BACKGROUND Delayed post-pancreatectomy hemorrhage(PPH)is life-threatening,and endovascular interventions show promise.This retrospective study aimed to evaluate endovascular treatment outcomes for delayed PPH and iden...BACKGROUND Delayed post-pancreatectomy hemorrhage(PPH)is life-threatening,and endovascular interventions show promise.This retrospective study aimed to evaluate endovascular treatment outcomes for delayed PPH and identify mortality risk factors.AIM To conduct a single-center retrospective study of 88 patients with delayed PPH to systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy of endovascular treatment,identify independent risk factors for six-month mortality,and propose and validate a predictive model for individualized management of high-risk patients.METHODS This retrospective analysis included 88 patients with delayed PPH treated by endovascular intervention.Patients were stratified into survival(n=64)and mortality(n=24)groups.Clinical and procedural variables were assessed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression.Significant predictors were incorporated into a prognostic nomogram.Model performance was assessed through discrimination(area under the receiver operating characteristic curve),calibration,and decision curve analysis.RESULTS Technical and clinical success rates were 92.0%and 60.2%,respectively.The overall six-month mortality rate was 27.3%(24/88).Independent predictors of mortality included advanced age,prolonged operative time,shorter hospital stay,intra-abdominal infection,coagulation dysfunction,common hepatic artery bleeding,and failure to achieve clinical success.The nomogram demonstrated excellent discrimination(area under the receiver operating characteristic curve=0.943),with good calibration and favorable net benefit on decision curve analysis.CONCLUSION We proposed and validated a predictive nomogram for six-month mortality following endovascular treatment for delayed PPH.The model facilitates individualized risk stratification and may guide clinical decision-making.Early identification of high-risk patients-particularly older individuals or those with infection or coagulopathy-and prompt,personalized intervention may improve outcomes in this high-risk population.展开更多
Foxtail millet(Setaria italica)is an important crop and an emerging model plant.Photoperiodic flowering is a key determinant of its production and geographic expansion.In this study,we found that SiPRR37 is responsibl...Foxtail millet(Setaria italica)is an important crop and an emerging model plant.Photoperiodic flowering is a key determinant of its production and geographic expansion.In this study,we found that SiPRR37 is responsible for the major quantitative trait locus(QTL)Heading date 2(Hd2)identified in 680 foxtail millets using a genome-wide association study.Overexpression of SiPRR37 in foxtail millet significantly delayed the heading date under both natural long-day and short-day conditions.CRISPR/Cas9-induced Siprr37 mutants exhibited earlier flowering in long-day conditions but later flowering in short-day conditions.The critical day length(CDL)for the reversal of Siprr37’s function was around 14.3 h.Haplotype analysis revealed that accessions with the Tc1-Mariner transposon insertion in SiPRR37(Hap 1)flowered significantly earlier at higher latitudes,and later at lower latitudes,indicating that natural variants of SiPRR37 exert dual functions in flowering regulation according to geographic latitude.The gradual,successive decrease in the frequency of Hap 2 from low to high latitudes,with the concurrent increase of Hap 1,demonstrates that these haplotypes have undergone artificial selection.Further FST analysis demonstrated that SiPRR37 has contributed to the ecological adaption of foxtail millet.Additionally,we reveal that OsPRR37 promotes flowering in rice,while GmPRR37 may only inhibit flowering in soybean.Further diurnal expression and transgenic analyses suggest that the dual function of SiPRR37 might depend on SiHd1.Our study uncovered the distinct functional reversal of SiPRR37 and functional diversification of PRR37 homologs in SD crops.These findings not only enrich knowledge about the regulation of photoperiodic flowering,but also contribute to genetic improvement of crops’regional adaptability.展开更多
The bioactivity-guided isolation of potentially active natural products has been widely utilized in pharmaceutical discovery.In this study,by screening fungal extracts against coxsackievirus B3(CVB3),three new aspocha...The bioactivity-guided isolation of potentially active natural products has been widely utilized in pharmaceutical discovery.In this study,by screening fungal extracts against coxsackievirus B3(CVB3),three new aspochalasins,templichalasins A-C(1-3),along with six known aspochalasins(4-9)were isolated from an active extract derived from the endophytic fungus Aspergillus templicola LHWf045.Compound 1 features a unique 5/6/5/7/5 pentacyclic ring system,while compounds 2 and 3 possess unusual 5/6/6/7 tetracyclic skeletons.Their structures were characterized through extensive spectroscopic analyses,electronic circular dichroism(ECD)calculations,and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis.Additionally,we demonstrated that compound 4 can be readily converted into compounds 1-3 under mild acidic conditions and proposed a plausible mechanism for this conversion.Bioactivity evaluation of compounds 1-9 against CVB3 revealed the inhibitory effects of all compounds against the virus.Notably,compound 9 exhibited superior antiviral activity,surpassing the commercial drug ribavirin in selectivity index(SI)value.展开更多
Cerium oxide/silicon rubber was prepared via mechanical blending.Mechanical and frictional properties,as well as thermal stability after thermo-oxidative ageing were investigated in this rubber composite.3D surface pr...Cerium oxide/silicon rubber was prepared via mechanical blending.Mechanical and frictional properties,as well as thermal stability after thermo-oxidative ageing were investigated in this rubber composite.3D surface profilometry,scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and thermogravimetry analysis(TGA)were used to study the friction surface characteristics,friction mechanism and thermal stability,respectively.Additionally,swelling experiments were carried out to investigate the variation of crosslinking density.After thermo-oxidative ageing,the tear strength of cerium oxide/silicon rubber decreases.However,in the early ageing stage,improvements in tensile strength,elongation at break,and frictional performance are caused by crosslinking density increments.Moreover,the addition of cerium oxide remarkably improves the re-cross linking degree during ageing process,which in turn decreases the number of holes on the friction surface and endows the silicon rubber with better mechanical and frictional properties,as well as thermo-oxidative ageing resistance.展开更多
Background:Shenyankangfu Tablet(SYKFT)is a Chinese patent medicine that has been used widely to decrease proteinuria and the progression of chronic kidney disease.Objective:This trial compared the efficacy and safety ...Background:Shenyankangfu Tablet(SYKFT)is a Chinese patent medicine that has been used widely to decrease proteinuria and the progression of chronic kidney disease.Objective:This trial compared the efficacy and safety of SYKFT,for the control of proteinuria in primary glomerulonephritis patients,against the standard drug,losartan potassium.Design,setting,participants and intervention:This was a multicenter,double-blind,randomized,controlled clinical trial.Primary glomerulonephritis patients,aged 18-70 years,with blood pressure≤140/90 mmHg,estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)>45 mL/min per 1.73 ㎡,and 24-hour proteinuria level of 0.5-3.0 g,were recruited in 41 hospitals across 19 provinces in China and were randomly divided into five groups:SYKFT,losartan potassium 50 mg or 100 mg,SYKFT plus losartan potassium 50 mg or 100 mg.Main outcome measu res:The primary outcome was change in the 24-hour proteinuria level,after 48 weeks of treatment.Results:A total of 735 participants were enrolled.The percent decline of urine protein