Typically,seat or floor acceleration is used to evaluate the ride comfort of a high-speed train.However,the dynamic performance of the human body significantly differs from that of the floor.Therefore,using the car bo...Typically,seat or floor acceleration is used to evaluate the ride comfort of a high-speed train.However,the dynamic performance of the human body significantly differs from that of the floor.Therefore,using the car body floor and seat accelerations to calculate the ride comfort index of a high-speed train may not reflect the true feelings of passengers.In this study,a 3D human-seat-vehicle-track coupling model was established to investigate the ride comfort of highspeed train passengers.The seated human model,which considers the longitudinal,lateral,vertical,pitching,yawing,and rolling motions,comprises the head,upper torso,lower torso,pelvis,thighs,and shanks.The model parameters were determined using multi-axis excitation measurement data based on a genetic algorithm.Subsequently,the applicability of the small-angle assumption and natural modes of the human model is analyzed.Using the coupling system model,the vibration characteristics of the human-seat interaction surface were analyzed.The ride comfort of the high-speed train and human body dynamic performance were analyzed under normal conditions,track geometric irregularities and train meeting conditions.The results showed that the passenger seats in the front and rear rows adjacent to the window had a higher acceleration value than the others.The human backrest and seat pad connection points have higher vibration amplitudes than the car body floor in the human-sensitive frequency range,indicating that using the acceleration values on the floor may underestimate the discomfort of passengers.The ride comfort of high-speed trains diminishes in the presence of track geometric irregularities and when trains pass each other.When the excitation frequency of track geometry irregularities approached the natural frequency of the human-seat-vehicle system,ride comfort in high-speed trains decreased significantly.Moreover,using seat acceleration to evaluate passenger ride comfort overlooks the vibration characteristics of the human body.The transient aerodynamic force generated when the train meets can cause a larger car body roll and lateral motion at 2 Hz,which,in turn,decreases the passenger ride comfort.This study presents a detailed human-seat-vehicle-track coupling system that can reflect a passenger’s dynamic performance under complex operating conditions.展开更多
Soft X-ray detectors play a vital role in materials science,high-energy physics and medical imaging.Cs_(2)AgBiBr_(6),a lead-free double perovskite,has gained attention for its excellent optoelectronic properties,stabi...Soft X-ray detectors play a vital role in materials science,high-energy physics and medical imaging.Cs_(2)AgBiBr_(6),a lead-free double perovskite,has gained attention for its excellent optoelectronic properties,stability,and nontoxicity.However,its fast crystallization and requirement for high-temperature annealing(>250℃)often lead to inferior film quality,limiting its application in flexible devices.This study introduces an alloying strategy that significantly improves the quality of Cs_(2)AgBiBr_(6)thin films annealed at a reduced temperature of 150℃.Devices based on the alloyed thin films exhibit an ultra-low dark current of 0.32 nA·cm^(-2)and a quantum efficiency of 725%.Furthermore,the first successful integration of Cs_(2)AgBiBr_(6)with a thinfilm transistor backplane demonstrates its superior imaging performance,indicating that Cs_(2)AgBiBr_(6)is a promising material for next-generation soft X-ray sensors.展开更多
To address the issues of frequent identity switches(IDs)and degraded identification accuracy in multi object tracking(MOT)under complex occlusion scenarios,this study proposes an occlusion-robust tracking framework ba...To address the issues of frequent identity switches(IDs)and degraded identification accuracy in multi object tracking(MOT)under complex occlusion scenarios,this study proposes an occlusion-robust tracking framework based on face-pedestrian joint feature modeling.By constructing a joint tracking model centered on“intra-class independent tracking+cross-category dynamic binding”,designing a multi-modal matching metric with spatio-temporal and appearance constraints,and innovatively introducing a cross-category feature mutual verification mechanism and a dual matching strategy,this work effectively resolves performance degradation in traditional single-category tracking