Methods allowing passive daytime radiative cooling(PDRC)to be carried out in an energy-efficient and scalable way are potentially important for various disciplines.Here,we report a sustainable strategy for scalable-de...Methods allowing passive daytime radiative cooling(PDRC)to be carried out in an energy-efficient and scalable way are potentially important for various disciplines.Here,we report a sustainable strategy for scalable-designed and color-regulating PDRC coating based on high-crystallinity photonic metamaterial(crystallinity:71.5%;enhanced assembly efficiency:72%),that is derived from the as-prepared 55 wt%solid content poly(methyl methacrylate-butyl acrylate-methacrylic acid)P(MMA-BA-MAA)monodispersed latexes(approaching theoretical limit:59 wt%).Robust meter-scale PDRC coatings are constructed by various industrial modes onto diverse surfaces,addressing bottlenecks like dull appearance,high cost,low efficiency,and hard construction.Notably,the solar reflectance,long-wave infrared emittance,and calculated theoretical cooling power of the designed PDRC coating,respectively,reach~0.94,~0.97,and~95.5 W m^(-2)under solar radiation,which can achieve an average 5.3℃ sub-ambient daytime temperature drop in the summer in Nanjing.The cooling performance,scale preparation,and cost-effectiveness of the PDRC coating have extended into leading position compared with those of state-of-the-art designs.This work provides promising route to reduce carbon emissions and energy consumption for global sustainability.展开更多
Manganese-based Prussian blue analogues(MnFePBAs),renowned for their high redox potential and dual redox-active sites,often fail to fully realize their intrinsic performance in zinc-ion batteries(ZIBs).In this work,th...Manganese-based Prussian blue analogues(MnFePBAs),renowned for their high redox potential and dual redox-active sites,often fail to fully realize their intrinsic performance in zinc-ion batteries(ZIBs).In this work,the underlying causes of the instability of monoclinic K^(+) -containing MnFePBA(KMnFePBA)cathodes in aqueous electrolytes were investigated.To prevent irreversible phase transitions,a lowconcentration,flame-retardant organic electrolyte operable under open-air conditions was developed.Utilizing triethyl phosphate(TEP)as the electrolyte solvent,the KMnFePBA cathode exhibited two distinct redox peaks at approximately 1.83 and 1.70 V,coupled with a high reversible capacity of -130 m A h g^(-1).The TEP electrolyte offers not only flame-retardant and anti-drying properties but also benefits from the inclusion of trace amounts of water,which enhances the redox kinetics.The optimized electrolyte enables Zn||KMnFePBA batteries to operate reversibly without structural degradation,function effectively across a wide temperature range,and suppress Zn dendrite formation by modulating the zinc-ion solvation structure and interfacial environment.This study presents a practical electrolyte engineering strategy for stabilizing monoclinic MnFePBA cathodes while simultaneously extending the lifespan of Zn anodes in ZIBs.展开更多
AIM:To highlight the importance of microRNA(miRNA)-21-5p in directing the phosphatase and tensin homolog(PTEN)gene to control the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin(PI3K/Akt/mTOR)...AIM:To highlight the importance of microRNA(miRNA)-21-5p in directing the phosphatase and tensin homolog(PTEN)gene to control the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin(PI3K/Akt/mTOR)pathway in retinal pigment epithelial(RPE)cells in humans subjected to photodamage.METHODS:Human adult RPE cell line-19(ARPE-19)was cultured in vitro and randomly divided into control,damage,overexpression,negative,and PI3K/Akt blocker groups to establish a photodamage model of ARPE-19 cells.The models were subjected to 24h of light exposure,after which the corresponding indices were detected.The cell counting kit-8 assay quantified cell viability,while flow cytometry determined apoptosis rates.The miRNA-21 mimics and miRNA mimic NC were transfected into ARPE-19 cells using a transient transfection technique.Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(SYBR Green)and Western blotting analyzed expression levels of miRNA-21-5p,PTEN,p-PI3K/PI3K,p-mTOR/mTOR,and p-Akt/Akt.Statistical analyses comprised one-way analysis of variance and the Student-Newman-Keuls test for multiple group comparisons.RESULTS:The photodamage group demonstrated reduced cell survival rates than the control group(P<0.01).The overexpression group exhibited higher cell survival rates than the injury group(P<0.01).The negative group showed no difference in viability(P>0.05).The PI3K/Akt blocker group demonstrated lower cell viability,compared with the overexpression group(P<0.01).CONCLUSION:miRNA-21-5p significantly increases ARPE-19 cell survival after photodamage and inhibits lightinduced ARPE-19 cell apoptosis,suggesting that it may play a protective role in RPE by activating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway while downregulating PTEN expression.展开更多
In fulfillment of the national science-and-technology development agenda, the Department of Chemical Sciences of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) convened the Strategic Symposium on the Fifteent...In fulfillment of the national science-and-technology development agenda, the Department of Chemical Sciences of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) convened the Strategic Symposium on the Fifteenth FiveYear (20262030) Development Plan for Electrochemistry held in Xiamen on 29 August, 2025-the culminating year of the Fourteenth Five-Year (2021-2025) Development Plan. More than forty leading experts in the field of electrochemistry participated with spanning nine thematic fronts: Interfacial Electrocatalysis, Interfacial Electrochemistry for Energy Storage, Bioelectrochemistry, Electrochemistry of Hydrogen Energy, Electrochemical Micro-/Nano-Manufacturing, Operando Electrochemical Characterization, Electro-Thermal Coupling Catalysis, Theoretical and Computational Electrochemistry,and Electrochemical Synthesis. The forum assembled China's foremost electrochemical expertise to blueprint high-quality disciplinary growth for the coming five-year period, thereby serving overarching national strategic needs and sharpening the international competitiveness of Chinese electrochemistry.This paper is presented to highlight the strategic needs and priority areas for the next five years (2026-2030) based on this symposium. The development status of basic research and applied basic research in China's electrochemistry field is systematically reviewed. The in-depth analyses of the existing problems and key challenges in the research and development of electrochemistry related fields are outlined, and the frontier research areas and development trends in the next 5-10 years by integrating national major strategic needs are discussed, which will further promote the academic community to reach a clearer consensus. The proposed strategic roadmap is intended to accelerate a sharpened community consensus, propel the discipline toward high-quality advancement, and furnish a critical reference for building China into a world-leading science and technology power.展开更多
Efficient and stable electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction(OER)in acidic environment is vital for polymer electrolyte membrane water electrolysis(PEMWE).In this work,we have devised the formation of heterostru...Efficient and stable electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction(OER)in acidic environment is vital for polymer electrolyte membrane water electrolysis(PEMWE).In this work,we have devised the formation of heterostructured RuO_(2)/MnO_(2)with nanoflower structure for acidic OER catalysis.Compared to commercial RuO_(2),the overpotential at 50mA/cm^(2)is decreased by 36 mV,corresponding to a 3.7-fold better mass activity.The boosted acidic OER performance is attributed to the heterostructure inducing more electrons are filled in e_(g)orbital of Ru atom triggering a better deprotonation of bridge oxygen atom in Ru-O_(bri)-Mn structure evidenced by pH-independent cyclic voltammetry test.Moreover,RuO_(2)/MnO_(2)sustains its acidic OER activity within 20 h,longer than commercial RuO_(2).The membrane electrode assembly(MEA)test suggests than only 2.18 V is required to achieve a current density of 5 A/cm^(2).The theoretical calculation reveals that the e_(g)filling of Ru atom is increased from 2.18 to 2.39 after MnO_(2)incorporation,reducing the energy for the formation of ∗OOH moiety.展开更多