quantification in the SYKFT group after 48 weeks was 8.78%±2.56%(P=0.006)more than that in the losartan 50 mg group,which was 0.51%±2.54%(P=1.000)less than that in the losartan 100 mg group.Compared with the losartan potassium 50 mg group,the SYKFT plus losartan potassium 50 mg group had a 13.39%±2.49%(P<0.001)greater reduction in urine protein level.Compared with the losartan potassium 100 mg group,the SYKFT plus losartan potassium 100 mg group had a 9.77%±2.52%(P=0.001)greater reduction in urine protein.With a superiority threshold of 15%,neither was statistically significant.eGFR,serum creatinine and serum albumin from the baseline did not change statistically significant.The average change in TCM syndrome score between the patients who took SYKFT(-3.00[-6.00,-2.00])and who did not take SYKFT(-2.00[-5.00,0])was statistically significant(P=0.003).No obvious adverse reactions were observed in any group.Conclusion:SYKFT decreased the proteinuria and improved the TCM syndrome scores of primary glomerulonephritis patients,with no change in the rate of decrease in the eGFR.SYKFT plus losartan potassium therapy decreased proteinuria more than losartan potassium therapy alone.Trial registration number:NCT02063100 on ClinicalTrials.gov.展开更多
The thermal expansion coefficients of kyanite at ambient pressure have been investigated by an X-ray powder diffraction technique with temperatures up to 1000 ℃. No phase transition was observed in the experimental t...The thermal expansion coefficients of kyanite at ambient pressure have been investigated by an X-ray powder diffraction technique with temperatures up to 1000 ℃. No phase transition was observed in the experimental temperature range. Data for the unit-cell parameters and temperatures were fitted empirically resulting in the following thermal expansion coefficients： αa = 5.8（3） × 10^-5, αb = 5.8 （1）× 10^-5, αc = 5.2（1）× 10^-5, and αv = 7.4（1） × 10^-3 ℃ 1 in good agreement with a recent neutron powder diffraction study. On the other hand, the variation of the unit-cell angles α, β and γ of kyanite with increase in temperature is very complicated, and the agreement among all studies is poor. The thermal expansion data at ambient pressure reported here and the compression data at ambient temperature from the literature suggest that, for the kyanite lattice, the most and least thermally expandable directions correspond to the most and least compressible directions, respectively.展开更多
Motor function impairment is a common outcome of stroke.Constraint-induced movement therapy（CIMT）involving intensive use of the impaired limb while restraining the unaffected limb is widely used to overcome the effe...Motor function impairment is a common outcome of stroke.Constraint-induced movement therapy（CIMT）involving intensive use of the impaired limb while restraining the unaffected limb is widely used to overcome the effects of＇learned non-use＇and improve limb function after stroke.However,the underlying mechanism of CIMT remains unclear.In the present study,rats were randomly divided into a middle cerebral artery occlusion（model）group,a CIMT＋model（CIMT）group,or a sham group.Restriction of the affected limb by plaster cast was performed in the CIMT and sham groups.Compared with the model group,CIMT significantly improved the forelimb functional performance in rats.By western blot assay,the expression of phosphorylated extracellular regulated protein kinase in the bilateral cortex and hippocampi of cerebral ischemic rats in the CIMT group was significantly lower than that in the model group,and was similar to sham group levels.These data suggest that functional recovery after CIMT may be related to decreased expression of phosphorylated extracellular regulated protein kinase in the bilateral cortex and hippocampi.展开更多
BACKGROUND Glycolysis caused by hypoxia-induced abnormal activation of hypoxia inducible factor-1α(HIF-1α)in the immune microenvironment promotes the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),leading to enhanced ...BACKGROUND Glycolysis caused by hypoxia-induced abnormal activation of hypoxia inducible factor-1α(HIF-1α)in the immune microenvironment promotes the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),leading to enhanced drug resistance in cancer cells.Therefore,altering the immunosuppressive microenvironment by improving the hypoxic state is a new goal in improving cancer treatment.AIM To analyse the role of HIF-1α,which is closely related to tumour proliferation,invasion,metastasis,and angiogenesis,in the proliferation and invasion of liver cancer,and to explore the HIF-1αpathway-mediated anti-cancer mechanism of sirolimus(SRL)combined with Huai Er.METHODS Previous studies on HCC tissues identified the importance of HIF-1α,glucose transporter 1(GLUT1),and lactate dehydrogenase A(LDHA)expression.In this study,HepG2 and Huh7 cell lines were treated,under hypoxic and normoxic conditions,with a combination of SRL and Huai Er.The effects on proliferation,invasion,cell cycle,and apoptosis were analysed.Proteomics and genomics techniques were used to analyze the HIF-1α-related signalling pathway during SRL combined with Huai Er treatment and its inhibition of the proliferation of HCC cells.RESULTS High levels of HIF-1α,LDHA,and GLUT-1 were found in poorly differentiated HCC,with lower patient survival rates.Hypoxia promoted the proliferation of HepG2 and Huh7 cells and weakened the apoptosis and cell cycle blocking effects of the SRL/Huai Er treatment.This was achieved by activation of HIF-1αand glycolysis in HCC,leading to the upregulation of LDHA,GLUT-1,Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR),vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),and Forkhead box P3 and downregulation of phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten(PTEN)and p27.The hypoxia-induced activation of HIF-1αshowed the greatest attenuation in the SRL/Huai Er(S50+H8)group compared to the drug treatments alone(P<0.001).The S50+H8 treatment significantly downregulated the expression of mTOR and HIF-1α,and significantly reduced the expression of VEGF mRNA.Meanwhile,the combined blocking of mTOR and HIF-1αenhanced the downregulation of Akt/mTOR,HIF-1α,LDHA,and GLUT-1 mRNA and resulted in the downregulation of PTEN,p27,and VEGF mRNA(P<0.001).CONCLUSION SRL increases the anti-cancer effect of Huai Er,which reduces the promotion of hypoxia-induced HIF-1αon the Warburg effect by inhibition of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR-HIF-1αand HIF-1α-PTEN signalling pathways in HCC.展开更多
Pan-genomics can encompass most of the genetic diversity of a species or population and has proved to be a powerful tool for studying genomic evolution and the origin and domestication of species,and for providing inf...Pan-genomics can encompass most of the genetic diversity of a species or population and has proved to be a powerful tool for studying genomic evolution and the origin and domestication of species,and for providing information for plant improvement.Plant genomics has greatly progressed because of improvements in sequencing technologies and the rapid reduction of sequencing costs.Nevertheless,pangenomics still presents many challenges,including computationally intensive assembly methods,high costs with large numbers of samples,ineffective integration of big data,and difficulty in applying it to downstream multi-omics analysis and breeding research.In this review,we summarize the definition and recent achievements of plant pan-genomics,computational technologies used for pan-genome construction,and the applications of pan-genomes in plant genomics and molecular breeding.We also discuss challenges and perspectives for future pan-genomics studies and provide a detailed pipeline for sample selection,genome assembly and annotation,structural variation identification,and construction and application of graph-based pan-genomes.The aim is to provide important guidance for plant pan-genome research and a better understanding of the genetic basis of genome evolution,crop domestication,and phenotypic diversity for future studies.展开更多