methods caused by short-term occlusion,cross-camera tracking,and crowded environments.Experiments on the Chokepoint_Face_Pedestrian_Track test set demonstrate that in complex scenes,the proposed method improves Face-Pedestrian Matching F1 area under the curve(F1 AUC)by approximately 4 to 43 percentage points compared to several traditional methods.The joint tracking model achieves overall performance metrics of IDF1:85.1825%and MOTA:86.5956%,representing improvements of 0.91 and 0.06 percentage points,respectively,over the baseline model.Ablation studies confirm the effectiveness of key modules such as the Intersection over Area(IoA)/Intersection over Union(IoU)joint metric and dynamic threshold adjustment,validating the significant role of the cross-category identity matching mechanism in enhancing tracking stability.Our_model shows a 16.7%frame per second(FPS)drop vs.fairness of detection and re-identification in multiple object tracking(FairMOT),with its cross-category binding module adding aboute 10%overhead,yet maintains near-real-time performance for essential face-pedestrian tracking at small resolutions.展开更多
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor（Ah R）, a ligand-dependent nuclear receptor, is involved in a diverse spectrum of biological and toxicological effects. Due to the lack of three dimensional（3D）crystal or nuclear magnetic ...Aryl hydrocarbon receptor（Ah R）, a ligand-dependent nuclear receptor, is involved in a diverse spectrum of biological and toxicological effects. Due to the lack of three dimensional（3D）crystal or nuclear magnetic resonance structure, the mechanisms of these complex effects of AhR remain to be unclear. Also, commercial monoclonal antibodies（mA bs） against human AhR protein（h Ah R）, as alternative immunological tools, are very limited. Thus, in order to provide more tools for further studies on h Ah R, we prepared two m Abs（1D6 and 4A6） against h Ah R. The two newly generated m Abs specifically bound to amino acids 484–508（located in transcription activation domain） and amino acids 201–215（located in Per-ARNT-Sim domain）of h Ah R, respectively. These epitopes were new as compared with those of commercial m Abs.The m Abs were also characterized by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, western blot,immunoprecipitation and indirect immunofluorescence assay in different cell lines. The results showed that the two m Abs could recognize the linearized AhR s in six different human cell lines and a rat hepatoma cell line, as well as the h Ah R with native conformations. We concluded that the newly generated m Abs could be employed in AhR-based bioassays for analysis of environmental contaminants, and held great potential for further revealing the spatial structure of AhR and its biological functions in future studies.展开更多
Epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)mutations are among the most prevalent driver gene alterations in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Osimertinib,with or without chemotherapy,the first-line standard treatment for ...Epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)mutations are among the most prevalent driver gene alterations in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Osimertinib,with or without chemotherapy,the first-line standard treatment for patients with advanced NSCLC bearing sensitive EGFR mutations,significantly prolongs the progression-free survival(PFS)to 25.5 months1.Despite great breakthroughs in survival data,patients inevitably experience disease progression.A large meta-analysis has indicated that,compared with chemother-apy,immuno-based therapies achieve longer PFS in patients with EGFR mutation who progressed on third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors(EGFR-TKIs)2.Therefore,immunotherapies are often used after EGFR-TKI resistance is observed.展开更多
Neutron time-of-flight(ToF)measurement is a highly accurate method for obtaining the kinetic energy of a neutron by measuring its velocity,but requires precise acquisition of the neutron signal arrival time.However,th...Neutron time-of-flight(ToF)measurement is a highly accurate method for obtaining the kinetic energy of a neutron by measuring its velocity,but requires precise acquisition of the neutron signal arrival time.However,the high hardware costs and data burden associated with the acquisition of neutron ToF signals pose significant challenges.Higher sampling rates increase the data volume,data processing,and storage hardware costs.Compressed sampling can address these challenges,but it faces issues