Commercial N52 sintered NdFeB magnets were processed by grain boundary diffusion(GBD)with Dy-Co-M(M=Cu,AI)alloys.The coercivity of magnets greatly increase to 17.62 and 18.83 kOe respectively when diffusing Dy_(58)Co_...Commercial N52 sintered NdFeB magnets were processed by grain boundary diffusion(GBD)with Dy-Co-M(M=Cu,AI)alloys.The coercivity of magnets greatly increase to 17.62 and 18.83 kOe respectively when diffusing Dy_(58)Co_(25)Cu_(17)and Dy_(58)Co_(25)Al_(17)alloys,which are obviously higher than that of Dy58Co42GBD-treated magnet with 16.64 kOe,Further thermal stability studies indicate that the thermal stability of Dy_(58)Co_(25)Cu_(17)and Dy_(58)Co_(25)Al_(17)GBD-treated magnets is further improved compared to the Dy58Co42GBD-treated magnet The results show that th e temperature coefficients of remanence(20-120℃)are reduced from-0.148%/℃to-0.134%/℃and-0.132%/℃by Dy_(58)Co_(25)Cu_(17)and Dy_(58)Co_(25)Al_(17)GBD-treatment,respectively.Besides,the irreversible magnetic flux losses(120℃)for Dy_(58)Co_(25)Cu_(17)and Dy_(58)Co_(25)Al_(17)diffusion magnets are 4.76%and 2.79%,respectively.Microstructural analyses demonstrate that the presence of Cu and Al elements reduces the excessive accumulation of Dy and Co on the surface in the diffusion magnets an d improves the diffusion depth and utilization of Dy and Co.Furthermore,the flow of Co from the triple junction phase to the thin grain boundary phase is promoted,which contributes to the uniform distribution of Co.In addition,the dynamic evolution of the magnetic domain structure during the temperature rise process was studied.This work provides insight into the preparation of high-performance and high-thermal stability magnets.展开更多
BACKGROUND Liver hepatocellular carcinoma(LIHC)is a highly aggressive cancer with poor prognosis due to its complex tumor microenvironment(TME)and immune evasion.Regulatory T cells(Tregs)play a critical role in tumor ...BACKGROUND Liver hepatocellular carcinoma(LIHC)is a highly aggressive cancer with poor prognosis due to its complex tumor microenvironment(TME)and immune evasion.Regulatory T cells(Tregs)play a critical role in tumor progression.Suppressor of cytokine signaling 2(SOCS2),a key immune regulator,may modulate Treg activity and impact LIHC growth and metastasis.AIM To explore how the SOCS2 affects Treg activity in LIHC and its impact on tumor growth and metastasis.METHODS LIHC transcriptome data from The Cancer Genome Atlas database were analyzed using Gene Set Enrichment Analysis,Estimation of Stromal and Immune Cells in Malignant Tumors Using Expression Data,and Cell-Type Identification by Estimating Relative Subsets of RNA Transcripts to evaluate immune pathways and Treg infiltration.Key prognostic genes were identified using Weighted Gene Coexpression Network Analysis and machine learning.In vitro,co-culture experiments,migration assays,apoptosis detection,and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were conducted.In vivo,tumor growth,metastasis,and apoptosis were assessed using subcutaneous and lung metastasis mouse models with hematoxylin and eosin staining,Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase dUTP Nick End Labeling,and immunohistochemistry analyses.RESULTS SOCS2 overexpression inhibited Treg cell activity,reducing LIHC cell migration and invasion while increasing apoptosis.In vivo,SOCS2 suppressed tumor growth and metastasis,confirming its therapeutic potential.CONCLUSION SOCS2 modulates CD4+T function in the TME,contributing to LIHC progression.Targeting SOCS2 presents a potential therapeutic strategy for treating LIHC.展开更多
Fetal skeletal dysplasia(FSD)encompasses diverse clinical features and complicates prenatal diagnosis and perinatal care.In this retrospective study,we integrate prenatal deep phenotyping with exome or genome sequenci...Fetal skeletal dysplasia(FSD)encompasses diverse clinical features and complicates prenatal diagnosis and perinatal care.In this retrospective study,we integrate prenatal deep phenotyping with exome or genome sequencing(ES/GS)to elucidate comprehensive genotype and phenotype landscapes,diagnostic outcomes,genotype-phenotype correlations,and postnatal follow-up findings and to refine genetic counseling and clinical decision-making.The study includes a cohort of 152 fetuses with FSD in China.All fetuses undergo prenatal deep phenotyping followed by ES/GS analysis.Prenatal deep phenotyping enables classification into isolated and non-isolated FSD groups and identifies previously unrecognized prenatal features associated with KBG syndrome and Segawa syndrome.Among skeletal anomalies,limb bone anomalies are the most common(72.4%).Genetic testing yields positive diagnoses in 88 fetuses(57.9%).Notably,fetuses with cranial and limb bone abnormalities demonstrate a higher diagnostic yield.Comparative analysis of prenatal and postnatal genotypes and phenotypes in individuals harboring pathogenic variants in four hotspot genes provides a deeper understanding of skeletal dysplasia phenotypes.Genetic findings from this cohort directly inform reproductive decisions in 16 subsequent pregnancies.Our findings significantly enhance genotype-phenotype correlations and contribute to improved prenatal counseling,informed clinical decision-making,and optimized perinatal care,and advance precision medicine strategies for FSD-affected families.展开更多
Optimizing root system architecture(RSA)is essential for plants because of its critical role in acquiring water and nutrients from the soil.However,the subterranean nature of roots complicates the measurement of RSA t...Optimizing root system architecture(RSA)is essential for plants because of its critical role in acquiring water and nutrients from the soil.However,the subterranean nature of roots complicates the measurement of RSA traits.Recently developed rhizobox methods allow for the rapid acquisition of root images.Nevertheless,effective and precise approaches for extracting RSA features from these images remain underdeveloped.Deep learning(DL)technology can enhance image segmentation and facilitate RSA trait extraction.However,comprehensive pipelines that integrate DL technologies into image-based root phenotyping techniques are still scarce,hampering their implementation.To address this challenge,we present a reproducible pipeline(faCRSA)for automated RSA traits analysis,consisting of three modules:(1)the RSA traits extraction module functions to segment soil-root images and calculate RSA traits.A lightweight convolutional neural network(CNN)named RootSeg was proposed for efficient and accurate segmentation;(2)the data storage module,which stores image and text data from other modules;and(3)the web application module,which allows researchers to analyze data online in a user-friendly manner.The correlation coefficients(R^(2))of total root length,root surface area,and root volume calculated from faCRSA and manually measured results were 0.96**,0.97**,and 0.93**,respectively,with root mean square errors(RMSE)of 8.13 cm,1.68 cm^(2),and 0.05 cm^(3),processed at a rate of 9.74 s per image,indicating satisfying accuracy.faCRSA has also demonstrated satisfactory performance in dynamically monitoring root system changes under various stress conditions,such as drought or waterlogging.The detailed code and deployable package of faCRSA are provided for researchers with the potential to replace manual and semi-automated methods.展开更多
