 1O2.In addition,possible degradation pathways for anthracene have been proposed.Plant planting experiments have shown that the catalyst designed in this study has low toxicity and has excellent application prospects in thefield of soil remediation.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21938006,21776190)Basic Research Project of Leading Technology(No.BK20202012)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China(No.20KJA610001)PAPD in Jiangsu Province,China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2022M722308)Jiangsu Province Excellent Postdoctoral Program(No.2022ZB563)。
文摘Improper abuse of roxarsone(ROX)in industrial production leads to harmful effects on water,soil,food,and living creatures.It is significant to detect its concentration in the environment and biosystem.Herein,two aggregation-induced emission(AIE)-active fluorescence probes,TPE-TPE and TPE-TPE-CN,are successfully synthesized via a sulfur(VI)fluoride exchange(SuFEx)click reaction and first employed to detect ROX in the environment and living 3T3 cells.These two probes can selectively detect ROX in water due to the synergistic effect of photoinduced electron transfer(PET)and fluorescence resonance energy transfer(FRET)between the probes and ROX.The detection limit of TPE-TPE and TPE-TPE-CN is 0.154 and 0.385μmol/L,respectively,much lower than the safety concentration stipulated by the World Health Organization(WHO).In addition,with the aid of a color discrimination application in a smartphone,these two probes can also detect ROX in real samples(such as water,soil,and cabbage),demonstrating their excellent potential for monitoring ROX in a practical environment.
基金supports provided by the National Key R&D Program of China (2020YFC1808401, 2020YFC1808403)National Natural Science Foundation of China (22078213, 21938006, 51973148)+3 种基金Basic Research Project of Cutting-Edge Technology in Jiangsu Province, China (BK20202012)Prospective Application Research Project of Suzhou, China (SYC2022042)Water Research and Technology Project of Suzhou, China (2022006)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, China (PAPD)。
文摘Adsorption-photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants in water is an advantageous method for environmental purification.Herein,a feasible strategy is developed to construct a novel dual S-scheme heterojunctions Cu_(7)S_(4)-TiO_(2)-conjugated polymer with a donor-acceptor structure.There are abundant adsorption active sites for adsorption in the porous structure of the composites,which can rapidly capture pollutants through hydrogen bonding and π-π interactions.In addition,the dual S-scheme heterojunctions effectively improve carrier separation while maintaining a strong redox ability.Thus,the optimized 1.5% CST-130 catalysts can adsorb 71% of 20 ppm BPA in 15 min and completely remove it within 30 min with high adsorption capacity and photodegradation efficiency.Therefore,this study provides a new inspiration for synergistic adsorption and degradation of BPA and the construction of dual S-scheme heterojunction.
基金financial support provided by the National Key R&D Program of China(2020YFC1808401)National Natural Science Foundation of China(22078213,21938006,51973148,21776190)+1 种基金cuttingedge technology basic research project of Jiangsu(BK20202012)the project supported by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)。
文摘As one of the most attractive and eco-friendly technologies,semiconductor photocatalysis is demonstrated as a potential strategy to solve global energy shortage environmental pollution problems.Regarding semiconductor-based photocatalysts,Zinc indium sulfide(ZnIn_(2)S_(4)) with various morphological structures has become research hotspots owing to its superior visible light absorption,high chemical durability and low cost.Nevertheless,the photocatalytic activity of pristine ZnIn_(2)S_(4) is unsatisfactory due to limited range of visible light absorption and fast recombination rate of light-induced electrons and holes.Different modification strategies,such as metal deposition,element doping,vacancy engineering and semiconductor combination,have been systematically developed for enhancing the photocatalytic performance of ZnIn_(2)S_(4) materials.In order to promote further developments of ZnIn_(2)S_(4) in photocatalytic applications,this mini-review summarizes the progress of recent research works for the construction of highly activity ZnIn_(2)S_(4)-based photocatalysts for the first time.In addition,the typical applications of ZnIn_(2)S_(4)-based photocatalytic materials have been critically reviewed and described such as in hydrogen evolution from photocatalytic water splitting,carbon dioxide photoreduction,and treatment of water pollution.The current challenges and further prospects for the development of ZnIn_(2)S_(4) semiconductor photocatalysts are finally pointed out.