Object detection plays an important role in the sorting process of mechanical fasteners.Although object detection has been studied for many years,it has always been an industrial problem.Edge-based model matching is o...Object detection plays an important role in the sorting process of mechanical fasteners.Although object detection has been studied for many years,it has always been an industrial problem.Edge-based model matching is only suitable for a small range of illumination changes,and the matching accuracy is low.The optical flow method and the difference method are sensitive to noise and light,and camshift tracking is less effective in complex backgrounds.In this paper,an improved target detection method based on YOLOv3-tiny is proposed.The redundant regression box generated by the prediction network is filtered by soft nonmaximum suppression(NMS)instead of the hard decision NMS algorithm.This not only increases the size of the network structure by 52×52 and improves the detection accuracy of small targets but also uses the basic structure block MobileNetv2 in the feature extraction network,which enhances the feature extraction ability with the increased network layer and improves network performance.The experimental results show that the improved YOLOv3-tiny target detection algorithm improves the detection ability of bolts,nuts,screws and gaskets.The accuracy of a single type has been improved,which shows that the network greatly enhances the ability to learn objects with slightly complex features.The detection result of single shape features is slightly improved,which is higher than the recognition accuracy of other types.The average accuracy is increased from 0.813 to 0.839,an increase of two percentage points.The recall rate is increased from 0.804 to 0.821.展开更多
The proportion of liver transplantation(LT)for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)has kept on increasing over the past years and account for 20%-40%of all LT.Post-transplant HCC recurrence is considered the most important f...The proportion of liver transplantation(LT)for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)has kept on increasing over the past years and account for 20%-40%of all LT.Post-transplant HCC recurrence is considered the most important factor affecting the long-term survival of patients.The use of different types of immunosuppressive agents after LT is closely associated with an increased risk for HCC recurrence.The most commonly used conventional immunosuppressive drugs include the calcineurin inhibitors tacrolimus(FK506)and mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor rapamycin(RAPA).Compared with tacrolimus,RAPA may carry an advantage in survival benefit because of its anti-tumor effects.However,no sufficient evidence to date has proven that RAPA could increase long-term recurrence-free survival and its anti-tumor mechanism of combined therapy remains incompletely clear.In this review,we will focus on recent advances in clinical application experience and basic research results of RAPA in patients undergoing LT for HCC to further guide the clinical practice.展开更多
Objective Patients undergoing liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)within the Milan criteria have an excellent outcome.We developed a program to analyze and prove that the Milan criteria can be expan...Objective Patients undergoing liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)within the Milan criteria have an excellent outcome.We developed a program to analyze and prove that the Milan criteria can be expanded safely and effectively.Methods We retrospectively reviewed 117 HCC patients treated with liver transplantation between January 2013 and December 2017.Patients were grouped according to the Milan criteria,the University of California,San Francisco(UCSF)criteria,Up-to-seven criteria and Hangzhou criteria.Tumor-free and overall survival rates were investigated with a Kaplan-Meier analysis.Multivariable regression Cox models produced survival estimates for the patients that exceeded the Milan criteria.Results The 1-year,3-year and 5-year overall survival rates of patients fulfilling the Milan criteria(n=44)were 100%,87.5%and 78.9%,respectively.Compared with the Milan criteria,the UCSF criteria(n=50),Up-to-seven criteria(n=51)and Hangzhou criteria(n=86)provided an expansion of 13.6%,15.9%and 95.9%,respectively.The 1-year,3-year and 5-year overall survival rates of patients fulfilling UCSF criteria,Up-to-seven criteria and Hangzhou criteria were 96.0%,84.9%,76.9%;96.1%,85.2%,77.6%and 97.7%,83.9%,66.7%,respectively(P>0.05).Multifactor Cox regression showed that tumor diameter and microvascular invasion were independent risk factors for survival in patients that exceeded the Milan criteria.Conclusion Compared with the Milan criteria,the Hangzhou criteria can safely expand the scope of liver transplantation for HCC to a certain extent.By contrast,the UCSF criteria and Up-to-seven criteria result in a limited number of patients which need further expansion.Tumor diameter and microvascular invasion were the independent risk factors for survival in patients that exceeded the Milan criteria.展开更多
Primary leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava(IVC)is a rare disease,accounting for 0.5%of soft tissue sarcomas in adults[1].A diversity of therapeutic methods have been applied to treat this type of tumor.The avera...Primary leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava(IVC)is a rare disease,accounting for 0.5%of soft tissue sarcomas in adults[1].A diversity of therapeutic methods have been applied to treat this type of tumor.The average survival time of patients who are not treated is merely 3-4 months[2].The effect of radiotherapy and chemotherapy remains unclear and controversial[3].On the other hand,the en-bloc resection with negative margins may be the only potentially curative treatment and therefore,can contribute to the long-term survival of the patients[4].During the operation,a reconstruction graft for the defected IVC needs to be chosen[5]as the graft-related complications are the surgeons’major concern,which include graft thrombosis and infection[6].Growing evidence has suggested that an allogeneic vein from donation after brain death or cardiac death is a better choice to avoid these complications[7].An allogeneic vein has been reported to be safely used in patients with pancreatic cancer in case of the portal vein and/or superior mesenteric vein invasion[8].A cryopreserved allograft can even be applied in the management of native and prosthetic aortic infections[7].Herein,we present a case of resection of a retrohepatic leiomyosarcoma of the IVC combined with partial caudate lobectomy and reconstruction with an allogeneic vein.展开更多
Aeration induced turbulence was considered as an important measure to control the occurrence of cyanobacterial blooms in many lakes.Different aeration intensities were set for the culture of Microcystis aeruginosa bas...Aeration induced turbulence was considered as an important measure to control the occurrence of cyanobacterial blooms in many lakes.Different aeration intensities were set for the culture of Microcystis aeruginosa based on the formation of Microcystis colony at high iron concentrations.The turbulent dissipation rate was calculated using a computational fluid dynamics(CFD)model to evaluate the intensity of turbulence.The effects of turbulence on the formation of Microcystis colony and the release of microcystin were analyzed.Results show that turbulence produced by aeration promoted the growth of Microcystis compared to that in stagnant water.Low intensity turbulence(4×10^(-8)-1×10^(-7) m2/s3)promoted the formation of Microcystis colonies,but high intensity turbulence(1.28×10^(-6)-1.8×10^(-5) m^(2)/s^(3))did not.The increase in the number of cells per colony was slower than that in total biomass,indicating that the low intensity turbulence induced colony formation via cell division,while the high level turbulence disaggregated colonies formed by both cell division and cell adhesion.Low aeration intensity induced more production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)and malondialdehyde(MDA)in the cells of Microcystis than those in high aeration intensity.In addition,the content of microcystin(MC)-LR in the cells was positively correlated with turbulence intensity,showing that turbulence affected not only the growth and aggregation of Microcystis colonies but also their toxin production.These findings provide a better understanding of the cyanobacterial bloom formation mechanisms and help to propose feasible methods to prevent the formation of Microcystis colonies in a natural environment.展开更多