The commercialization of polymer electrolyte membrane water splitting technology significantly depends on the oxygen/hydrogen evolution reaction(OER/HER)electrocatalysts;customarily catalyzed by platinum(Pt)and ruthen...The commercialization of polymer electrolyte membrane water splitting technology significantly depends on the oxygen/hydrogen evolution reaction(OER/HER)electrocatalysts;customarily catalyzed by platinum(Pt)and ruthenium/iridium oxides(RuO_(2)/IrO_(2)).In this work,we have devised a novel strategy to improve the catalytic activities towards OER and HER catalysis via the decoration of RuO_(2)with Pt.Pt dopants in ruthenium oxides(Pt-RuO_(2))create more oxygen vacancies inducing a weaker interaction between active site and oxygen reaction intermediates,evidenced by downshifted d band center and increment in e_(g)orbital filling of Ru atom;thereby,the acidic OER performance of Pt-RuO_(2)is enhanced by 3.5-fold than commercial RuO_(2)by mean of turnover frequency at 1.6 V vs.RHE.Moreover,Pt-RuO_(2)exhibits a similar HER performance to commercial Pt/C.The potential for overall water splitting is decreased by 0.18 V at100 mA/cm^(2);besides,an excellent stability is also recorded after the incorporation of Pt dopants.TheΔ_(ε_(d-p))value of Pt-RuO_(2)was 1.76 e V,which is lower than the counterpart of RuO_(2),suggesting easy electron transition between d and p orbitals,suppressing the over-oxidation of RuO_(2);thereby,a higher stability is achieved for Pt-RuO_(2).The invitation of Pt dopants to boost catalytic activity and stability has also been extended to IrO_(2).展开更多
BACKGROUND High levels of acetaminophen(APAP)consumption can result in significant liver toxicity.Mogroside V(MV)is a bioactive,plant-derived triterpenoid known for its various pharmacological activities.However,the i...BACKGROUND High levels of acetaminophen(APAP)consumption can result in significant liver toxicity.Mogroside V(MV)is a bioactive,plant-derived triterpenoid known for its various pharmacological activities.However,the impact of MV on acute liver injury(ALI)is unknown.AIM To investigate the hepatoprotective potential of MV against liver damage caused by APAP and to examine the underlying mechanisms.METHODS Mice were divided into three groups:Saline,APAP and APAP+MV.MV(10 mg/kg)was given intraperitoneally one hour before APAP(300 mg/kg)administration.Twenty-four hours after APAP exposure,serum transaminase levels,liver necrotic area,inflammatory responses,nitrotyrosine accumulation,and c-jun-N-terminal kinase(JNK)activation were assessed.Additionally,we analyzed reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels,JNK activation,and cell death in alpha mouse liver 12(AML12)cells.RESULTS MV pre-treatment in vivo led to a reduction in the rise of aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase levels,mitigated liver damage,decreased nitrotyrosine accumulation,and blocked JNK phosphorylation resulting from APAP exposure,without affecting glutathione production.Similarly,MV diminished the APAP-induced increase in ROS,JNK phosphorylation,and cell death in vitro.CONCLUSION Our study suggests that MV treatment alleviates APAP-induced ALI by reducing ROS and JNK activation.展开更多
Immunotherapy offers significant potential but is often hampered by the immunosuppressive environment in oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC).To address this,we propose an enhanced immunotherapeutic strategy that revita...Immunotherapy offers significant potential but is often hampered by the immunosuppressive environment in oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC).To address this,we propose an enhanced immunotherapeutic strategy that revitalizes the tumor immune microenvironment(TIME)in OSCC by integrating upconversion-based photodynamic therapy(PDT)with chemotherapy.Using a red blood cell membraneinspired biomimetic nanoplatform,our approach concurrently delivers chlorin e6@upconversion nanoparticles(Ce6@UCNP)and doxorubicin(DOX).By leveraging fluorescence resonance energy transfer(FRET)for 980 nm to 660 nm upconversion excitation,we address challenges such as limited tissue penetration and tissue damage,as well as nanoplatform issues including immunogenicity and targeting inaccuracy Our integrated approach enhances PDT and chemotherapy with the goal of transforming immunologically“cold”tumors into“hot”ones through a cascaded therapy,thereby revitalizing the tumor immune microenvironment in OSCC.展开更多
The Late Yanshanian granite belt in the Yidun Island Arc of western Sichuan constitutes a critical rare metal metallogenic zone along the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau,yet its deep-seated resource distribution...The Late Yanshanian granite belt in the Yidun Island Arc of western Sichuan constitutes a critical rare metal metallogenic zone along the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau,yet its deep-seated resource distribution has remained poorly understood.Focusing on the northern contact zone of Hagala rock mass,this study innovatively integrates geological mapping,high-power induced polarization(IP)sounding(AB/2=1500m,MN=20m),and 3D modeling to systematically constrain the spatial architecture and resource potential of deep-seated ore bodies.Key findings include:(1)Surface discovery of 12 NW-trending pegmatitetype Nb-Ta-Li-Be veins,with the No.3 principal vein exhibiting maximum dimensions(850m length×5-15m width)and average grades of 0.031%Ta_(2)O_(5)and 0.017%Nb_(2)O_(5)-significantly exceeding industrial thresholds(0.012%),while Li_(2)O(0.55%)and Rb_(2)O(0.24%)reach cutoff grades;(2)IP sounding reveals spatial correlation between deep high-resistivity anomalies(4,684Ω·m)and low polarization rates(1.28%),with 3D inversion demonstrating NE-dipping extensions exceeding 800m depth,establishing a geometrically constrained mineralization model of 2.28 million m^(3)volume;(3)Resource estimates for the No.3 vein yield 35,000 tonnes Li_(2)O and 15,000 tonnes Rb_(2)O,with 1,981 tonnes Ta_(2)O_(5)and 1,086 tonnes Nb_(2)O_(5)metal content,confirming large-scale rare metal deposit potential.The developed geology-geophysics collaborative exploration framework establishes a paradigm for rare metal prospecting in collisional orogenic belts.展开更多
A smartphone warning system is a feasible option to notify motorists about a safety threat and/or pedestrian crossings ahead. In this paper, a smartphone-based warning system was proposed to enhance workers’ safety i...A smartphone warning system is a feasible option to notify motorists about a safety threat and/or pedestrian crossings ahead. In this paper, a smartphone-based warning system was proposed to enhance workers’ safety in work zones. Three different warning message systems, including sound, male voice and female voice, were designed to alert drivers. Twenty-four subjects were recruited for a total of ninety-six rounds driving simulator test in a work zone to investigate the impacts of smartphone-based warning messages on subjects’ driving performance, in terms of driving speed, speed variation, acceleration, and brake reaction distance. The outcome showed that, with the assistance of the sound and voice (either female or male) warning messages, drivers could effectively reduce their accelerations and speeds. Meanwhile, such a warning system can induce subjects to shorten their brake reaction distances for worker crossings. All participants found that this warning system is applicable to enhance their defensive driving behaviors while driving through a work zone.展开更多
The continuous combustion of unsustainable carbon-based fossil fuels has dramatically accelerated the increase in carbon dioxide(CO_(2))concentration in the atmosphere(from approximately278.3 ppm in 1750 to 417.9 ppm ...The continuous combustion of unsustainable carbon-based fossil fuels has dramatically accelerated the increase in carbon dioxide(CO_(2))concentration in the atmosphere(from approximately278.3 ppm in 1750 to 417.9 ppm in 2023),which would exacerbate environmental problems such as greenhouse effect[1].The effective electrosynthesis of high value-added multi-carbon(C_(2+))chemicals(e.g.,ethanol,ethylene)from CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)is a promising strategy to mitigate these environmental issues mentioned above but remains highly challenging due to the competition of hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and low selectivity of target products.展开更多