基金financial support provided by the National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFC0210901,2017YFC0210906)National Natural Science Foundation of China(51573122,21722607,21776190)+2 种基金Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China(17KJA430014,17KJA150009)the Science and Technology Program for Social Development of Jiangsu(BE2015637)the project supported by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)。
文摘Improving catalytic performance is a yet still challenge in thermal catalytic oxidation.Herein,uniform mesoporous MnO_(2) nanospheresupported bimetallic Pt–Pd nanoparticles were successfully fabricated via a SiO_(2) template strategy for the total catalytic degradation of volatile organic compounds at low temperature.The introduction of mesopores into the MnO_(2) support induces a large specific surface area and pore size,thus providing numerous accessible active sites and enhanced diffusion properties.Moreover,the addition of a secondary noble metal can adjust the O_(ads)/O_(latt) molar ratios,resulting in high catalytic activity.Among them,the catalyst having a Pt/Pd molar ratio of 7:3 exhibits optimized catalytic activity at a weight hourly space velocity of 36,000 mL g^(-1) h^(-1),reaching 100%toluene oxidation at 175℃ with a lower activation energy(57.0 kJ mol^(-1))than the corresponding monometallic Pt or non-Pt-based catalysts(93.8 kJ mol^(-1) and 214.2 kJ mol^(-1)).Our findings demonstrate that the uniform mesoporous MnO_(2) nanosphere-supported bimetallic Pt–Pd nanoparticles catalyst is an effective candidate for application in elimination of toluene.
基金financial support provided by the National Key R&D Program of China(2020YFC1808401)National Natural Science Foundation of China(22078213,21938006,51973148,21776190)+1 种基金cuttingedge technology basic research project of Jiangsu(BK20202012)the project supported by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)。
文摘Manganese oxide(MnO_(2))exhibits excellent activity for volatile organic compound oxidation.However,it is currently unknown whether lattice oxygen or adsorbed oxygen is more conducive to the progress of the catalytic reaction.In this study,novel hollow highly dispersed Pt/Copper modified-MnO_(2)catalysts were fabricated.Cu^(2+)was stabilized into theδ-MnO_(2)cladding substituting original K+,which produced lattice defects and enhance the content of adsorbed oxygen.The 2.03 wt%Pt Cu_(0.050)-MnO_(2)catalyst exhibited the highest catalytic activity and excellent stability for toluene and benzene oxidation,with T_(100)=160℃under high space velocity(36,000 mL g^(-1)h^(-1)).The excellent performance of catalytic oxidation of VOCs is attributed to the abundant adsorbed oxygen content,excellent low-temperature reducibility and the synergistic catalytic effect between the Pt nanoparticles and Cu_(0.050)-MnO_(2).This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the Langmuir-Hinshelwood(L-H)mechanism occurring on the catalysts.
文摘Heterojunction has been widely used in vibration-driven piezocatalysis for enhanced charges separation,while the weak interfaces seriously affect the efficiency during mechanical deformations due to prepared by traditional step-by-step methods.Herein,the intimate contact interfaces with shared S atoms are ingeniously constructed in SnS_(2)/SnS anchored on porous carbon by effective interface engineering,which is in-situ derived from temperature-dependent self-transformation of SnS_(2).Benefiting from intimate contact interfaces,the piezoelectricity is remarkably improved due to the larger interfacial dipole moment caused by uneven distribution of charges.Importantly,vibration-induced piezoelectric polarization field strengthens the interfacial electric field to further promote the separation and migration of charges.The dynamic charges then transfer in porous carbon with high conductivity and adsorption for significantly improved piezocatalytic activity.The degradation efficiency of bisphenol A(BPA)is 6.3 times higher than SnS_(2) and H_(2) evolution rate is increased by 3.8 times.Compared with SnS_(2)/SnS prepared by two-step solvothermal method,the degradation efficiency of BPA and H2 evolution activity are increased by 3 and 2 times,respectively.It provides a theoretical guidance for developing various multiphase structural piezocatalyst with strong interface interactions to improve the piezocatalytic efficiency.
基金supported by the China Scholarship Council (Grant No.2018-0861-0211).
