We previously found that oxygen-glucose-serum deprivation/restoration（OGSD/R） induces apoptosis of spinal cord astrocytes, possibly via caspase-12 and the integrated stress response, which involves protein kinase R-...We previously found that oxygen-glucose-serum deprivation/restoration（OGSD/R） induces apoptosis of spinal cord astrocytes, possibly via caspase-12 and the integrated stress response, which involves protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase（PERK）, eukaryotic initiation factor 2-alpha（eIF2α） and activating transcription factor 4（ATF4）. We hypothesized that edaravone, a low molecular weight, lipophilic free radical scavenger, would reduce OGSD/R-induced apoptosis of spinal cord astrocytes. To test this, we established primary cultures of rat astrocytes, and exposed them to 8 hours/6 hours of OGSD/R with or without edaravone（0.1, 1, 10, 100 μM） treatment. We found that 100 μM of edaravone significantly suppressed astrocyte apoptosis and inhibited the release of reactive oxygen species. It also inhibited the activation of caspase-12 and caspase-3, and reduced the expression of homologous CCAAT/enhancer binding protein, phosphorylated（p）-PERK, p-eIF2α, and ATF4. These results point to a new use of an established drug in the prevention of OGSD/R-mediated spinal cord astrocyte apoptosis via the integrated stress response.展开更多
BACKGROUND Different external skeletal fixators have been widely used in preoperative traction of high-energy tibial fractures prior to a definitive surgical treatment.However,the early complications associated with t...BACKGROUND Different external skeletal fixators have been widely used in preoperative traction of high-energy tibial fractures prior to a definitive surgical treatment.However,the early complications associated with this staged treatment for traction and soft tissue injury recovery have rarely been discussed.AIM To analyze the early complications associated with preoperative external traction fixation in the staged treatment of tibial fractures.METHODS A total of 402 patients with high-energy tibial fractures treated using preoperative external traction fixation at a Level 1 trauma center from 2014 to 2018 were enrolled in this retrospective study.Data regarding the demographic information,Tscherne soft tissue injury,fracture site,entry point placement,and duration of traction were recorded.Procedure-related complications such as movement and sensation disorder,vessel injury,discharge,infection,loosening,and iatrogenic fractures were analyzed.RESULTS The mean patient age was 42.5(18-71)years,and the mean duration of traction was 7.5(0-26)d.In total,19(4.7%)patients presented with procedure-related complications,including technique-associated complications in 6 patients and nursing-associated complications in 13.Differences in the incidence of complications with respect to sex,affected side,soft tissue injury classification,and fracture sites were not observed.However,the number of complications due to hammer insertion was significantly reduced than those due to drill insertions(2.9%vs 7.4%).CONCLUSION We found a low incidence of early complications related to the fixation.Furthermore,the complications were not significantly associated with the severity of the soft tissue injury and fracture site.Although relatively rough and more likely to cause pain,the number of complications associated with hammer insertion was significantly smaller than that of complications associated with drill insertion.展开更多
Background:Nowadays,the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)injury has been one of the most common diseases of the knee joint.The relationships between the ACL injury and the anatomical structures are still controversial....Background:Nowadays,the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)injury has been one of the most common diseases of the knee joint.The relationships between the ACL injury and the anatomical structures are still controversial.This study aimed to identify the anatomical risk factors of ACL injury by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)of the knee. Methods:This was a retrospective study of 125 patients undergoing primary ACL reconstruction between July 2013 and May 2017. Another 125 patients without any organic knee joint injury were served as controls.The shape of intercondylar notch,the intercondylar notch width index,the intercondylar notch height index,the a angle,the β angle,and the medial and lateral tibial plateau slope were measured with MRI and compared.The data were compared by binary logistic regression to find the risk factors. Results:The two groups differed in the proportion of male patients (70.4% vs.52.0%,x^2 =8.911,P =0.003),but gender was excluded as a risk factor for ACL injury with regression analysis (odds ratio =1.476,95%confidence interval [CI]:0.689-3.160,P =0.317). The injured group was found to have a smaller notch width index (95%CI =7.960E-23-2.154E-9,P <0.001),a larger β angle (95% CI =1.311-1.785,P <0.001),and a larger lateral tibial plateau slope (95%CI =1.201-1.683,P <0.001).The cutoff values of notch width index,β angle,and the lateral tibial plateau slope were 0.252,38.5°,and 7.5°,respectively. Conclusions:In this study,a narrow intercondylar notch (intercondylar notch width index <0.252),a larger lateral tibial slope ( >7.5°), and larger β angle ( >38.5°)might be the factors associated with ACL injury.展开更多