Objective:To observe and explore the effectiveness and safety of continuous blood purification intervention in the clinical treatment of patients with severe sepsis in the Intensive Care Unit(ICU).Methods:Medical reco...Objective:To observe and explore the effectiveness and safety of continuous blood purification intervention in the clinical treatment of patients with severe sepsis in the Intensive Care Unit(ICU).Methods:Medical records were collected from March 2024 to March 2025,including a total of 54 patients with severe sepsis in the ICU.The patients were divided into two groups using a random number table method:the conventional group(27 patients receiving conventional treatment)and the observation group(27 patients receiving continuous blood purification in addition to conventional treatment).C-reactive protein,arterial lactate,mean arterial pressure,respiration,and heart rate were measured.The Sequential Organ Failure Assessment(SOFA)score was compared,and adverse reactions were observed.Results:The observation group had lower levels of C-reactive protein,arterial lactate,respiration,heart rate,and total SOFA score compared to the conventional group,while the mean arterial pressure was higher(P<0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions during treatment was lower in the observation group than in the conventional group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The use of continuous blood purification in the clinical treatment of patients with severe sepsis in the ICU is effective.It can alleviate the disease,improve vital signs,reduce inflammatory damage,and reduce adverse reactions.展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to establish a detection method for the simultaneous determination of 18 perfluorinated compounds(PFCs)in milk tea by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spect...[Objectives]This study was conducted to establish a detection method for the simultaneous determination of 18 perfluorinated compounds(PFCs)in milk tea by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UHPLC-MS/MS).[Methods]The samples were first subjected to precipitation of proteins by potassium ferrocyanide solution and zinc acetate solution,and then extracted by acetonitrile and detected by LC-MS/MS.Next,sodium chloride was added,and after vortex centrifugation,the acetonitrile layer was dried by blowing with nitrogen.Subsequently,1 ml of methanol was added to prepare a test solution.An ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18(2.6 m,2.1 mm×100 mm)chromatographic column was used for liquid phase separation,and gradient elution was performed using 10 mmol ammonium acetate solution-acetonitrile as the mobile phase.The MS detection adopted the MRM mode for acquisition,positive and negative ion mode switching for simultaneous determination,and external standard method for quantification.[Results]In the linear ranges of the target substances,the correlation coefficients R^(2)were all greater than 0.99.The detection limits of the method was in the range of 0.001-0.05μg/kg,and the quantitation limits were in the range of 0.03-0.20 ng/L.The recovery values ranged from 72.8%to 110.5%.[Conclusions]This method has high sensitivity and good accuracy,and thus strong practical value.展开更多
AIM： To find new biomarkers for uveal melanoma （UM） by analyzing the serum peptidome profile. METHODS： Proteomic spectra in patients with UM before and after operation were analyzed and compared with those of hea...AIM： To find new biomarkers for uveal melanoma （UM） by analyzing the serum peptidome profile. METHODS： Proteomic spectra in patients with UM before and after operation were analyzed and compared with those of healthy controls. Magnetic affinity beads were used to capture serum peptides and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight （MALDI-TOF） mass spectrometer were used to compile serum peptide profiles. RESULTS： A panel of 49 peptides were differentially expressed between UM patients and controls, of which 33 peptides were of higher intensities in patient group and 16 peptides were of higher intensities in control group. Based on combined use of these potential markers, peptides with mean molecular masses of 1467 and 9289.0 Da provide high sensitivity （83.3%）, specificity （100%） and accuracy rate （93.0%） together to differentiate melanoma patients from healthy controls. At the time point of 6mo postoperatively, the levels of many peptides differentially expressed before surgery showed no more statistical difference between the patients and the control group. Fibrinogen o-chain precursors were identified as potential UM markers. CONCLUSION： We have shown that a convenient and fast proteomic technique, affinity bead separation and MALDI- TOF analysis combined with bioinformatic software, facilitates the identification of novel biomarkers for UM.展开更多
Field observations illustrated that, right-turn vehicles stopped at various positions when proceeding within the right-turn lanes, while some of them trespassed on the crosswalks with multiple stops. In this case, ped...Field observations illustrated that, right-turn vehicles stopped at various positions when proceeding within the right-turn lanes, while some of them trespassed on the crosswalks with multiple stops. In this case, pedestrians and bikes (ped/bike) are encountered unsmooth and hazardous crossings when right-turn vehicles encroaching their lanes. Meanwhile, this also causes conflicts between right-turn and through vehicles at the crossing street. To better protect ped/bike at crossings with right-turn vehicles, this paper proposes a concept of “right-turn vehicle box” (RTVB) as a supplemental treatment within right-turn lanes. Sight distance, geometric conditions, and behaviors of vehicles and ped/bike are key factors to consider so as to set up the criteria and to design the suitable treatment. A case study was conducted at an intersection pair in Houston, USA to shape the idea of RTVB, together with driving simulator tests under relevant scenarios. The preliminary crosscheck examination shows that the right-turn vehicle box could possibly provide ped/ bike with smoother and safer crossings. In the interim, the safety and efficiency of right-turn operations were also improved. To further validate the effects, implementation studies should be conducted before the RTVB can make its debut in practice. Future works will focus on the complete warrants and design details of this treatment. Moreover, the concept of “vehicle box” could also be transplanted to other places where turning movement(s) needs assistance or improvements.展开更多
The phenomenon of car-following is special in traffic operations. Traditional car-following models can well describe the reactions of the movements between two concessive vehicles in the same lane within a certain dis...The phenomenon of car-following is special in traffic operations. Traditional car-following models can well describe the reactions of the movements between two concessive vehicles in the same lane within a certain distance. With the invention of connected vehicle technologies, more and more advisory messages are in development and applied in our daily lives, some of which are related to the measures and warnings of speed and headway distance between the two concessive vehicles. Such warnings may change the conventional car-following mechanisms. This paper intends to consider the possible impacts of in-vehicle warning messages to improve the traditional car-following models, including the General Motor (GM) Model and the Linear (Helly) Model, by calibrating model parameters using field data from an arterial road in Houston, Texas, U.S.A. The safety messages were provided by a tablet/smartphone application. One exponent was applied to the GM model, while another one applied to the Linear (Helly) model, both were on the stimuli term “difference in velocity between two concessive vehicles”. The calibration and validation were separately conducted for deceleration and acceleration conditions. Results showed that, the parameters of the traditional GM model failed to be properly calibrated with the interference of in-vehicle safety messages, and the parameters calibrated from the traditional Linear (Helly) Model with no in-vehicle messages could not be directly used in the case with such messages. However, both updated models can be well calibrated even if those messages were provided. The entire research process, as well as the calibrated models and parameters could be a reference in the on-going connected vehicle program and micro/macroscopic traffic simulations.展开更多
基金support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant 22508184 to X.Q.Y.,grant 21736006 to S.C.,and grant 22278225 to S.C.)supported by the Natural Funding Program of Jiangsu Province(grant BK20250610 to X.Q.Y.).