regarding optimal sampling efficiency and high-quality reconstructed signals.This paper proposes a revolutionary deep learning-based compressed sampling(DL-CS)algorithm for reconstructing neutron ToF signals that outperform traditional compressed sampling methods.This approach comprises four modules:random projection,rising dimensions,initial reconstruction,and final reconstruction.Initially,the technique adaptively compresses neutron ToF signals sequentially using three convolutional layers,replacing random measurement matrices in traditional compressed sampling theory.Subsequently,the signals are reconstructed using a modified inception module,long short-term memory,and self-attention.The performance of this deep compressed sampling method was quantified using the percentage root-mean-square difference,correlation coefficient,and reconstruction time.Experimental results showed that our proposed DL-CS approach can significantly enhance signal quality compared with other compressed sampling methods.This is evidenced by a percentage root-mean-square difference,correlation coefficient,and reconstruction time results of 5%,0.9988,and 0.0108 s,respectively,obtained for sampling rates below 10%for the neutron ToF signal generated using an electron-beam-driven photoneutron source.The results showed that the proposed DL-CS approach significantly improves the signal quality compared with other compressed sampling methods,exhibiting excellent reconstruction accuracy and speed.展开更多
目的探讨不同教学法在神经外科住院医师规范化培训中的教学效果。方法 54名神经外科住院医师规范化培训学员平均随机分为以问题为基础(problem-based learning,PBL)的教学组和医学模拟教学(simulation based medical education,SBME)与...目的探讨不同教学法在神经外科住院医师规范化培训中的教学效果。方法 54名神经外科住院医师规范化培训学员平均随机分为以问题为基础(problem-based learning,PBL)的教学组和医学模拟教学(simulation based medical education,SBME)与以问题为基础的学习相结合的SBME-PBL组,采用问卷调查及考试测评的方法评估2种不同教学方法的教学效果。结果 SBME-PBL组学生在理论知识和实践成绩两方面都明显优于PBL组。问卷调查结果显示SBME-PBL组相结合的教学法能提高学生的临床思维能力,操作能力,团队协作能力等。结论 SBME-PBL教学法能提高神经外科的临床教学效果。展开更多
Objective:To investigate the impact of MDT-oriented CBL model on teaching for cardiac nursing interns.Methods:A convenience sampling study was conducted with 100 cardiac nursing interns from September 2023 to June 202...Objective:To investigate the impact of MDT-oriented CBL model on teaching for cardiac nursing interns.Methods:A convenience sampling study was conducted with 100 cardiac nursing interns from September 2023 to June 2024 as subjects.The cohort was divided into two groups:50 interns(control group,traditional teaching method)from September 2023 to January 2024,and 50 interns(experimental group,MDT-oriented CBL model)from February 2024 to June 2024.Comparative analyses were performed on theoretical assessments,practical skill evaluations,and teaching satisfaction.Results:The experimental group demonstrated higher scores in both theoretical and practical knowledge assessments(p<0.05)compared to the control group.The experimental group also scored higher in all skill assessment categories(communication,teamwork,emergency response,medical history acquisition,organizational skills,humanistic care,and clinical competence)(p<0.05).Satisfaction ratings for teaching objectives,content,methods,process,and outcomes were significantly higher in the experimental group(p<0.05).Conclusion:Implementing the MDT-oriented CBL model in cardiac nursing education significantly improves interns’theoretical and practical knowledge assessment scores,enhances nursing skills,and increases teaching satisfaction.This teaching model demonstrates significant potential for widespread application.展开更多
BACKGROUND Appendicitis is an abdominal medical emergency and can be of various types.It can lead to a series of gastrointestinal symptoms and can affect health status.Therefore,attention should be paid to the diagnos...BACKGROUND Appendicitis is an abdominal medical emergency and can be of various types.It can lead to a series of gastrointestinal symptoms and can affect health status.Therefore,attention should be paid to the diagnosis of appendicitis to improve prognosis.AIM To assess the value of transabdominal superficial ultrasonography(TASU)in the clinical diagnosis of various types of appendicitis.METHODS A total of 100 patients suspected to have acute appendicitis that were admitted to our hospital between July 2022 and July 2024 were selected for this study.All of them underwent conventional abdominal ultrasonography and TASU.Taking surgical pathology as the gold standard,the diagnostic efficacy of the two ultrasonographic examinations was compared,and the ultrasonographic features of patients with different types of appendicitis