Mammalian target of rapamycin(m TOR) inhibitor as an attractive drug target with promising antitumor effects has been widely investigated. High quality clinical trial has been conducted in liver transplant(LT) recipie...Mammalian target of rapamycin(m TOR) inhibitor as an attractive drug target with promising antitumor effects has been widely investigated. High quality clinical trial has been conducted in liver transplant(LT) recipients in Western countries. However, the pertinent studies in Eastern world are paucity. Therefore, we designed a clinical trial to test whether sirolimus can improve recurrence-free survival(RFS) in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) patients beyond the Milan criteria after LT. This is an open-labeled, single-arm, prospective, multicenter, and real-world study aiming to evaluate the clinical outcomes of early switch to sirolimus-based regimens in HCC patients after LT. Patients with a histologically proven HCC and beyond the Milan criteria will be enrolled. The initial immunosuppressant regimens are center-specifc for the frst 4-6 weeks. The following regimens integrated sirolimus into the regimens as a combination therapy with reduced calcineurin inhibitors based on the condition of patients and centers. The study is planned for 4 years in total with a 2-year enrollment period and a 2-year follow-up. We predict that sirolimus conversion regimen will provide survival benefts for patients particular in the key indicator RFS as well as better quality of life. If the trial is conducted successfully, we will have a continued monitoring over a longer follow-up time to estimate indicator of overall survival. We hope that the outcome will provide better evidence for clinical decision-making and revising treatment guidelines based on Chinese population data.展开更多
Objective:With the increasing application of vascular reconstruction in surgical procedures,allogeneic vessels are becoming more popular in clinical practice due to their abundant sources,precise diameter matching,imp...Objective:With the increasing application of vascular reconstruction in surgical procedures,allogeneic vessels are becoming more popular in clinical practice due to their abundant sources,precise diameter matching,improved histocompatibility,and higher long-term patency rate.This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of various preservation solutions on the function and structure of the isolated rat abdominal aorta preserved under hypothermal conditions.Methods:The study utilized a total of 150 Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats,with 144 rats allocated to the experimental groups and 6 rats allocated to the control groups.The abdominal aorta of the rats was chosen as the subject of our research.The aorta in the experimental groups were randomly assigned to 4 groups:University of Wisconsin(UW)solution group,histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate(HTK)solution group,normal saline(NS)group,and sodium lactate Ringer's solution(RS)group.Samples were subjected to examination after preservation periods of 1 day,3 days,5 days,7 days,14 days,30 days,and 90 days.Evaluation of vascular physiological function involved detecting and assessing vasoconstriction ability and measuring cell viability through the MTT test.Evaluation of the vascular wall structure involved tension tolerance tests and pathological staining.Results:The pathogen-positive rate in the HTK group and NS group at 1 month was 16.7%.Regarding the vascular skeleton structure,both the UW group and HTK group exhibited intact structures after 2 weeks of preservation,with slightly edematous collagen and elastic fibers,which was significantly better than that of the NS group and RS group.In terms of cell activity and contractile function,all preservation groups showed similar effects within 2 weeks.However,after 2 weeks,the UW group showed the most favorable preservation effect(P<0.05).In terms of vascular tension,different groups exhibited similar effects within 1 week.However,after 2 weeks,the UW group showed the best preservation effect(P<0.05).Conclusion:All 4 types of preservation solution had a preservation effect on the structure and function of isolated blood vessels during short-term hypothermal preservation.However,after 2-week preservation,the UW solution was found to be the most suitable solution for the preservation of blood vessels.展开更多
The thermal equation of state of a natural kyanite has been investigated with a DIA-type,cubic-anvil apparatus(SAM85)combined with an energy-dispersive synchrotron X-ray radiation technique up to 8.55 GPa and 1273 K.N...The thermal equation of state of a natural kyanite has been investigated with a DIA-type,cubic-anvil apparatus(SAM85)combined with an energy-dispersive synchrotron X-ray radiation technique up to 8.55 GPa and 1273 K.No phase transition was observed in the studied pressure-temperature(P-T)range.The Le Bail full profile refinement technique was used to derive the unit-cell parameters.By fixing the bulk modulus K 0 as 196 GPa and its pressure derivative K0 as 4,our P-V(volume)-T data were fitted to the high temperature BircheMurnaghan equation of state.The obtained parameters for the kyanite are:V_(0)=294.05(9)Å^(3),a=2.53(11)×10^(-5)K^(-1) and(K/T)P=-0.021(8)GPa∙K^(-1).These parameters have been combined with other experimentally-measured thermodynamic data for the relevant phases to calculate the P-T locus of the reaction kyanite¼stishoviteþcorundum.With this thermodynamically constrained phase boundary,previous high-pressure phase equi-librium experimental studies with the multi-anvil press have been evaluated.展开更多
Okra(Abelmoschus esculentus)is an important vegetable crop with high nutritional value.However,the mechanism underlying its high nutrient content remains poorly understood.Here,we present a chromosome-scale genome of ...Okra(Abelmoschus esculentus)is an important vegetable crop with high nutritional value.However,the mechanism underlying its high nutrient content remains poorly understood.Here,we present a chromosome-scale genome of okra with a size of 1.19 Gb.Comparative genomics analysis revealed the phylogenetic status of A.esculentus,as well as whole-genome duplication(WGD)events that have occurred widely across the Malvaceae species.We found that okra has experienced three additional WGDs compared with the diploid cotton Gossypium raimondii,resulting in a large chromosome number(2n=130).After three WGDs,okra has undergone extensive genomic deletions and retained substantial numbers of genes related to secondary metabolite biosynthesis and environmental adaptation,resulting in significant differences between okra and G.raimondii in the gene families related to cellulose synthesis.Combining transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis,we revealed the relationship between gene expression and metabolite content change across different okra developmental stages.Furthermore,the sinapic acid/S-lignin biosynthesis-related gene families have experienced remarkable expansion in okra,and the expression of key enzymes involved in the sinapic acid/S-lignin biosynthesis pathway vary greatly across developmental periods,which partially explains the differences in metabolite content across the different stages.Our study gains insights into the comprehensive evolutionary history of Malvaceae species and the genetic basis that underlies the nutrient content changes in okra,which will facilitate the functional study and genetic improvement of okra varieties.展开更多