文摘Methods allowing passive daytime radiative cooling(PDRC)to be carried out in an energy-efficient and scalable way are potentially important for various disciplines.Here,we report a sustainable strategy for scalable-designed and color-regulating PDRC coating based on high-crystallinity photonic metamaterial(crystallinity:71.5%;enhanced assembly efficiency:72%),that is derived from the as-prepared 55 wt%solid content poly(methyl methacrylate-butyl acrylate-methacrylic acid)P(MMA-BA-MAA)monodispersed latexes(approaching theoretical limit:59 wt%).Robust meter-scale PDRC coatings are constructed by various industrial modes onto diverse surfaces,addressing bottlenecks like dull appearance,high cost,low efficiency,and hard construction.Notably,the solar reflectance,long-wave infrared emittance,and calculated theoretical cooling power of the designed PDRC coating,respectively,reach~0.94,~0.97,and~95.5 W m^(-2)under solar radiation,which can achieve an average 5.3℃ sub-ambient daytime temperature drop in the summer in Nanjing.The cooling performance,scale preparation,and cost-effectiveness of the PDRC coating have extended into leading position compared with those of state-of-the-art designs.This work provides promising route to reduce carbon emissions and energy consumption for global sustainability.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22409002,62371003)the Open Research Fund of Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory(2023SLABFN18)+1 种基金Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation(2308085QB46)Scientific Research Foundation of Education Department of Anhui Province of China(2023AH051109,2022AH010025)。
文摘Manganese-based Prussian blue analogues(MnFePBAs),renowned for their high redox potential and dual redox-active sites,often fail to fully realize their intrinsic performance in zinc-ion batteries(ZIBs).In this work,the underlying causes of the instability of monoclinic K^(+) -containing MnFePBA(KMnFePBA)cathodes in aqueous electrolytes were investigated.To prevent irreversible phase transitions,a lowconcentration,flame-retardant organic electrolyte operable under open-air conditions was developed.Utilizing triethyl phosphate(TEP)as the electrolyte solvent,the KMnFePBA cathode exhibited two distinct redox peaks at approximately 1.83 and 1.70 V,coupled with a high reversible capacity of -130 m A h g^(-1).The TEP electrolyte offers not only flame-retardant and anti-drying properties but also benefits from the inclusion of trace amounts of water,which enhances the redox kinetics.The optimized electrolyte enables Zn||KMnFePBA batteries to operate reversibly without structural degradation,function effectively across a wide temperature range,and suppress Zn dendrite formation by modulating the zinc-ion solvation structure and interfacial environment.This study presents a practical electrolyte engineering strategy for stabilizing monoclinic MnFePBA cathodes while simultaneously extending the lifespan of Zn anodes in ZIBs.
文摘AIM:To highlight the importance of microRNA(miRNA)-21-5p in directing the phosphatase and tensin homolog(PTEN)gene to control the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin(PI3K/Akt/mTOR)pathway in retinal pigment epithelial(RPE)cells in humans subjected to photodamage.METHODS:Human adult RPE cell line-19(ARPE-19)was cultured in vitro and randomly divided into control,damage,overexpression,negative,and PI3K/Akt blocker groups to establish a photodamage model of ARPE-19 cells.The models were subjected to 24h of light exposure,after which the corresponding indices were detected.The cell counting kit-8 assay quantified cell viability,while flow cytometry determined apoptosis rates.The miRNA-21 mimics and miRNA mimic NC were transfected into ARPE-19 cells using a transient transfection technique.Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(SYBR Green)and Western blotting analyzed expression levels of miRNA-21-5p,PTEN,p-PI3K/PI3K,p-mTOR/mTOR,and p-Akt/Akt.Statistical analyses comprised one-way analysis of variance and the Student-Newman-Keuls test for multiple group comparisons.RESULTS:The photodamage group demonstrated reduced cell survival rates than the control group(P<0.01).The overexpression group exhibited higher cell survival rates than the injury group(P<0.01).The negative group showed no difference in viability(P>0.05).The PI3K/Akt blocker group demonstrated lower cell viability,compared with the overexpression group(P<0.01).CONCLUSION:miRNA-21-5p significantly increases ARPE-19 cell survival after photodamage and inhibits lightinduced ARPE-19 cell apoptosis,suggesting that it may play a protective role in RPE by activating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway while downregulating PTEN expression.
文摘In fulfillment of the national science-and-technology development agenda, the Department of Chemical Sciences of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) convened the Strategic Symposium on the Fifteenth FiveYear (20262030) Development Plan for Electrochemistry held in Xiamen on 29 August, 2025-the culminating year of the Fourteenth Five-Year (2021-2025) Development Plan. More than forty leading experts in the field of electrochemistry participated with spanning nine thematic fronts: Interfacial Electrocatalysis, Interfacial Electrochemistry for Energy Storage, Bioelectrochemistry, Electrochemistry of Hydrogen Energy, Electrochemical Micro-/Nano-Manufacturing, Operando Electrochemical Characterization, Electro-Thermal Coupling Catalysis, Theoretical and Computational Electrochemistry,and Electrochemical Synthesis. The forum assembled China's foremost electrochemical expertise to blueprint high-quality disciplinary growth for the coming five-year period, thereby serving overarching national strategic needs and sharpening the international competitiveness of Chinese electrochemistry.This paper is presented to highlight the strategic needs and priority areas for the next five years (2026-2030) based on this symposium. The development status of basic research and applied basic research in China's electrochemistry field is systematically reviewed. The in-depth analyses of the existing problems and key challenges in the research and development of electrochemistry related fields are outlined, and the frontier research areas and development trends in the next 5-10 years by integrating national major strategic needs are discussed, which will further promote the academic community to reach a clearer consensus. The proposed strategic roadmap is intended to accelerate a sharpened community consensus, propel the discipline toward high-quality advancement, and furnish a critical reference for building China into a world-leading science and technology power.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22209126).
文摘Efficient and stable electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction(OER)in acidic environment is vital for polymer electrolyte membrane water electrolysis(PEMWE).In this work,we have devised the formation of heterostructured RuO_(2)/MnO_(2)with nanoflower structure for acidic OER catalysis.Compared to commercial RuO_(2),the overpotential at 50mA/cm^(2)is decreased by 36 mV,corresponding to a 3.7-fold better mass activity.The boosted acidic OER performance is attributed to the heterostructure inducing more electrons are filled in e_(g)orbital of Ru atom triggering a better deprotonation of bridge oxygen atom in Ru-O_(bri)-Mn structure evidenced by pH-independent cyclic voltammetry test.Moreover,RuO_(2)/MnO_(2)sustains its acidic OER activity within 20 h,longer than commercial RuO_(2).The membrane electrode assembly(MEA)test suggests than only 2.18 V is required to achieve a current density of 5 A/cm^(2).The theoretical calculation reveals that the e_(g)filling of Ru atom is increased from 2.18 to 2.39 after MnO_(2)incorporation,reducing the energy for the formation of ∗OOH moiety.
