阐述主题式教学及其优点。从教材内容、教师的授课方式和学生学习动力等三个方面分析目前初中英语教学存在的问题。以外研版初中《英语》七年级(上)Module 6 Unit 1 Animals in the zoo为例,探讨教师如何把主题式教学应用到初中英语听...阐述主题式教学及其优点。从教材内容、教师的授课方式和学生学习动力等三个方面分析目前初中英语教学存在的问题。以外研版初中《英语》七年级(上)Module 6 Unit 1 Animals in the zoo为例,探讨教师如何把主题式教学应用到初中英语听说课堂教学实践中,让英语教学真正成为提升学生综合语言运用能力和培养其英语学科核心素养的有效途径。展开更多
One major consequence of global warming in the Antarctic region is increased ice-free zones.Subsequent colonization of these ice-free areas by penguins alters their biogeochemistry,with one prominent example being ele...One major consequence of global warming in the Antarctic region is increased ice-free zones.Subsequent colonization of these ice-free areas by penguins alters their biogeochemistry,with one prominent example being elevation of inorganic phosphate concentrations around feces depositions.The complex soil biochemistry in the region makes it difficult to define the causal factors of these changes using common research approaches.Here,we addressed the effects of phosphate alone on microbiome structure and dynamics over time by adding external phosphate to selected soils in the Antarctic region.We then analyzed the soil bacterial community composition and diversity using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and compared these data with phosphate levels.Parallel geochemical analysis revealed changes in nine soil geochemical factors upon phosphate addition,all of which were relevant to microbiome structure,with soil pH showing the highest correlation.Links between geochemical factors and composition were identified,as were interactions between bacterial taxa.Additionally,Sphingobacteriia,Sphingobacteriales and Chitinophagaceae were found to be more abundant in phosphate-treated soils.Co-occurrence network analysis revealed significantly increased levels of associations in all major network properties over time after phosphate supplementation.Therefore,we conclude phosphate addition has diverse effects on Antarctic soil microbiomes.展开更多
Glacial meltwater runoff is a dynamic ecosystem.On the one hand,nutrient concentration changes as it flows from upstream to downstream,and on the other hand,bacterial community structure changes due to its contact wit...Glacial meltwater runoff is a dynamic ecosystem.On the one hand,nutrient concentration changes as it flows from upstream to downstream,and on the other hand,bacterial community structure changes due to its contact with nearby soil during the flow process.We studied meltwater and soil in the Midre Lovénbreen glacier region,to explore changes in bacterial diversity as meltwater flows,and the relationship between meltwater and soil bacterial diversity.As glacial meltwater flows from upstream to downstream,the relative abundance of dominant bacterial groups changes.In addition,we found that during the flowing process,nutrient exchange and bacterial contact had occurred between the meltwater runoff and the soil.As a result,the distribution patterns of some bacteria in the meltwater are very similar to those in the soil.Finally,we combined distance-based redundancy analysis and weighted correlation network analysis to show that NO_(3)^(-)-N and NO_(2)^(-)-N are the most two significant factors affecting glacial meltwater and soil,respectively.Our results suggest that in such a close-knit ecosystem,the interaction of glacial meltwater with soil,as well as environmental factors,together determine bacterial community composition.展开更多
文摘阐述主题式教学及其优点。从教材内容、教师的授课方式和学生学习动力等三个方面分析目前初中英语教学存在的问题。以外研版初中《英语》七年级(上)Module 6 Unit 1 Animals in the zoo为例,探讨教师如何把主题式教学应用到初中英语听说课堂教学实践中,让英语教学真正成为提升学生综合语言运用能力和培养其英语学科核心素养的有效途径。
基金funded by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant no.2018YFC1406700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant no.41776198)the Basic Scientific Fund for National Public Research Institutes of China(Grant no.GY0219Q10)。
文摘One major consequence of global warming in the Antarctic region is increased ice-free zones.Subsequent colonization of these ice-free areas by penguins alters their biogeochemistry,with one prominent example being elevation of inorganic phosphate concentrations around feces depositions.The complex soil biochemistry in the region makes it difficult to define the causal factors of these changes using common research approaches.Here,we addressed the effects of phosphate alone on microbiome structure and dynamics over time by adding external phosphate to selected soils in the Antarctic region.We then analyzed the soil bacterial community composition and diversity using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and compared these data with phosphate levels.Parallel geochemical analysis revealed changes in nine soil geochemical factors upon phosphate addition,all of which were relevant to microbiome structure,with soil pH showing the highest correlation.Links between geochemical factors and composition were identified,as were interactions between bacterial taxa.Additionally,Sphingobacteriia,Sphingobacteriales and Chitinophagaceae were found to be more abundant in phosphate-treated soils.Co-occurrence network analysis revealed significantly increased levels of associations in all major network properties over time after phosphate supplementation.Therefore,we conclude phosphate addition has diverse effects on Antarctic soil microbiomes.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant no.41776198)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China(Grant no.ZR2020KC036)+1 种基金the Key R&D Program of China(Grant no.2018YFC1406700)Basic Scientific Fund for National Public Research Institutes of China(Grant no.GY0219Q10).
文摘Glacial meltwater runoff is a dynamic ecosystem.On the one hand,nutrient concentration changes as it flows from upstream to downstream,and on the other hand,bacterial community structure changes due to its contact with nearby soil during the flow process.We studied meltwater and soil in the Midre Lovénbreen glacier region,to explore changes in bacterial diversity as meltwater flows,and the relationship between meltwater and soil bacterial diversity.As glacial meltwater flows from upstream to downstream,the relative abundance of dominant bacterial groups changes.In addition,we found that during the flowing process,nutrient exchange and bacterial contact had occurred between the meltwater runoff and the soil.As a result,the distribution patterns of some bacteria in the meltwater are very similar to those in the soil.Finally,we combined distance-based redundancy analysis and weighted correlation network analysis to show that NO_(3)^(-)-N and NO_(2)^(-)-N are the most two significant factors affecting glacial meltwater and soil,respectively.Our results suggest that in such a close-knit ecosystem,the interaction of glacial meltwater with soil,as well as environmental factors,together determine bacterial community composition.