were analyzed.RESULTS Comparison with the gold standard showed that among the 100 patients suspected of appendicitis,72 cases were diagnosed as appendicitis while 28 cases were deemed to be normal.Compared with conventional abdominal ultrasonography,TASU displayed a higher diagnostic efficiency(P<0.05).Among the 72 patients with acute appendicitis,22 cases were diagnosed as simple appendicitis,26 cases as suppurative appendicitis,and 24 cases as gangrenous appendicitis.TASU was more effective in the diagnosis of the various types of appendicitis,and the difference was significant between groups(P<0.05).Ultrasonography radiographs revealed an enlarged appendix with a tubular anechoic area,a widened lumen,with a visible occlusion or stercoral shadow and a cystic mass in the parenchyma.CONCLUSION TASU can accurately diagnose appendicitis and also be used to identify the various types of appendicitis,thereby having application value.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.U1934203)Research and Development Project of Science and Technology of China Railway Corporation(Grant No.P2023T002)。
文摘Typically,seat or floor acceleration is used to evaluate the ride comfort of a high-speed train.However,the dynamic performance of the human body significantly differs from that of the floor.Therefore,using the car body floor and seat accelerations to calculate the ride comfort index of a high-speed train may not reflect the true feelings of passengers.In this study,a 3D human-seat-vehicle-track coupling model was established to investigate the ride comfort of highspeed train passengers.The seated human model,which considers the longitudinal,lateral,vertical,pitching,yawing,and rolling motions,comprises the head,upper torso,lower torso,pelvis,thighs,and shanks.The model parameters were determined using multi-axis excitation measurement data based on a genetic algorithm.Subsequently,the applicability of the small-angle assumption and natural modes of the human model is analyzed.Using the coupling system model,the vibration characteristics of the human-seat interaction surface were analyzed.The ride comfort of the high-speed train and human body dynamic performance were analyzed under normal conditions,track geometric irregularities and train meeting conditions.The results showed that the passenger seats in the front and rear rows adjacent to the window had a higher acceleration value than the others.The human backrest and seat pad connection points have higher vibration amplitudes than the car body floor in the human-sensitive frequency range,indicating that using the acceleration values on the floor may underestimate the discomfort of passengers.The ride comfort of high-speed trains diminishes in the presence of track geometric irregularities and when trains pass each other.When the excitation frequency of track geometry irregularities approached the natural frequency of the human-seat-vehicle system,ride comfort in high-speed trains decreased significantly.Moreover,using seat acceleration to evaluate passenger ride comfort overlooks the vibration characteristics of the human body.The transient aerodynamic force generated when the train meets can cause a larger car body roll and lateral motion at 2 Hz,which,in turn,decreases the passenger ride comfort.This study presents a detailed human-seat-vehicle-track coupling system that can reflect a passenger’s dynamic performance under complex operating conditions.
基金supported by the NSFC under Grant No.62474169the National Key Research and Development Program of China under Grant No.2024YFB3212200the funding from USTC under Grant Nos.WK2100000025,KY2190000003,and KY2190000006。
文摘Soft X-ray detectors play a vital role in materials science,high-energy physics and medical imaging.Cs_(2)AgBiBr_(6),a lead-free double perovskite,has gained attention for its excellent optoelectronic properties,stability,and nontoxicity.However,its fast crystallization and requirement for high-temperature annealing(>250℃)often lead to inferior film quality,limiting its application in flexible devices.This study introduces an alloying strategy that significantly improves the quality of Cs_(2)AgBiBr_(6)thin films annealed at a reduced temperature of 150℃.Devices based on the alloyed thin films exhibit an ultra-low dark current of 0.32 nA·cm^(-2)and a quantum efficiency of 725%.Furthermore,the first successful integration of Cs_(2)AgBiBr_(6)with a thinfilm transistor backplane demonstrates its superior imaging performance,indicating that Cs_(2)AgBiBr_(6)is a promising material for next-generation soft X-ray sensors.