基金Project supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFB3505003,2021YFB3502802)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(LQ23E010001)+3 种基金"Pioneer"and"Leading Goose"R&D program of Zhejiang(2022C01020)Key Research and Development Program of Ningbo City(2023Z093)Kunpeng Plan of Zhejiang ProvinceNingbo Top Talent Program。
文摘Commercial N52 sintered NdFeB magnets were processed by grain boundary diffusion(GBD)with Dy-Co-M(M=Cu,AI)alloys.The coercivity of magnets greatly increase to 17.62 and 18.83 kOe respectively when diffusing Dy_(58)Co_(25)Cu_(17)and Dy_(58)Co_(25)Al_(17)alloys,which are obviously higher than that of Dy58Co42GBD-treated magnet with 16.64 kOe,Further thermal stability studies indicate that the thermal stability of Dy_(58)Co_(25)Cu_(17)and Dy_(58)Co_(25)Al_(17)GBD-treated magnets is further improved compared to the Dy58Co42GBD-treated magnet The results show that th e temperature coefficients of remanence(20-120℃)are reduced from-0.148%/℃to-0.134%/℃and-0.132%/℃by Dy_(58)Co_(25)Cu_(17)and Dy_(58)Co_(25)Al_(17)GBD-treatment,respectively.Besides,the irreversible magnetic flux losses(120℃)for Dy_(58)Co_(25)Cu_(17)and Dy_(58)Co_(25)Al_(17)diffusion magnets are 4.76%and 2.79%,respectively.Microstructural analyses demonstrate that the presence of Cu and Al elements reduces the excessive accumulation of Dy and Co on the surface in the diffusion magnets an d improves the diffusion depth and utilization of Dy and Co.Furthermore,the flow of Co from the triple junction phase to the thin grain boundary phase is promoted,which contributes to the uniform distribution of Co.In addition,the dynamic evolution of the magnetic domain structure during the temperature rise process was studied.This work provides insight into the preparation of high-performance and high-thermal stability magnets.
基金Supported by Wu Jieping Medical Foundation,No.320.6750.2021-06-30Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation,No.2019A1515110120National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82002974。
文摘BACKGROUND Liver hepatocellular carcinoma(LIHC)is a highly aggressive cancer with poor prognosis due to its complex tumor microenvironment(TME)and immune evasion.Regulatory T cells(Tregs)play a critical role in tumor progression.Suppressor of cytokine signaling 2(SOCS2),a key immune regulator,may modulate Treg activity and impact LIHC growth and metastasis.AIM To explore how the SOCS2 affects Treg activity in LIHC and its impact on tumor growth and metastasis.METHODS LIHC transcriptome data from The Cancer Genome Atlas database were analyzed using Gene Set Enrichment Analysis,Estimation of Stromal and Immune Cells in Malignant Tumors Using Expression Data,and Cell-Type Identification by Estimating Relative Subsets of RNA Transcripts to evaluate immune pathways and Treg infiltration.Key prognostic genes were identified using Weighted Gene Coexpression Network Analysis and machine learning.In vitro,co-culture experiments,migration assays,apoptosis detection,and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were conducted.In vivo,tumor growth,metastasis,and apoptosis were assessed using subcutaneous and lung metastasis mouse models with hematoxylin and eosin staining,Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase dUTP Nick End Labeling,and immunohistochemistry analyses.RESULTS SOCS2 overexpression inhibited Treg cell activity,reducing LIHC cell migration and invasion while increasing apoptosis.In vivo,SOCS2 suppressed tumor growth and metastasis,confirming its therapeutic potential.CONCLUSION SOCS2 modulates CD4+T function in the TME,contributing to LIHC progression.Targeting SOCS2 presents a potential therapeutic strategy for treating LIHC.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFC2703100 to S.Z.,2024YFC2707100 for Q.Q.,2022YFC2703901 to Z.W.,2022YFC2703102 to N.W.)National Natural Science Foundation of China(82172525 to G.Q.,82172382 to J.Z.)+2 种基金CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(CIFMS,2021-I2M-1-051 to J.Z.and N.W.,2021-I2M-1-052 and 2022-I2M-2-001 to Z.W.,2023-I2M-C&T-A-003 to J.Z.)National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding(2022-PUMCH-D-004 to J.Z.and N.W.,2022-PUMCH-C-033 to N.W.,2022-PUMCH-D-002 to Z.W.)Non-profit Central Research Institute Fund of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(2019PT320025 to N.W.).
文摘Fetal skeletal dysplasia(FSD)encompasses diverse clinical features and complicates prenatal diagnosis and perinatal care.In this retrospective study,we integrate prenatal deep phenotyping with exome or genome sequencing(ES/GS)to elucidate comprehensive genotype and phenotype landscapes,diagnostic outcomes,genotype-phenotype correlations,and postnatal follow-up findings and to refine genetic counseling and clinical decision-making.The study includes a cohort of 152 fetuses with FSD in China.All fetuses undergo prenatal deep phenotyping followed by ES/GS analysis.Prenatal deep phenotyping enables classification into isolated and non-isolated FSD groups and identifies previously unrecognized prenatal features associated with KBG syndrome and Segawa syndrome.Among skeletal anomalies,limb bone anomalies are the most common(72.4%).Genetic testing yields positive diagnoses in 88 fetuses(57.9%).Notably,fetuses with cranial and limb bone abnormalities demonstrate a higher diagnostic yield.Comparative analysis of prenatal and postnatal genotypes and phenotypes in individuals harboring pathogenic variants in four hotspot genes provides a deeper understanding of skeletal dysplasia phenotypes.Genetic findings from this cohort directly inform reproductive decisions in 16 subsequent pregnancies.Our findings significantly enhance genotype-phenotype correlations and contribute to improved prenatal counseling,informed clinical decision-making,and optimized perinatal care,and advance precision medicine strategies for FSD-affected families.
基金supported by the projects of the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2024YFD2301305)Jiangsu Innovation Support Program for International Science and Technology Cooperation Project(BZ2023049)+2 种基金the projects of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32272213)the China Agriculture Research System(CARS-03)Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production(JCIC-MCP).