BACKGROUND As the lymph-node metastasis rate and sites vary among pancreatic head carcinomas(PHCs)of different T stages,selective extended lymphadenectomy(ELD)performance may improve the prognosis of patients with PHC...BACKGROUND As the lymph-node metastasis rate and sites vary among pancreatic head carcinomas(PHCs)of different T stages,selective extended lymphadenectomy(ELD)performance may improve the prognosis of patients with PHC.AIM To investigate the effect of ELD on the long-term prognosis of patients with PHC of different T stages.METHODS We analyzed data from 216 patients with PHC who underwent surgery at our hospital between January 2011 and December 2021.The patients were divided into extended and standard lymphadenectomy(SLD)groups according to extent of lymphadenectomy and into T1,T2,and T3 groups according to the 8 th edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer’s staging system.Perioperative data and prognoses were compared among groups.Risk factors associated with prognoses were identified through univariate and multivariate analyses.RESULTS The 1-,2-and 3-year overall survival(OS)rates in the extended and SLD groups were 69.0%,39.5%,and 26.8%and 55.1%,32.6%,and 22.1%,respectively(P=0.073).The 1-,2-and 3-year disease-free survival rates in the extended and SLD groups of patients with stage-T3 PHC were 50.3%,25.1%,and 15.1%and 22.1%,1.7%,and 0%,respectively(P=0.025);the corresponding OS rates were 65.3%,38.1%,and 21.8%and 36.1%,7.5%,and 0%,respectively(P=0.073).Multivariate analysis indicated that portal vein invasion and lymphadenectomy extent were risk factors for prognosis in patients with stage-T3 PHC.CONCLUSION ELD may improve the prognosis of patients with stage-T3 PHC and may be of benefit if performed selectively.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Delayed post-pancreatectomy hemorrhage(PPH)is life-threatening,and endovascular interventions show promise.This retrospective study aimed to evaluate endovascular treatment outcomes for delayed PPH and identify mortality risk factors.AIM To conduct a single-center retrospective study of 88 patients with delayed PPH to systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy of endovascular treatment,identify independent risk factors for six-month mortality,and propose and validate a predictive model for individualized management of high-risk patients.METHODS This retrospective analysis included 88 patients with delayed PPH treated by endovascular intervention.Patients were stratified into survival(n=64)and mortality(n=24)groups.Clinical and procedural variables were assessed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression.Significant predictors were incorporated into a prognostic nomogram.Model performance was assessed through discrimination(area under the receiver operating characteristic curve),calibration,and decision curve analysis.RESULTS Technical and clinical success rates were 92.0%and 60.2%,respectively.The overall six-month mortality rate was 27.3%(24/88).Independent predictors of mortality included advanced age,prolonged operative time,shorter hospital stay,intra-abdominal infection,coagulation dysfunction,common hepatic artery bleeding,and failure to achieve clinical success.The nomogram demonstrated excellent discrimination(area under the receiver operating characteristic curve=0.943),with good calibration and favorable net benefit on decision curve analysis.CONCLUSION We proposed and validated a predictive nomogram for six-month mortality following endovascular treatment for delayed PPH.The model facilitates individualized risk stratification and may guide clinical decision-making.Early identification of high-risk patients-particularly older individuals or those with infection or coagulopathy-and prompt,personalized intervention may improve outcomes in this high-risk population.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32101759,32241042)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFD1200700 and 2023YFD1200704).
文摘Foxtail millet(Setaria italica)is an important crop and an emerging model plant.Photoperiodic flowering is a key determinant of its production and geographic expansion.In this study,we found that SiPRR37 is responsible for the major quantitative trait locus(QTL)Heading date 2(Hd2)identified in 680 foxtail millets using a genome-wide association study.Overexpression of SiPRR37 in foxtail millet significantly delayed the heading date under both natural long-day and short-day conditions.CRISPR/Cas9-induced Siprr37 mutants exhibited earlier flowering in long-day conditions but later flowering in short-day conditions.The critical day length(CDL)for the reversal of Siprr37’s function was around 14.3 h.Haplotype analysis revealed that accessions with the Tc1-Mariner transposon insertion in SiPRR37(Hap 1)flowered significantly earlier at higher latitudes,and later at lower latitudes,indicating that natural variants of SiPRR37 exert dual functions in flowering regulation according to geographic latitude.The gradual,successive decrease in the frequency of Hap 2 from low to high latitudes,with the concurrent increase of Hap 1,demonstrates that these haplotypes have undergone artificial selection.Further FST analysis demonstrated that SiPRR37 has contributed to the ecological adaption of foxtail millet.Additionally,we reveal that OsPRR37 promotes flowering in rice,while GmPRR37 may only inhibit flowering in soybean.Further diurnal expression and transgenic analyses suggest that the dual function of SiPRR37 might depend on SiHd1.Our study uncovered the distinct functional reversal of SiPRR37 and functional diversification of PRR37 homologs in SD crops.These findings not only enrich knowledge about the regulation of photoperiodic flowering,but also contribute to genetic improvement of crops’regional adaptability.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.31972852,32371496,and 81903527)the Key Project at Central Government Level:the Ability Establishment of Sustainable Use for Valuable Chinese Medicine Resources(No.2060302)。
文摘The bioactivity-guided isolation of potentially active natural products has been widely utilized in pharmaceutical discovery.In this study,by screening fungal extracts against coxsackievirus B3(CVB3),three new aspochalasins,templichalasins A-C(1-3),along with six known aspochalasins(4-9)were isolated from an active extract derived from the endophytic fungus Aspergillus templicola LHWf045.Compound 1 features a unique 5/6/5/7/5 pentacyclic ring system,while compounds 2 and 3 possess unusual 5/6/6/7 tetracyclic skeletons.Their structures were characterized through extensive spectroscopic analyses,electronic circular dichroism(ECD)calculations,and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis.Additionally,we demonstrated that compound 4 can be readily converted into compounds 1-3 under mild acidic conditions and proposed a plausible mechanism for this conversion.Bioactivity evaluation of compounds 1-9 against CVB3 revealed the inhibitory effects of all compounds against the virus.Notably,compound 9 exhibited superior antiviral activity,surpassing the commercial drug ribavirin in selectivity index(SI)value.
基金Project supported by the Development Plan for Academics in Huanshui,the Natural Science Foundation of the Henan Province(182300410169,182102210201)the Support Project of Scientific and Technological Innovation Talents of Universities in Henan Province(19HASTIT023).
文摘Cerium oxide/silicon rubber was prepared via mechanical blending.Mechanical and frictional properties,as well as thermal stability after thermo-oxidative ageing were investigated in this rubber composite.3D surface profilometry,scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and thermogravimetry analysis(TGA)were used to study the friction surface characteristics,friction mechanism and thermal stability,respectively.Additionally,swelling experiments were carried out to investigate the variation of crosslinking density.After thermo-oxidative ageing,the tear strength of cerium oxide/silicon rubber decreases.However,in the early ageing stage,improvements in tensile strength,elongation at break,and frictional performance are caused by crosslinking density increments.Moreover,the addition of cerium oxide remarkably improves the re-cross linking degree during ageing process,which in turn decreases the number of holes on the friction surface and endows the silicon rubber with better mechanical and frictional properties,as well as thermo-oxidative ageing resistance.