文摘A two-scale method is proposed to simulate the essential behavior of bolted connections in structures includingelevated temperatures.It is presented,verified,and validated for the structural behavior of two plates,connectedby a bolt,under a variety of loads and elevated temperatures.The method consists of a global-scale model thatsimulates the structure(here the two plates)by volume finite elements,and in which the bolt is modelled bya spring.The spring properties are provided by a smallscale model,in which the bolt is modelled by volumeelements,and for which the boundary conditions are retrieved from the global-scale model.To ensure the small-scale model to be as computationally efficient as possible,simplifications are discussed regarding the materialmodel and the modelling of the threads.For the latter,this leads to the experimentally validated application ofa non-threaded shank with its stress area.It is shown that a non-linear elastic spring is needed for the bolt inthe global-scale model,so the post-peak behavior of the structure can be described efficiently.All types of boltedconnection failure as given by design standards are simulated by the twoscale method,which is successfullyvalidated(except for net section failure)by experiments,and verified by a detailed system model,which modelsthe structure in full detail.The sensitivity to the size of the part of the plate used in the small-scale modelis also studied.Finally,multi-directional load cases,also for elevated temperatures,are studied with the two-scale method and verified with the detailed system model.As a result,a computationally efficient finite elementmodelling approach is provided for all possible combined load actions(except for nut thread failure and netsection failure)and temperatures.The two-scale method is shown to be insightful,for it contains a functionalseparation of scales,revealing their relationships,and consequently,local small-scale non-convergence can behandled.Not presented in this paper,but the two-scale method can be used in e.g.computationally expensive two-way coupled fire-structure simulations,where it is beneficial for distributed computing and densely packed boltconfigurations with stiffplates,for which a single small-scale model may be representative for several connections.
基金National key special projects for major scientific instruments and equipment development(2017YFF0107400)。
文摘The magnetic compensation of aeromagnetic survey is an important calibration work,which has a great impact on the accuracy of measurement.In an aeromagnetic survey flight,measurement data consists of diurnal variation,aircraft maneuver interference field,and geomagnetic field.In this paper,appropriate physical features and the modular feedforward neural network(MFNN)with Levenberg-Marquard(LM)back propagation algorithm are adopted to supervised learn fluctuation of measuring signals and separate the interference magnetic field from the measurement data.LM algorithm is a kind of least square estimation algorithm of nonlinear parameters.It iteratively calculates the jacobian matrix of error performance and the adjustment value of gradient with the regularization method.LM algorithm’s computing efficiency is high and fitting error is very low.The fitting performance and the compensation accuracy of LM-MFNN algorithm are proved to be much better than those of TOLLES-LAWSON(T-L)model with the linear least square(LS)solution by fitting experiments with five different aeromagnetic surveys’data.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[52105530&51975463]the National Key Research and Development Program of China[2021YFB3301400]+2 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities[xzy012022053]Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi[2022JQ-516]the Postdoctoral Science Foundation[22021M692556].
文摘Throughout the lifecycle of Nuclear Power Equipment(NPE),maintaining high-safety maintenance services is essential for optimal operation.Traditional time-based maintenance strategies are limited in NPE contexts due to stringent safety requirements and high costs of complex systems.Specifically,maintenance processes lack transparency,state monitoring relies heavily on manual inspections,and decisions depend passively on individual expertise.Digital Twin(DT)effectively breaks down"information silos,"leverages data value,and enables proactive maintenance decision-making for NPE.However,DT application in the nuclear industry is still exploratory,with limited systematic and practical research,especially for critical equipment maintenance.This paper introduces a DT-based intelligent maintenance decision system featuring three key technologies:DT modeling,state monitoring with dynamic early warning,and systematic intelligent decision-making and verification.A DT-based prototype using a cooling water pump case study preliminarily validates the state monitoring model's accuracy.Results indicate that the proposed framework and methods are feasible and hold significant application potential.