文摘Optimizing root system architecture(RSA)is essential for plants because of its critical role in acquiring water and nutrients from the soil.However,the subterranean nature of roots complicates the measurement of RSA traits.Recently developed rhizobox methods allow for the rapid acquisition of root images.Nevertheless,effective and precise approaches for extracting RSA features from these images remain underdeveloped.Deep learning(DL)technology can enhance image segmentation and facilitate RSA trait extraction.However,comprehensive pipelines that integrate DL technologies into image-based root phenotyping techniques are still scarce,hampering their implementation.To address this challenge,we present a reproducible pipeline(faCRSA)for automated RSA traits analysis,consisting of three modules:(1)the RSA traits extraction module functions to segment soil-root images and calculate RSA traits.A lightweight convolutional neural network(CNN)named RootSeg was proposed for efficient and accurate segmentation;(2)the data storage module,which stores image and text data from other modules;and(3)the web application module,which allows researchers to analyze data online in a user-friendly manner.The correlation coefficients(R^(2))of total root length,root surface area,and root volume calculated from faCRSA and manually measured results were 0.96**,0.97**,and 0.93**,respectively,with root mean square errors(RMSE)of 8.13 cm,1.68 cm^(2),and 0.05 cm^(3),processed at a rate of 9.74 s per image,indicating satisfying accuracy.faCRSA has also demonstrated satisfactory performance in dynamically monitoring root system changes under various stress conditions,such as drought or waterlogging.The detailed code and deployable package of faCRSA are provided for researchers with the potential to replace manual and semi-automated methods.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22209126)the Opening Project of Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices,Ministry of Education,Jianghan University(No.JDGD-202314)。
文摘The commercialization of polymer electrolyte membrane water splitting technology significantly depends on the oxygen/hydrogen evolution reaction(OER/HER)electrocatalysts;customarily catalyzed by platinum(Pt)and ruthenium/iridium oxides(RuO_(2)/IrO_(2)).In this work,we have devised a novel strategy to improve the catalytic activities towards OER and HER catalysis via the decoration of RuO_(2)with Pt.Pt dopants in ruthenium oxides(Pt-RuO_(2))create more oxygen vacancies inducing a weaker interaction between active site and oxygen reaction intermediates,evidenced by downshifted d band center and increment in e_(g)orbital filling of Ru atom;thereby,the acidic OER performance of Pt-RuO_(2)is enhanced by 3.5-fold than commercial RuO_(2)by mean of turnover frequency at 1.6 V vs.RHE.Moreover,Pt-RuO_(2)exhibits a similar HER performance to commercial Pt/C.The potential for overall water splitting is decreased by 0.18 V at100 mA/cm^(2);besides,an excellent stability is also recorded after the incorporation of Pt dopants.TheΔ_(ε_(d-p))value of Pt-RuO_(2)was 1.76 e V,which is lower than the counterpart of RuO_(2),suggesting easy electron transition between d and p orbitals,suppressing the over-oxidation of RuO_(2);thereby,a higher stability is achieved for Pt-RuO_(2).The invitation of Pt dopants to boost catalytic activity and stability has also been extended to IrO_(2).
基金Supported by Guangxi Natural Science Foundation of China,No.2024GXNSFAA010040Special Fund of the Central Government Guiding Local Scientific and Technological Development by Guangxi Science and Technology Department,No.GuikeZY21195024National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82260499 and No.82460463.
文摘BACKGROUND High levels of acetaminophen(APAP)consumption can result in significant liver toxicity.Mogroside V(MV)is a bioactive,plant-derived triterpenoid known for its various pharmacological activities.However,the impact of MV on acute liver injury(ALI)is unknown.AIM To investigate the hepatoprotective potential of MV against liver damage caused by APAP and to examine the underlying mechanisms.METHODS Mice were divided into three groups:Saline,APAP and APAP+MV.MV(10 mg/kg)was given intraperitoneally one hour before APAP(300 mg/kg)administration.Twenty-four hours after APAP exposure,serum transaminase levels,liver necrotic area,inflammatory responses,nitrotyrosine accumulation,and c-jun-N-terminal kinase(JNK)activation were assessed.Additionally,we analyzed reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels,JNK activation,and cell death in alpha mouse liver 12(AML12)cells.RESULTS MV pre-treatment in vivo led to a reduction in the rise of aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase levels,mitigated liver damage,decreased nitrotyrosine accumulation,and blocked JNK phosphorylation resulting from APAP exposure,without affecting glutathione production.Similarly,MV diminished the APAP-induced increase in ROS,JNK phosphorylation,and cell death in vitro.CONCLUSION Our study suggests that MV treatment alleviates APAP-induced ALI by reducing ROS and JNK activation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81802709)the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation,China(Nos.ZR2023MH230,ZR2023MH096)+1 种基金the Shandong Provincial Postdoctoral Innovative Talents Funded SchemePlan of Young Scholars of Shandong University。
文摘Immunotherapy offers significant potential but is often hampered by the immunosuppressive environment in oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC).To address this,we propose an enhanced immunotherapeutic strategy that revitalizes the tumor immune microenvironment(TIME)in OSCC by integrating upconversion-based photodynamic therapy(PDT)with chemotherapy.Using a red blood cell membraneinspired biomimetic nanoplatform,our approach concurrently delivers chlorin e6@upconversion nanoparticles(Ce6@UCNP)and doxorubicin(DOX).By leveraging fluorescence resonance energy transfer(FRET)for 980 nm to 660 nm upconversion excitation,we address challenges such as limited tissue penetration and tissue damage,as well as nanoplatform issues including immunogenicity and targeting inaccuracy Our integrated approach enhances PDT and chemotherapy with the goal of transforming immunologically“cold”tumors into“hot”ones through a cascaded therapy,thereby revitalizing the tumor immune microenvironment in OSCC.
基金supported by the Sichuan Provincial Department of Science and Technology(Grant No.2024NSFSC0093)Sichuan Provincial Department of Natural Resources(Grants No.ZDKJ-2024-003 and KJ-2024-012)+2 种基金Sichuan Institute of Geological Survey(Grant No.SCIGS-CZDZX-2024001)the 2024 New Round of Strategic Mineral Exploration Initiative(ZKKJ202412)the Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Rare and Rare Earth Resource Evaluation and Utilization.
文摘The Late Yanshanian granite belt in the Yidun Island Arc of western Sichuan constitutes a critical rare metal metallogenic zone along the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau,yet its deep-seated resource distribution has remained poorly understood.Focusing on the northern contact zone of Hagala rock mass,this study innovatively integrates geological mapping,high-power induced polarization(IP)sounding(AB/2=1500m,MN=20m),and 3D modeling to systematically constrain the spatial architecture and resource potential of deep-seated ore bodies.Key findings include:(1)Surface discovery of 12 NW-trending pegmatitetype Nb-Ta-Li-Be veins,with the No.3 principal vein exhibiting maximum dimensions(850m length×5-15m width)and average grades of 0.031%Ta_(2)O_(5)and 0.017%Nb_(2)O_(5)-significantly exceeding industrial thresholds(0.012%),while Li_(2)O(0.55%)and Rb_(2)O(0.24%)reach cutoff grades;(2)IP sounding reveals spatial correlation between deep high-resistivity anomalies(4,684Ω·m)and low polarization rates(1.28%),with 3D inversion demonstrating NE-dipping extensions exceeding 800m depth,establishing a geometrically constrained mineralization model of 2.28 million m^(3)volume;(3)Resource estimates for the No.3 vein yield 35,000 tonnes Li_(2)O and 15,000 tonnes Rb_(2)O,with 1,981 tonnes Ta_(2)O_(5)and 1,086 tonnes Nb_(2)O_(5)metal content,confirming large-scale rare metal deposit potential.The developed geology-geophysics collaborative exploration framework establishes a paradigm for rare metal prospecting in collisional orogenic belts.