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Major Projects of China(No.2014ZX09201021)Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission Major Projects(No.D181100000118002)。
文摘Background:Shenyankangfu Tablet(SYKFT)is a Chinese patent medicine that has been used widely to decrease proteinuria and the progression of chronic kidney disease.Objective:This trial compared the efficacy and safety of SYKFT,for the control of proteinuria in primary glomerulonephritis patients,against the standard drug,losartan potassium.Design,setting,participants and intervention:This was a multicenter,double-blind,randomized,controlled clinical trial.Primary glomerulonephritis patients,aged 18-70 years,with blood pressure≤140/90 mmHg,estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)>45 mL/min per 1.73 ㎡,and 24-hour proteinuria level of 0.5-3.0 g,were recruited in 41 hospitals across 19 provinces in China and were randomly divided into five groups:SYKFT,losartan potassium 50 mg or 100 mg,SYKFT plus losartan potassium 50 mg or 100 mg.Main outcome measu res:The primary outcome was change in the 24-hour proteinuria level,after 48 weeks of treatment.Results:A total of 735 participants were enrolled.The percent decline of urine protein quantification in the SYKFT group after 48 weeks was 8.78%±2.56%(P=0.006)more than that in the losartan 50 mg group,which was 0.51%±2.54%(P=1.000)less than that in the losartan 100 mg group.Compared with the losartan potassium 50 mg group,the SYKFT plus losartan potassium 50 mg group had a 13.39%±2.49%(P<0.001)greater reduction in urine protein level.Compared with the losartan potassium 100 mg group,the SYKFT plus losartan potassium 100 mg group had a 9.77%±2.52%(P=0.001)greater reduction in urine protein.With a superiority threshold of 15%,neither was statistically significant.eGFR,serum creatinine and serum albumin from the baseline did not change statistically significant.The average change in TCM syndrome score between the patients who took SYKFT(-3.00[-6.00,-2.00])and who did not take SYKFT(-2.00[-5.00,0])was statistically significant(P=0.003).No obvious adverse reactions were observed in any group.Conclusion:SYKFT decreased the proteinuria and improved the TCM syndrome scores of primary glomerulonephritis patients,with no change in the rate of decrease in the eGFR.SYKFT plus losartan potassium therapy decreased proteinuria more than losartan potassium therapy alone.Trial registration number:NCT02063100 on ClinicalTrials.gov.
基金financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant 40872033)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(to XL)the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada(to MF)
文摘The thermal expansion coefficients of kyanite at ambient pressure have been investigated by an X-ray powder diffraction technique with temperatures up to 1000 ℃. No phase transition was observed in the experimental temperature range. Data for the unit-cell parameters and temperatures were fitted empirically resulting in the following thermal expansion coefficients： αa = 5.8（3） × 10^-5, αb = 5.8 （1）× 10^-5, αc = 5.2（1）× 10^-5, and αv = 7.4（1） × 10^-3 ℃ 1 in good agreement with a recent neutron powder diffraction study. On the other hand, the variation of the unit-cell angles α, β and γ of kyanite with increase in temperature is very complicated, and the agreement among all studies is poor. The thermal expansion data at ambient pressure reported here and the compression data at ambient temperature from the literature suggest that, for the kyanite lattice, the most and least thermally expandable directions correspond to the most and least compressible directions, respectively.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81372119a grant from the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality,No.12ZR1404000
文摘Motor function impairment is a common outcome of stroke.Constraint-induced movement therapy（CIMT）involving intensive use of the impaired limb while restraining the unaffected limb is widely used to overcome the effects of＇learned non-use＇and improve limb function after stroke.However,the underlying mechanism of CIMT remains unclear.In the present study,rats were randomly divided into a middle cerebral artery occlusion（model）group,a CIMT＋model（CIMT）group,or a sham group.Restriction of the affected limb by plaster cast was performed in the CIMT and sham groups.Compared with the model group,CIMT significantly improved the forelimb functional performance in rats.By western blot assay,the expression of phosphorylated extracellular regulated protein kinase in the bilateral cortex and hippocampi of cerebral ischemic rats in the CIMT group was significantly lower than that in the model group,and was similar to sham group levels.These data suggest that functional recovery after CIMT may be related to decreased expression of phosphorylated extracellular regulated protein kinase in the bilateral cortex and hippocampi.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Capital Medical University,No.PYZ20014 and No.PYZ21074。
文摘BACKGROUND Glycolysis caused by hypoxia-induced abnormal activation of hypoxia inducible factor-1α(HIF-1α)in the immune microenvironment promotes the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),leading to enhanced drug resistance in cancer cells.Therefore,altering the immunosuppressive microenvironment by improving the hypoxic state is a new goal in improving cancer treatment.AIM To analyse the role of HIF-1α,which is closely related to tumour proliferation,invasion,metastasis,and angiogenesis,in the proliferation and invasion of liver cancer,and to explore the HIF-1αpathway-mediated anti-cancer mechanism of sirolimus(SRL)combined with Huai Er.METHODS Previous studies on HCC tissues identified the importance of HIF-1α,glucose transporter 1(GLUT1),and lactate dehydrogenase A(LDHA)expression.In this study,HepG2 and Huh7 cell lines were treated,under hypoxic and normoxic conditions,with a combination of SRL and Huai Er.The effects on proliferation,invasion,cell cycle,and apoptosis were analysed.Proteomics and genomics techniques were used to analyze the HIF-1α-related signalling pathway during SRL combined with Huai Er treatment and its inhibition of the proliferation of HCC cells.RESULTS High levels of HIF-1α,LDHA,and GLUT-1 were found in poorly differentiated HCC,with lower patient survival rates.Hypoxia promoted the proliferation of HepG2 and Huh7 cells and weakened the apoptosis and cell cycle blocking effects of the SRL/Huai Er treatment.This was achieved by activation of HIF-1αand glycolysis in HCC,leading to the upregulation of LDHA,GLUT-1,Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR),vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),and Forkhead box P3 and downregulation of phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten(PTEN)and p27.The hypoxia-induced activation of HIF-1αshowed the greatest attenuation in the SRL/Huai Er(S50+H8)group compared to the drug treatments alone(P<0.001).The S50+H8 treatment significantly downregulated the expression of mTOR and HIF-1α,and significantly reduced the expression of VEGF mRNA.Meanwhile,the combined blocking of mTOR and HIF-1αenhanced the downregulation of Akt/mTOR,HIF-1α,LDHA,and GLUT-1 mRNA and resulted in the downregulation of PTEN,p27,and VEGF mRNA(P<0.001).CONCLUSION SRL increases the anti-cancer effect of Huai Er,which reduces the promotion of hypoxia-induced HIF-1αon the Warburg effect by inhibition of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR-HIF-1αand HIF-1α-PTEN signalling pathways in HCC.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32100500)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(C2021201048)Interdisciplinary Research Program of Natural Science of Hebei University。
文摘Pan-genomics can encompass most of the genetic diversity of a species or population and has proved to be a powerful tool for studying genomic evolution and the origin and domestication of species,and for providing information for plant improvement.Plant genomics has greatly progressed because of improvements in sequencing technologies and the rapid reduction of sequencing costs.Nevertheless,pangenomics still presents many challenges,including computationally intensive assembly methods,high costs with large numbers of samples,ineffective integration of big data,and difficulty in applying it to downstream multi-omics analysis and breeding research.In this review,we summarize the definition and recent achievements of plant pan-genomics,computational technologies used for pan-genome construction,and the applications of pan-genomes in plant genomics and molecular breeding.We also discuss challenges and perspectives for future pan-genomics studies and provide a detailed pipeline for sample selection,genome assembly and annotation,structural variation identification,and construction and application of graph-based pan-genomes.The aim is to provide important guidance for plant pan-genome research and a better understanding of the genetic basis of genome evolution,crop domestication,and phenotypic diversity for future studies.