基金supported by the confidential research grant No.a8317。
文摘To address the issues of frequent identity switches(IDs)and degraded identification accuracy in multi object tracking(MOT)under complex occlusion scenarios,this study proposes an occlusion-robust tracking framework based on face-pedestrian joint feature modeling.By constructing a joint tracking model centered on“intra-class independent tracking+cross-category dynamic binding”,designing a multi-modal matching metric with spatio-temporal and appearance constraints,and innovatively introducing a cross-category feature mutual verification mechanism and a dual matching strategy,this work effectively resolves performance degradation in traditional single-category tracking methods caused by short-term occlusion,cross-camera tracking,and crowded environments.Experiments on the Chokepoint_Face_Pedestrian_Track test set demonstrate that in complex scenes,the proposed method improves Face-Pedestrian Matching F1 area under the curve(F1 AUC)by approximately 4 to 43 percentage points compared to several traditional methods.The joint tracking model achieves overall performance metrics of IDF1:85.1825%and MOTA:86.5956%,representing improvements of 0.91 and 0.06 percentage points,respectively,over the baseline model.Ablation studies confirm the effectiveness of key modules such as the Intersection over Area(IoA)/Intersection over Union(IoU)joint metric and dynamic threshold adjustment,validating the significant role of the cross-category identity matching mechanism in enhancing tracking stability.Our_model shows a 16.7%frame per second(FPS)drop vs.fairness of detection and re-identification in multiple object tracking(FairMOT),with its cross-category binding module adding aboute 10%overhead,yet maintains near-real-time performance for essential face-pedestrian tracking at small resolutions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21277168, 21525730)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nos. XDB14030401, XDB14030402)
文摘Aryl hydrocarbon receptor（Ah R）, a ligand-dependent nuclear receptor, is involved in a diverse spectrum of biological and toxicological effects. Due to the lack of three dimensional（3D）crystal or nuclear magnetic resonance structure, the mechanisms of these complex effects of AhR remain to be unclear. Also, commercial monoclonal antibodies（mA bs） against human AhR protein（h Ah R）, as alternative immunological tools, are very limited. Thus, in order to provide more tools for further studies on h Ah R, we prepared two m Abs（1D6 and 4A6） against h Ah R. The two newly generated m Abs specifically bound to amino acids 484–508（located in transcription activation domain） and amino acids 201–215（located in Per-ARNT-Sim domain）of h Ah R, respectively. These epitopes were new as compared with those of commercial m Abs.The m Abs were also characterized by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, western blot,immunoprecipitation and indirect immunofluorescence assay in different cell lines. The results showed that the two m Abs could recognize the linearized AhR s in six different human cell lines and a rat hepatoma cell line, as well as the h Ah R with native conformations. We concluded that the newly generated m Abs could be employed in AhR-based bioassays for analysis of environmental contaminants, and held great potential for further revealing the spatial structure of AhR and its biological functions in future studies.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.82273162)Jiangsu Cancer Hospital Science and Technology Development Fund Project(Grant No.YSZD202409).
文摘Epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)mutations are among the most prevalent driver gene alterations in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Osimertinib,with or without chemotherapy,the first-line standard treatment for patients with advanced NSCLC bearing sensitive EGFR mutations,significantly prolongs the progression-free survival(PFS)to 25.5 months1.Despite great breakthroughs in survival data,patients inevitably experience disease progression.A large meta-analysis has indicated that,compared with chemother-apy,immuno-based therapies achieve longer PFS in patients with EGFR mutation who progressed on third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors(EGFR-TKIs)2.Therefore,immunotherapies are often used after EGFR-TKI resistance is observed.
基金supported by the National Defense Technology Foundation Program of China(No.JSJT2022209A001-3)Sichuan Science and Technology Program(No.2021JDRC0011)+1 种基金Nuclear Energy Development Research Program of China(Research on High Energy X-ray Imaging of Nuclear Fuel)Scientific Research and Innovation Team Program of Sichuan University of Science and Engineering(No.SUSE652A001).
文摘Neutron time-of-flight(ToF)measurement is a highly accurate method for obtaining the kinetic energy of a neutron by measuring its velocity,but requires precise acquisition of the neutron signal arrival time.However,the high hardware costs and data burden associated with the acquisition of neutron ToF signals pose significant challenges.Higher sampling rates increase the data volume,data processing,and storage hardware costs.Compressed sampling can address these challenges,but it faces issues regarding optimal sampling efficiency and high-quality reconstructed signals.This paper proposes a revolutionary deep learning-based compressed sampling(DL-CS)algorithm for reconstructing neutron ToF signals that outperform traditional compressed sampling methods.This approach comprises four modules:random projection,rising dimensions,initial reconstruction,and final reconstruction.Initially,the technique adaptively compresses neutron ToF signals sequentially using three convolutional layers,replacing random measurement matrices in traditional compressed sampling theory.Subsequently,the signals are reconstructed using a modified inception module,long short-term memory,and self-attention.The performance of this deep compressed sampling method was quantified using the percentage root-mean-square difference,correlation coefficient,and reconstruction time.Experimental results showed that our proposed DL-CS approach can significantly enhance signal quality compared with other compressed sampling methods.This is evidenced by a percentage root-mean-square difference,correlation coefficient,and reconstruction time results of 5%,0.9988,and 0.0108 s,respectively,obtained for sampling rates below 10%for the neutron ToF signal generated using an electron-beam-driven photoneutron source.The results showed that the proposed DL-CS approach significantly improves the signal quality compared with other compressed sampling methods,exhibiting excellent reconstruction accuracy and speed.