文摘A smartphone warning system is a feasible option to notify motorists about a safety threat and/or pedestrian crossings ahead. In this paper, a smartphone-based warning system was proposed to enhance workers’ safety in work zones. Three different warning message systems, including sound, male voice and female voice, were designed to alert drivers. Twenty-four subjects were recruited for a total of ninety-six rounds driving simulator test in a work zone to investigate the impacts of smartphone-based warning messages on subjects’ driving performance, in terms of driving speed, speed variation, acceleration, and brake reaction distance. The outcome showed that, with the assistance of the sound and voice (either female or male) warning messages, drivers could effectively reduce their accelerations and speeds. Meanwhile, such a warning system can induce subjects to shorten their brake reaction distances for worker crossings. All participants found that this warning system is applicable to enhance their defensive driving behaviors while driving through a work zone.
文摘The continuous combustion of unsustainable carbon-based fossil fuels has dramatically accelerated the increase in carbon dioxide(CO_(2))concentration in the atmosphere(from approximately278.3 ppm in 1750 to 417.9 ppm in 2023),which would exacerbate environmental problems such as greenhouse effect[1].The effective electrosynthesis of high value-added multi-carbon(C_(2+))chemicals(e.g.,ethanol,ethylene)from CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)is a promising strategy to mitigate these environmental issues mentioned above but remains highly challenging due to the competition of hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and low selectivity of target products.
文摘Objective:To observe and explore the effectiveness and safety of continuous blood purification intervention in the clinical treatment of patients with severe sepsis in the Intensive Care Unit(ICU).Methods:Medical records were collected from March 2024 to March 2025,including a total of 54 patients with severe sepsis in the ICU.The patients were divided into two groups using a random number table method:the conventional group(27 patients receiving conventional treatment)and the observation group(27 patients receiving continuous blood purification in addition to conventional treatment).C-reactive protein,arterial lactate,mean arterial pressure,respiration,and heart rate were measured.The Sequential Organ Failure Assessment(SOFA)score was compared,and adverse reactions were observed.Results:The observation group had lower levels of C-reactive protein,arterial lactate,respiration,heart rate,and total SOFA score compared to the conventional group,while the mean arterial pressure was higher(P<0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions during treatment was lower in the observation group than in the conventional group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The use of continuous blood purification in the clinical treatment of patients with severe sepsis in the ICU is effective.It can alleviate the disease,improve vital signs,reduce inflammatory damage,and reduce adverse reactions.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(2024JJ8266).
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to establish a detection method for the simultaneous determination of 18 perfluorinated compounds(PFCs)in milk tea by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UHPLC-MS/MS).[Methods]The samples were first subjected to precipitation of proteins by potassium ferrocyanide solution and zinc acetate solution,and then extracted by acetonitrile and detected by LC-MS/MS.Next,sodium chloride was added,and after vortex centrifugation,the acetonitrile layer was dried by blowing with nitrogen.Subsequently,1 ml of methanol was added to prepare a test solution.An ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18(2.6 m,2.1 mm×100 mm)chromatographic column was used for liquid phase separation,and gradient elution was performed using 10 mmol ammonium acetate solution-acetonitrile as the mobile phase.The MS detection adopted the MRM mode for acquisition,positive and negative ion mode switching for simultaneous determination,and external standard method for quantification.[Results]In the linear ranges of the target substances,the correlation coefficients R^(2)were all greater than 0.99.The detection limits of the method was in the range of 0.001-0.05μg/kg,and the quantitation limits were in the range of 0.03-0.20 ng/L.The recovery values ranged from 72.8%to 110.5%.[Conclusions]This method has high sensitivity and good accuracy,and thus strong practical value.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81570891No.81272981)+2 种基金the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.7151003)Advanced Health Care Professionals Development Project of Beijing Municipal Health Bureau(No.2014-2-003)Beijing Municipal Administration of Hospitals Clinical Medicine Development of Special Funding Support(No.ZYLX201307)
文摘AIM： To find new biomarkers for uveal melanoma （UM） by analyzing the serum peptidome profile. METHODS： Proteomic spectra in patients with UM before and after operation were analyzed and compared with those of healthy controls. Magnetic affinity beads were used to capture serum peptides and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight （MALDI-TOF） mass spectrometer were used to compile serum peptide profiles. RESULTS： A panel of 49 peptides were differentially expressed between UM patients and controls, of which 33 peptides were of higher intensities in patient group and 16 peptides were of higher intensities in control group. Based on combined use of these potential markers, peptides with mean molecular masses of 1467 and 9289.0 Da provide high sensitivity （83.3%）, specificity （100%） and accuracy rate （93.0%） together to differentiate melanoma patients from healthy controls. At the time point of 6mo postoperatively, the levels of many peptides differentially expressed before surgery showed no more statistical difference between the patients and the control group. Fibrinogen o-chain precursors were identified as potential UM markers. CONCLUSION： We have shown that a convenient and fast proteomic technique, affinity bead separation and MALDI- TOF analysis combined with bioinformatic software, facilitates the identification of novel biomarkers for UM.
文摘Field observations illustrated that, right-turn vehicles stopped at various positions when proceeding within the right-turn lanes, while some of them trespassed on the crosswalks with multiple stops. In this case, pedestrians and bikes (ped/bike) are encountered unsmooth and hazardous crossings when right-turn vehicles encroaching their lanes. Meanwhile, this also causes conflicts between right-turn and through vehicles at the crossing street. To better protect ped/bike at crossings with right-turn vehicles, this paper proposes a concept of “right-turn vehicle box” (RTVB) as a supplemental treatment within right-turn lanes. Sight distance, geometric conditions, and behaviors of vehicles and ped/bike are key factors to consider so as to set up the criteria and to design the suitable treatment. A case study was conducted at an intersection pair in Houston, USA to shape the idea of RTVB, together with driving simulator tests under relevant scenarios. The preliminary crosscheck examination shows that the right-turn vehicle box could possibly provide ped/ bike with smoother and safer crossings. In the interim, the safety and efficiency of right-turn operations were also improved. To further validate the effects, implementation studies should be conducted before the RTVB can make its debut in practice. Future works will focus on the complete warrants and design details of this treatment. Moreover, the concept of “vehicle box” could also be transplanted to other places where turning movement(s) needs assistance or improvements.
文摘The phenomenon of car-following is special in traffic operations. Traditional car-following models can well describe the reactions of the movements between two concessive vehicles in the same lane within a certain distance. With the invention of connected vehicle technologies, more and more advisory messages are in development and applied in our daily lives, some of which are related to the measures and warnings of speed and headway distance between the two concessive vehicles. Such warnings may change the conventional car-following mechanisms. This paper intends to consider the possible impacts of in-vehicle warning messages to improve the traditional car-following models, including the General Motor (GM) Model and the Linear (Helly) Model, by calibrating model parameters using field data from an arterial road in Houston, Texas, U.S.A. The safety messages were provided by a tablet/smartphone application. One exponent was applied to the GM model, while another one applied to the Linear (Helly) model, both were on the stimuli term “difference in velocity between two concessive vehicles”. The calibration and validation were separately conducted for deceleration and acceleration conditions. Results showed that, the parameters of the traditional GM model failed to be properly calibrated with the interference of in-vehicle safety messages, and the parameters calibrated from the traditional Linear (Helly) Model with no in-vehicle messages could not be directly used in the case with such messages. However, both updated models can be well calibrated even if those messages were provided. The entire research process, as well as the calibrated models and parameters could be a reference in the on-going connected vehicle program and micro/macroscopic traffic simulations.