基金The authors gratefully acknowledge the support provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U20A20265)。
文摘Object detection plays an important role in the sorting process of mechanical fasteners.Although object detection has been studied for many years,it has always been an industrial problem.Edge-based model matching is only suitable for a small range of illumination changes,and the matching accuracy is low.The optical flow method and the difference method are sensitive to noise and light,and camshift tracking is less effective in complex backgrounds.In this paper,an improved target detection method based on YOLOv3-tiny is proposed.The redundant regression box generated by the prediction network is filtered by soft nonmaximum suppression(NMS)instead of the hard decision NMS algorithm.This not only increases the size of the network structure by 52×52 and improves the detection accuracy of small targets but also uses the basic structure block MobileNetv2 in the feature extraction network,which enhances the feature extraction ability with the increased network layer and improves network performance.The experimental results show that the improved YOLOv3-tiny target detection algorithm improves the detection ability of bolts,nuts,screws and gaskets.The accuracy of a single type has been improved,which shows that the network greatly enhances the ability to learn objects with slightly complex features.The detection result of single shape features is slightly improved,which is higher than the recognition accuracy of other types.The average accuracy is increased from 0.813 to 0.839,an increase of two percentage points.The recall rate is increased from 0.804 to 0.821.
文摘The proportion of liver transplantation(LT)for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)has kept on increasing over the past years and account for 20%-40%of all LT.Post-transplant HCC recurrence is considered the most important factor affecting the long-term survival of patients.The use of different types of immunosuppressive agents after LT is closely associated with an increased risk for HCC recurrence.The most commonly used conventional immunosuppressive drugs include the calcineurin inhibitors tacrolimus(FK506)and mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor rapamycin(RAPA).Compared with tacrolimus,RAPA may carry an advantage in survival benefit because of its anti-tumor effects.However,no sufficient evidence to date has proven that RAPA could increase long-term recurrence-free survival and its anti-tumor mechanism of combined therapy remains incompletely clear.In this review,we will focus on recent advances in clinical application experience and basic research results of RAPA in patients undergoing LT for HCC to further guide the clinical practice.
文摘Objective Patients undergoing liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)within the Milan criteria have an excellent outcome.We developed a program to analyze and prove that the Milan criteria can be expanded safely and effectively.Methods We retrospectively reviewed 117 HCC patients treated with liver transplantation between January 2013 and December 2017.Patients were grouped according to the Milan criteria,the University of California,San Francisco(UCSF)criteria,Up-to-seven criteria and Hangzhou criteria.Tumor-free and overall survival rates were investigated with a Kaplan-Meier analysis.Multivariable regression Cox models produced survival estimates for the patients that exceeded the Milan criteria.Results The 1-year,3-year and 5-year overall survival rates of patients fulfilling the Milan criteria(n=44)were 100%,87.5%and 78.9%,respectively.Compared with the Milan criteria,the UCSF criteria(n=50),Up-to-seven criteria(n=51)and Hangzhou criteria(n=86)provided an expansion of 13.6%,15.9%and 95.9%,respectively.The 1-year,3-year and 5-year overall survival rates of patients fulfilling UCSF criteria,Up-to-seven criteria and Hangzhou criteria were 96.0%,84.9%,76.9%;96.1%,85.2%,77.6%and 97.7%,83.9%,66.7%,respectively(P>0.05).Multifactor Cox regression showed that tumor diameter and microvascular invasion were independent risk factors for survival in patients that exceeded the Milan criteria.Conclusion Compared with the Milan criteria,the Hangzhou criteria can safely expand the scope of liver transplantation for HCC to a certain extent.By contrast,the UCSF criteria and Up-to-seven criteria result in a limited number of patients which need further expansion.Tumor diameter and microvascular invasion were the independent risk factors for survival in patients that exceeded the Milan criteria.
文摘Primary leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava(IVC)is a rare disease,accounting for 0.5%of soft tissue sarcomas in adults[1].A diversity of therapeutic methods have been applied to treat this type of tumor.The average survival time of patients who are not treated is merely 3-4 months[2].The effect of radiotherapy and chemotherapy remains unclear and controversial[3].On the other hand,the en-bloc resection with negative margins may be the only potentially curative treatment and therefore,can contribute to the long-term survival of the patients[4].During the operation,a reconstruction graft for the defected IVC needs to be chosen[5]as the graft-related complications are the surgeons’major concern,which include graft thrombosis and infection[6].Growing evidence has suggested that an allogeneic vein from donation after brain death or cardiac death is a better choice to avoid these complications[7].An allogeneic vein has been reported to be safely used in patients with pancreatic cancer in case of the portal vein and/or superior mesenteric vein invasion[8].A cryopreserved allograft can even be applied in the management of native and prosthetic aortic infections[7].Herein,we present a case of resection of a retrohepatic leiomyosarcoma of the IVC combined with partial caudate lobectomy and reconstruction with an allogeneic vein.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51979236)。
文摘Aeration induced turbulence was considered as an important measure to control the occurrence of cyanobacterial blooms in many lakes.Different aeration intensities were set for the culture of Microcystis aeruginosa based on the formation of Microcystis colony at high iron concentrations.The turbulent dissipation rate was calculated using a computational fluid dynamics(CFD)model to evaluate the intensity of turbulence.The effects of turbulence on the formation of Microcystis colony and the release of microcystin were analyzed.Results show that turbulence produced by aeration promoted the growth of Microcystis compared to that in stagnant water.Low intensity turbulence(4×10^(-8)-1×10^(-7) m2/s3)promoted the formation of Microcystis colonies,but high intensity turbulence(1.28×10^(-6)-1.8×10^(-5) m^(2)/s^(3))did not.The increase in the number of cells per colony was slower than that in total biomass,indicating that the low intensity turbulence induced colony formation via cell division,while the high level turbulence disaggregated colonies formed by both cell division and cell adhesion.Low aeration intensity induced more production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)and malondialdehyde(MDA)in the cells of Microcystis than those in high aeration intensity.In addition,the content of microcystin(MC)-LR in the cells was positively correlated with turbulence intensity,showing that turbulence affected not only the growth and aggregation of Microcystis colonies but also their toxin production.These findings provide a better understanding of the cyanobacterial bloom formation mechanisms and help to propose feasible methods to prevent the formation of Microcystis colonies in a natural environment.
