Chronic atrophic gastritis includes two main types:autoimmune gastritis(AIG),also known as type A gastritis,and non-AIG.AIG primarily affects the fundus and body of the stomach and is characterized by atrophy of the g...Chronic atrophic gastritis includes two main types:autoimmune gastritis(AIG),also known as type A gastritis,and non-AIG.AIG primarily affects the fundus and body of the stomach and is characterized by atrophy of the gastric body mucosa[1,2].The non-AIG category includes type B gastritis,where the lesions mainly occur in the gastric antrum,as well as chronic superficial gastritis,an early stage of stomach disorders.The diagnosis of AIG versus non-AIG heavily relies on gastroscopy,a procedure known for its risks and inconvenience.Therefore,identifying biomarkers that can distinguish between AIG and non-AIG is crucial.However,there are currently no reports on small-molecule biomarkers for distinguishing between AIG and non-AIG.In this study,we investigated the serum metabolomics of AIG and non-AIG patients using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(UHPLC/MS),and compared their metabolic profile differences.In total 46 differential metabolites were identified,and three of which(L-glutamic acid,anthranilate,and deoxyadenosine)were linked to the regulation of gastric biosynthetic genes.展开更多
Intestinal stem cells(ISCs)initiate intestinal epithelial regeneration and tumorigenesis,and they experi-ence rapid refilling upon various injuries for epithelial repair as well as tumor reoccurrence.It is crucial to ...Intestinal stem cells(ISCs)initiate intestinal epithelial regeneration and tumorigenesis,and they experi-ence rapid refilling upon various injuries for epithelial repair as well as tumor reoccurrence.It is crucial to reveal the mechanism underlying such plasticity for intestinal health.Recent studies have found that metabolic pathways control stem cell fate in homeostasis,but the role of metabolism in the regeneration of ISCs after damage has not been clarified.Here,we find that in a human colorectal cancer dataset,miR-29a and b(miR-29a/b)are metabolic regulators highly associated with intestinal tumorigenesis and worse prognostic value of radiotherapy.We also show that these two microRNAs are required for intesti-nal stemness maintenance in mice,and their expression is induced in regenerated ISCs after irradiation injury,resulting in skewed ISC fate from differentiation towards self-renewal.This upregulation of miR-29a/b expression in ISCs leads to suppression of fatty acid oxidation(FAO)and depression of oxidative phosphorylation,which in turn controls the balance between self-renewal and differentiation of ISCs.Deletion of miR-29a/b prevents these effects and thus impairs ISC-mediated epithelial recovery.Finally,we filter the potential targets of miR-29a/b and identify Hnf4g,a transcription factor,that drives this metabolic reprogramming through regulating FAO-related enzymes.Our work discovers an impor-tant metabolic mechanism of ISC-mediated regeneration and potentially pave the way for more targeted and effective therapeutic strategies for intestinal repair as well as tumor treatment.展开更多
To the Editor:During the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,patients with severe respiratory failure required ventilators or even higher levels of life support,bringing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO...To the Editor:During the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,patients with severe respiratory failure required ventilators or even higher levels of life support,bringing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO)into the spotlight.[1]ECMO is commonly used for the rescue and treatment of patients with severe cardiopulmonary failure;its core components are the membrane lung(oxygenator)and blood pump with two fundamental support modes:venovenous(V-V)and venoarterial(V-A)ECMO.COVID-19 patients may require V-V ECMO for acute respiratory distress syndrome and when combined cardio-circulatory support is needed;the support mode could be V-A ECMO.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.:82122073 and 82173950)the National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding,China(Grant Nos.:BJ-2023-101 and BJ-2023-075).
文摘Chronic atrophic gastritis includes two main types:autoimmune gastritis(AIG),also known as type A gastritis,and non-AIG.AIG primarily affects the fundus and body of the stomach and is characterized by atrophy of the gastric body mucosa[1,2].The non-AIG category includes type B gastritis,where the lesions mainly occur in the gastric antrum,as well as chronic superficial gastritis,an early stage of stomach disorders.The diagnosis of AIG versus non-AIG heavily relies on gastroscopy,a procedure known for its risks and inconvenience.Therefore,identifying biomarkers that can distinguish between AIG and non-AIG is crucial.However,there are currently no reports on small-molecule biomarkers for distinguishing between AIG and non-AIG.In this study,we investigated the serum metabolomics of AIG and non-AIG patients using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(UHPLC/MS),and compared their metabolic profile differences.In total 46 differential metabolites were identified,and three of which(L-glutamic acid,anthranilate,and deoxyadenosine)were linked to the regulation of gastric biosynthetic genes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32372247)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFF1104501)to Huiyuan Guo.
文摘Intestinal stem cells(ISCs)initiate intestinal epithelial regeneration and tumorigenesis,and they experi-ence rapid refilling upon various injuries for epithelial repair as well as tumor reoccurrence.It is crucial to reveal the mechanism underlying such plasticity for intestinal health.Recent studies have found that metabolic pathways control stem cell fate in homeostasis,but the role of metabolism in the regeneration of ISCs after damage has not been clarified.Here,we find that in a human colorectal cancer dataset,miR-29a and b(miR-29a/b)are metabolic regulators highly associated with intestinal tumorigenesis and worse prognostic value of radiotherapy.We also show that these two microRNAs are required for intesti-nal stemness maintenance in mice,and their expression is induced in regenerated ISCs after irradiation injury,resulting in skewed ISC fate from differentiation towards self-renewal.This upregulation of miR-29a/b expression in ISCs leads to suppression of fatty acid oxidation(FAO)and depression of oxidative phosphorylation,which in turn controls the balance between self-renewal and differentiation of ISCs.Deletion of miR-29a/b prevents these effects and thus impairs ISC-mediated epithelial recovery.Finally,we filter the potential targets of miR-29a/b and identify Hnf4g,a transcription factor,that drives this metabolic reprogramming through regulating FAO-related enzymes.Our work discovers an impor-tant metabolic mechanism of ISC-mediated regeneration and potentially pave the way for more targeted and effective therapeutic strategies for intestinal repair as well as tumor treatment.
基金supported by grants from Noncommunicable Chronic Diseases-National Science and Technology Major Project(No.2023YFC2507100)National Medical Products Administration Key Laboratory for Extracorporeal Circulation Devices:Open Project(No.2024YB01).
文摘To the Editor:During the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,patients with severe respiratory failure required ventilators or even higher levels of life support,bringing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO)into the spotlight.[1]ECMO is commonly used for the rescue and treatment of patients with severe cardiopulmonary failure;its core components are the membrane lung(oxygenator)and blood pump with two fundamental support modes:venovenous(V-V)and venoarterial(V-A)ECMO.COVID-19 patients may require V-V ECMO for acute respiratory distress syndrome and when combined cardio-circulatory support is needed;the support mode could be V-A ECMO.