文摘目的探讨不同教学法在神经外科住院医师规范化培训中的教学效果。方法 54名神经外科住院医师规范化培训学员平均随机分为以问题为基础(problem-based learning,PBL)的教学组和医学模拟教学(simulation based medical education,SBME)与以问题为基础的学习相结合的SBME-PBL组,采用问卷调查及考试测评的方法评估2种不同教学方法的教学效果。结果 SBME-PBL组学生在理论知识和实践成绩两方面都明显优于PBL组。问卷调查结果显示SBME-PBL组相结合的教学法能提高学生的临床思维能力,操作能力,团队协作能力等。结论 SBME-PBL教学法能提高神经外科的临床教学效果。
文摘Objective:To investigate the impact of MDT-oriented CBL model on teaching for cardiac nursing interns.Methods:A convenience sampling study was conducted with 100 cardiac nursing interns from September 2023 to June 2024 as subjects.The cohort was divided into two groups:50 interns(control group,traditional teaching method)from September 2023 to January 2024,and 50 interns(experimental group,MDT-oriented CBL model)from February 2024 to June 2024.Comparative analyses were performed on theoretical assessments,practical skill evaluations,and teaching satisfaction.Results:The experimental group demonstrated higher scores in both theoretical and practical knowledge assessments(p<0.05)compared to the control group.The experimental group also scored higher in all skill assessment categories(communication,teamwork,emergency response,medical history acquisition,organizational skills,humanistic care,and clinical competence)(p<0.05).Satisfaction ratings for teaching objectives,content,methods,process,and outcomes were significantly higher in the experimental group(p<0.05).Conclusion:Implementing the MDT-oriented CBL model in cardiac nursing education significantly improves interns’theoretical and practical knowledge assessment scores,enhances nursing skills,and increases teaching satisfaction.This teaching model demonstrates significant potential for widespread application.
文摘BACKGROUND Appendicitis is an abdominal medical emergency and can be of various types.It can lead to a series of gastrointestinal symptoms and can affect health status.Therefore,attention should be paid to the diagnosis of appendicitis to improve prognosis.AIM To assess the value of transabdominal superficial ultrasonography(TASU)in the clinical diagnosis of various types of appendicitis.METHODS A total of 100 patients suspected to have acute appendicitis that were admitted to our hospital between July 2022 and July 2024 were selected for this study.All of them underwent conventional abdominal ultrasonography and TASU.Taking surgical pathology as the gold standard,the diagnostic efficacy of the two ultrasonographic examinations was compared,and the ultrasonographic features of patients with different types of appendicitis were analyzed.RESULTS Comparison with the gold standard showed that among the 100 patients suspected of appendicitis,72 cases were diagnosed as appendicitis while 28 cases were deemed to be normal.Compared with conventional abdominal ultrasonography,TASU displayed a higher diagnostic efficiency(P<0.05).Among the 72 patients with acute appendicitis,22 cases were diagnosed as simple appendicitis,26 cases as suppurative appendicitis,and 24 cases as gangrenous appendicitis.TASU was more effective in the diagnosis of the various types of appendicitis,and the difference was significant between groups(P<0.05).Ultrasonography radiographs revealed an enlarged appendix with a tubular anechoic area,a widened lumen,with a visible occlusion or stercoral shadow and a cystic mass in the parenchyma.CONCLUSION TASU can accurately diagnose appendicitis and also be used to identify the various types of appendicitis,thereby having application value.