文摘Summary of main observation and conclusion Tetracycline (TC) and other antibiotics accumulated in groundwater and soil pollute ecological environment and threaten human health. Gold nan oparticles doped on photocatalysts are able to enhance the photodegradation efficiency during removing these antibiotics, but preparation of Au nanoparticles of well-dispersion on photocatalysts remains challenging. In this work, zeolite imidazolate (ZIF-8) was employed as the precursor to prepare Au@ZnO photocatalyst via impregnation and in-situ reduction method to efficiently degrade the tetracycline in the aqueous solution. Au nanoparticles are of 10 nm in size and uniformly dispersed on the surfaces of ZnO microstructures. The as-prepared Au@ZnO is able to remove 85.5% of TC of 0.010 mg/mL within 2h, presenting higher photocatalytic activity than pure ZnO catalyst. Most importantly, the catalyst shows its superior stability after five cycles without structure and activity changing. The mechanism of the photocatalytic degradation was discussed in detail.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51372222 and 51522103)National Program for Support of Top-notch Young Professionals+2 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2015XZZX004-23)the Thousand Talents Program for Distinguished Young Scholars(JBW)from the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaStart-up Fund(JBW)from Shanghai Jiao Tong University
文摘Incorporating Pt with core metals into Pt-based core-shell catalysts is regarded as a promising strategy to substantially enhance the catalytic properties towards oxygen reduction reaction(ORR) in fuel cells due to the synergetic effect between distinct metals. In this wok, ultrathin Pt skins with two atomic layers were epitaxially coated on as-prepared icosahedral Au_50Pd_50, Au_60Pd_40 and Au_66Pd_34 nanocrystal seeds,which are constructed with alloyed cores and Pd shells with different thickness. Through electron microscopic characterizations, Pd interlayers with tunable thickness of 3, 6, and 12 atomic layers can be found in the Au_66Pd_34@Pt, Au_60 Pd_40@Pt and Au_50Pd_50@Pt icosahedra, respectively. These icosahedral Au Pd@Pd@Pt nanocrystals show substantially enhanced activities and durabilities in electrocatalytic measurements towards ORR compared to Au_75Pd_25@Pt icosahedra without Pd interlayer and commercial Pt/C catalysts. Specifically, Au_60Pd_40@Pt icosahedra with 6 atomically thick Pd interlayer display the best electrocatalytic performances, whose mass activities before and after durability tests of 50,000 cycles are11.6 and 30.2 times, respectively, as high as that of the commercial Pt/C.
基金the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2020YFC1808401)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22078213,21938006,51973148,and 21776190)+2 种基金cutting-edge technology basic research project of Jiangsu(No.BK20202012)the project supported by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD).G.P.Z.is also grateful for support from the Project funded by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2021M702389)Jiangsu Funding Program for Excellent Postdoctoral Talent(No.2022ZB536).
文摘Because of its importance in enhancing charge separation and transfer,built-in electric field engineering has been acknowledged as an effective technique for improving photocatalytic performance.Herein,a stable p–n heterojunction of 2D/2D(2D:twodimensional)Co_(3)O_(4)/ZnIn_(2)S_(4)with a strong built-in electric field is precisely constructed.The Co_(3)O_(4)/ZnIn_(2)S_(4)heterojunction exhibits a higher visible-light photocatalytic hydrogen(H2)evolution rate than the individual components,which is primarily attributed to the synergy effect of improved light absorption,abundant active sites,short charge transport distance,high separation efficiency of photogenerated carriers.Furthermore,the photoelectrochemical studies and density functional theory(DFT)calculation results demonstrate that the enhanced interfacial charge separation and migration induced by the generated built-in electric field are the critical reasons for the boosted photocatalytic performance.This research might pave the way for the rational design and manufacturing of 2D/2D heterojunction photocatalysts with extremely efficient photocatalytic performance for solar energy conversion.
基金The authors appreciate financial support from Chinese Natural Science Foundation(21371128 and 21336005)the Major Project of Environmental Protection in Jiangsu Province(2013020).
文摘This paper is focused on investigation of coordination polymers constructed by Cu(II)and rigid pyridyl ligands,such as 4,4'-bipyridyl-1,2,4-triazole(Hpytz)and 1,10-phenanthroline(phen)from a mononuclear precursor[Cu(DMF)_(4)(NCS)_(2)](1).As expected,the complex was self-assembled with phen to form a 1D double-stranded chain of[Cu(phen)(μ-SCN)_(2)]∞(2),with Hpytz to form 1D zigzag chain of[Cu_(2)(μ-Hpytz)_(2)(NCS)_(2)(DMF)_(2)(μ-SCN)_(2)]∞(3)in which thiocyanate anion linked the Cu-μ-Hpytz-Cu chain into an infinite 2D network via weak Cu…S interaction.To treat 3 with the bridged anion dca,a novel 3D framework[Cu(μ-Hpytz)(μ-dca)(μ-SCN)]∞(4)was obtained in which Cu-μ-Hpytz-Cu chain is preserved and both thiocyanate anion and dicyanamide(dca)act as bridging ligands.In addition,complex 3 was applied as a metal catalyst in polymerization of MMA in aqueous solution at room temperature.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21336005,21371128)the major research project of Jiangsu Province Office of Education(15KJA150008)
文摘In this paper,poly(pyridine-imide)s,PI-Ph and PI-Naphth,were successfully synthesised and fabricated for use as memory devices.The Al/PI-Ph/indium tin oxide(ITO)device showed dynamic random access memory characteristics,whereas Al/PI-Naphth/ITO showed rewritable(FLASH)memory characteristics.Characterisation of their UV,cyclic voltammograms,and density functional theory,were used to illustrate the different memory behaviours.The results show that the stability of electric-field-induced-charge-transfer complexes can affect memory performance.