基金supported by grants from the National S&T Major Project (2017ZX10203205)Key Program,National Natural Science Foundation of China (81930016)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (LY21H160026)。
文摘Mammalian target of rapamycin(m TOR) inhibitor as an attractive drug target with promising antitumor effects has been widely investigated. High quality clinical trial has been conducted in liver transplant(LT) recipients in Western countries. However, the pertinent studies in Eastern world are paucity. Therefore, we designed a clinical trial to test whether sirolimus can improve recurrence-free survival(RFS) in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) patients beyond the Milan criteria after LT. This is an open-labeled, single-arm, prospective, multicenter, and real-world study aiming to evaluate the clinical outcomes of early switch to sirolimus-based regimens in HCC patients after LT. Patients with a histologically proven HCC and beyond the Milan criteria will be enrolled. The initial immunosuppressant regimens are center-specifc for the frst 4-6 weeks. The following regimens integrated sirolimus into the regimens as a combination therapy with reduced calcineurin inhibitors based on the condition of patients and centers. The study is planned for 4 years in total with a 2-year enrollment period and a 2-year follow-up. We predict that sirolimus conversion regimen will provide survival benefts for patients particular in the key indicator RFS as well as better quality of life. If the trial is conducted successfully, we will have a continued monitoring over a longer follow-up time to estimate indicator of overall survival. We hope that the outcome will provide better evidence for clinical decision-making and revising treatment guidelines based on Chinese population data.
文摘Objective:With the increasing application of vascular reconstruction in surgical procedures,allogeneic vessels are becoming more popular in clinical practice due to their abundant sources,precise diameter matching,improved histocompatibility,and higher long-term patency rate.This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of various preservation solutions on the function and structure of the isolated rat abdominal aorta preserved under hypothermal conditions.Methods:The study utilized a total of 150 Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats,with 144 rats allocated to the experimental groups and 6 rats allocated to the control groups.The abdominal aorta of the rats was chosen as the subject of our research.The aorta in the experimental groups were randomly assigned to 4 groups:University of Wisconsin(UW)solution group,histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate(HTK)solution group,normal saline(NS)group,and sodium lactate Ringer's solution(RS)group.Samples were subjected to examination after preservation periods of 1 day,3 days,5 days,7 days,14 days,30 days,and 90 days.Evaluation of vascular physiological function involved detecting and assessing vasoconstriction ability and measuring cell viability through the MTT test.Evaluation of the vascular wall structure involved tension tolerance tests and pathological staining.Results:The pathogen-positive rate in the HTK group and NS group at 1 month was 16.7%.Regarding the vascular skeleton structure,both the UW group and HTK group exhibited intact structures after 2 weeks of preservation,with slightly edematous collagen and elastic fibers,which was significantly better than that of the NS group and RS group.In terms of cell activity and contractile function,all preservation groups showed similar effects within 2 weeks.However,after 2 weeks,the UW group showed the most favorable preservation effect(P<0.05).In terms of vascular tension,different groups exhibited similar effects within 1 week.However,after 2 weeks,the UW group showed the best preservation effect(P<0.05).Conclusion:All 4 types of preservation solution had a preservation effect on the structure and function of isolated blood vessels during short-term hypothermal preservation.However,after 2-week preservation,the UW solution was found to be the most suitable solution for the preservation of blood vessels.
基金This work is financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.41273072)by the Strategic Priority Research Program(B)of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB18030602).
文摘The thermal equation of state of a natural kyanite has been investigated with a DIA-type,cubic-anvil apparatus(SAM85)combined with an energy-dispersive synchrotron X-ray radiation technique up to 8.55 GPa and 1273 K.No phase transition was observed in the studied pressure-temperature(P-T)range.The Le Bail full profile refinement technique was used to derive the unit-cell parameters.By fixing the bulk modulus K 0 as 196 GPa and its pressure derivative K0 as 4,our P-V(volume)-T data were fitted to the high temperature BircheMurnaghan equation of state.The obtained parameters for the kyanite are:V_(0)=294.05(9)Å^(3),a=2.53(11)×10^(-5)K^(-1) and(K/T)P=-0.021(8)GPa∙K^(-1).These parameters have been combined with other experimentally-measured thermodynamic data for the relevant phases to calculate the P-T locus of the reaction kyanite¼stishoviteþcorundum.With this thermodynamically constrained phase boundary,previous high-pressure phase equi-librium experimental studies with the multi-anvil press have been evaluated.
基金This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(Grant No.C2021201048)the Interdisciplinary Research Program of Natural Science of Hebei University(Grant No.513201422004)。
文摘Okra(Abelmoschus esculentus)is an important vegetable crop with high nutritional value.However,the mechanism underlying its high nutrient content remains poorly understood.Here,we present a chromosome-scale genome of okra with a size of 1.19 Gb.Comparative genomics analysis revealed the phylogenetic status of A.esculentus,as well as whole-genome duplication(WGD)events that have occurred widely across the Malvaceae species.We found that okra has experienced three additional WGDs compared with the diploid cotton Gossypium raimondii,resulting in a large chromosome number(2n=130).After three WGDs,okra has undergone extensive genomic deletions and retained substantial numbers of genes related to secondary metabolite biosynthesis and environmental adaptation,resulting in significant differences between okra and G.raimondii in the gene families related to cellulose synthesis.Combining transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis,we revealed the relationship between gene expression and metabolite content change across different okra developmental stages.Furthermore,the sinapic acid/S-lignin biosynthesis-related gene families have experienced remarkable expansion in okra,and the expression of key enzymes involved in the sinapic acid/S-lignin biosynthesis pathway vary greatly across developmental periods,which partially explains the differences in metabolite content across the different stages.Our study gains insights into the comprehensive evolutionary history of Malvaceae species and the genetic basis that underlies the nutrient content changes in okra,which will facilitate the functional study and genetic improvement of okra varieties.
文摘BACKGROUND As the lymph-node metastasis rate and sites vary among pancreatic head carcinomas(PHCs)of different T stages,selective extended lymphadenectomy(ELD)performance may improve the prognosis of patients with PHC.AIM To investigate the effect of ELD on the long-term prognosis of patients with PHC of different T stages.METHODS We analyzed data from 216 patients with PHC who underwent surgery at our hospital between January 2011 and December 2021.The patients were divided into extended and standard lymphadenectomy(SLD)groups according to extent of lymphadenectomy and into T1,T2,and T3 groups according to the 8 th edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer’s staging system.Perioperative data and prognoses were compared among groups.Risk factors associated with prognoses were identified through univariate and multivariate analyses.RESULTS The 1-,2-and 3-year overall survival(OS)rates in the extended and SLD groups were 69.0%,39.5%,and 26.8%and 55.1%,32.6%,and 22.1%,respectively(P=0.073).The 1-,2-and 3-year disease-free survival rates in the extended and SLD groups of patients with stage-T3 PHC were 50.3%,25.1%,and 15.1%and 22.1%,1.7%,and 0%,respectively(P=0.025);the corresponding OS rates were 65.3%,38.1%,and 21.8%and 36.1%,7.5%,and 0%,respectively(P=0.073).Multivariate analysis indicated that portal vein invasion and lymphadenectomy extent were risk factors for prognosis in patients with stage-T3 PHC.CONCLUSION ELD may improve the prognosis of patients with stage-T3 PHC and may be of benefit if performed selectively.