基金supported by a grant from the Science&Technology Bureau of Changzhou City of China,No.CJ20130029
文摘We previously found that oxygen-glucose-serum deprivation/restoration（OGSD/R） induces apoptosis of spinal cord astrocytes, possibly via caspase-12 and the integrated stress response, which involves protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase（PERK）, eukaryotic initiation factor 2-alpha（eIF2α） and activating transcription factor 4（ATF4）. We hypothesized that edaravone, a low molecular weight, lipophilic free radical scavenger, would reduce OGSD/R-induced apoptosis of spinal cord astrocytes. To test this, we established primary cultures of rat astrocytes, and exposed them to 8 hours/6 hours of OGSD/R with or without edaravone（0.1, 1, 10, 100 μM） treatment. We found that 100 μM of edaravone significantly suppressed astrocyte apoptosis and inhibited the release of reactive oxygen species. It also inhibited the activation of caspase-12 and caspase-3, and reduced the expression of homologous CCAAT/enhancer binding protein, phosphorylated（p）-PERK, p-eIF2α, and ATF4. These results point to a new use of an established drug in the prevention of OGSD/R-mediated spinal cord astrocyte apoptosis via the integrated stress response.
文摘BACKGROUND Different external skeletal fixators have been widely used in preoperative traction of high-energy tibial fractures prior to a definitive surgical treatment.However,the early complications associated with this staged treatment for traction and soft tissue injury recovery have rarely been discussed.AIM To analyze the early complications associated with preoperative external traction fixation in the staged treatment of tibial fractures.METHODS A total of 402 patients with high-energy tibial fractures treated using preoperative external traction fixation at a Level 1 trauma center from 2014 to 2018 were enrolled in this retrospective study.Data regarding the demographic information,Tscherne soft tissue injury,fracture site,entry point placement,and duration of traction were recorded.Procedure-related complications such as movement and sensation disorder,vessel injury,discharge,infection,loosening,and iatrogenic fractures were analyzed.RESULTS The mean patient age was 42.5(18-71)years,and the mean duration of traction was 7.5(0-26)d.In total,19(4.7%)patients presented with procedure-related complications,including technique-associated complications in 6 patients and nursing-associated complications in 13.Differences in the incidence of complications with respect to sex,affected side,soft tissue injury classification,and fracture sites were not observed.However,the number of complications due to hammer insertion was significantly reduced than those due to drill insertions(2.9%vs 7.4%).CONCLUSION We found a low incidence of early complications related to the fixation.Furthermore,the complications were not significantly associated with the severity of the soft tissue injury and fracture site.Although relatively rough and more likely to cause pain,the number of complications associated with hammer insertion was significantly smaller than that of complications associated with drill insertion.
基金grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.81171730)Postgraduate Research and Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province (No.SJCX17_0658).
文摘Background:Nowadays,the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)injury has been one of the most common diseases of the knee joint.The relationships between the ACL injury and the anatomical structures are still controversial.This study aimed to identify the anatomical risk factors of ACL injury by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)of the knee. Methods:This was a retrospective study of 125 patients undergoing primary ACL reconstruction between July 2013 and May 2017. Another 125 patients without any organic knee joint injury were served as controls.The shape of intercondylar notch,the intercondylar notch width index,the intercondylar notch height index,the a angle,the β angle,and the medial and lateral tibial plateau slope were measured with MRI and compared.The data were compared by binary logistic regression to find the risk factors. Results:The two groups differed in the proportion of male patients (70.4% vs.52.0%,x^2 =8.911,P =0.003),but gender was excluded as a risk factor for ACL injury with regression analysis (odds ratio =1.476,95%confidence interval [CI]:0.689-3.160,P =0.317). The injured group was found to have a smaller notch width index (95%CI =7.960E-23-2.154E-9,P <0.001),a larger β angle (95% CI =1.311-1.785,P <0.001),and a larger lateral tibial plateau slope (95%CI =1.201-1.683,P <0.001).The cutoff values of notch width index,β angle,and the lateral tibial plateau slope were 0.252,38.5°,and 7.5°,respectively. Conclusions:In this study,a narrow intercondylar notch (intercondylar notch width index <0.252),a larger lateral tibial slope ( >7.5°), and larger β angle ( >38.5°)might be the factors associated with ACL injury.