基金The authors thank the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21071105,20902065 and 21176164).
文摘Four 1,8-naphthalimide hydrazone molecules with different electron-donating groups have been applied in the study of linear and nonlinear optical(NLO)properties.These compounds showed strong green emission in solution.Their NLO properties such as two-photon absorption(TPA)behavior with femtosecond laser pulses ca.800 nm and excited-state absorption(ESA)behavior with nanosecond laser pulses at 532 nm were investigated.Compound 4 presented the largest two-photon cross section(550 GM)among them due to two factors:the conjugated length of compound 4 is the longest and the electron-donating ability of compound 4 is the strongest.Different from TPA behavior,compound 2 showed the best nonlinear absorption properties at 532 nm and its nonlinear absorption coef-ficient and third-order nonlinear optical susceptibilitiesχ^(3)were up to 1.41×10^(−10) MKS and 4.65×10^(−12) esu,re-spectively.Through the modification of the structure,the nonlinear optical properties of these compounds at differ-ent wavelengths(532 and 800 nm)were well tuned.The great broad-band nonlinear optical properties indicate hy-drazones are good candidates for organic nonlinear optical absorption materials.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21176164, 21336005)the Chinese-Singapore Joint Project (2012DFG41900)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD)
文摘Adjusting the spacers between the electron-acceptor and the elector-donor is important to design organic ternary memory material but rarely reported. In this paper, two small molecules, ZIPGA and ZIPCAD with benzene ring or triphenylamine as the spacers, were designed and synthesized to fabricate memory devices. The A1/ZIPGA/indium-tin oxide （ITO） device showed ternary characteristics, whereas A1/ZIPCAD/ITO had no obvious memory characteristics. Density functional theory calculation, X-ray diffraction （XRD） and atomic force microscopy （AFM） were employed to interpret the different memory properties. ZIPGA thin film has the closer intermolecular packing and flatter surface morphology than ZIPCAD film, which was favorable to the electron migration. This work demonstrates the importance of spacers and reveals that triphenylamine may be not a good spacer in design of new memory material.
基金This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21336005,21371128 and 21176164).
文摘4-(3-(4-(Dimethylamino)phenyl)acryloyl)phenyl-2-bromo-2-methylpropanoate(APPBr)was used for the heterogeneous atom transfer radical polymerization(ATRP)of styrene(St)with copper(I)bromide/N,N,N',N",N"-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine(PMDETA)catalytic system.The functional end group was characterized via UV-Vis and ^(1)H NMR spectra.The polymerization showed a first-order kinetic characteristic and each of the obtained polymers had well-controlled molecular weight and relatively low polydispersity index(PDI).Furthermore,the obtained end-functionalized polystyrene(PS)in solution showed strong green-light emission which is further affected by mixing different metal cations.In particular,the fluorescent intensity of the polymer was decreased in the presence of Ag^(+),Cu^(2+)and Fe^(3+).
基金the financial support provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51973148 and 21938006)the National Key Technology R&D Program(2020YFC1818401)+1 种基金Basic Research Project of Leading Technology in Jiangsu Province(BK20202012)project supported by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD).
文摘Coupling the effects of flexoelectricity with piezoelectricity has been proved to effectively harvest mechanical energy.In this study,a composition-graded core–shell structure(HAP@FAP)was prepared by surface-gradient F-doping in hydroxyapatite,which could introduce flexoelectricity by a built-in strain gradient.A flexoelectric-boosted piezoelectric response was demonstrated by piezoresponse force microscopy(PFM)characterization,showing that the piezoelectric constant of HAP@FAP was increased by 2.25 times via a lattice strain gradient induced by chemical heterogeneities derived from the unique composition-graded core-shell structure.Thus,the piezocatalytic activity of HAP@FAP for phenanthrene(PHE)degradation in soil was enhanced.This work provides a new strategy for the modification of piezoelectric catalysts for the remediation of organics-contaminated soils on industrial land.
