Aluminium is a potent toxicant in acidic soils. The present study was taken up to analyze the effects of Al on enzymes of nitrogen assimilation in excised bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) leaf segments so as to gain an insig...Aluminium is a potent toxicant in acidic soils. The present study was taken up to analyze the effects of Al on enzymes of nitrogen assimilation in excised bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) leaf segments so as to gain an insight of the mechanism involved. Supply of 0.001 to 0.1 mM AlCl3 to excised bean leaf segments affected the in vivo nitrate reductase activity differently in the presence of various inorganic nitrogenous compounds, being inhibited with 5 mM ammonium nitrate and 10 mM ammonium chloride but enhanced with 10 mM potassium nitrate. Al effect with 50 mM KNO<sub>3</sub> varied with time, showing an increased activity at shorter duration, but decreased at longer duration. Al effect on in vivo NRA was dependent upon the nitrate concentration, thus, inhibiting it at 0, 1 and 50 mM KNO<sub>3</sub>, while increasing at 2 and 10 mM. Further, saturating and non-saturating effects were observed in the absence and presence of Al. Al supply influenced the in vitro NRA also, being increased at 10 mM, but decreased at 50 mM KNO<sub>3</sub>. Supply of Al to excised leaf segments substantially inhibited the glutamate dehydrogenase activity in the absence as well as presence of 5 mM NH<sub>4</sub>NO<sub>3</sub> but increased the glutamate synthase activity. Inhibition of specific glutamate dehydrogenase activity by Al supply was also observed. However, specific glutamate synthase activity was increased in the presence of NH4NO3 only. The experiments demonstrated that effect of supply of aluminium on in vivo nitrate reductase activity depended upon nitrogenous source as well as nitrate concentration and it exerted reciprocal regulation of glutamate dehydrogenase and glutamate synthase activities, which depended upon N supply too.展开更多
Present study outlines a comprehensive view of published information about the underlying mechanisms operational for progression of chronic hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection to development of hepatocellular carcinoma(H...Present study outlines a comprehensive view of published information about the underlying mechanisms operational for progression of chronic hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection to development of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). These reports are based on the results of animal experiments and human based studies. Although, the exact delineated mechanism is not yet established, there are evidences available to emphasize the involvement of HCV induced chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, insulin resistance, endoplasmic reticulum stress, hepato steatosis and liver fibrosis in the progression of HCV chronic disease to HCC. Persistent infection with replicating HCV not only initiates several liver alterations but also creates an environment for development of liver cancer. Various studies have reported that HCV acts both directly as well as indirectly in promoting this process. Whereas HCV related proteins, like HCV core, E1, E2, NS3 and NS5A, modulate signal pathways dysregulating cell cycle and cell metabolism, the chronic infection produces similar changes in an indirect way. HCV is an RNA virus and does not integrate with host genome and therefore, HCV induced hepatocarcinogenesis pursues a totally different mechanism causing imbalance between suppressors and proto-oncogenes and genomic integrity. However, the exact mechanism of HCC inducement still needs a full understanding of various steps involved in this process.展开更多
The present review describes the current status of multiplex quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction(q PCR) assays developed and used globally for detection and subtyping of hepatitis viruses in body fluids. ...The present review describes the current status of multiplex quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction(q PCR) assays developed and used globally for detection and subtyping of hepatitis viruses in body fluids. Several studies have reported the use of multiplex q PCR for the detection of hepatitis viruses, including hepatitis A virus(HAV), hepatitis B virus(HBV), hepatitis C virus(HCV), hepatitis D virus(HDV), and hepatitis E virus(HEV). In addition, multiplex q PCR has also been developed for genotyping HBV, HCV, and HEV subtypes. Although a single step multiplex q PCR assay for all six hepatitis viruses, i.e., A to G viruses, is not yet reported, it may be available in the near future as the technologies continue to advance. All studies use a conserved region of the viral genome as the basis of amplification and hydrolysis probes as the preferred chemistries for improved detection. Based on a standard plot prepared using varying concentrations of template and the observed threshold cycle value, it is possible to determine the linear dynamic range and to calculate an exact copy number of virus in the specimen. Advantages of multiplex q PCR assay over singleplex or other molecular techniques in samples from patients with co-infection include fast results, low cost, and a single step investigation process.展开更多
Grass pea(Lathyrus sativus L.) is a crop that is considered one of the more resilient to climate change. With protein-rich seeds and leaves, it has strong potential as human food as well as animal feed and fodder. How...Grass pea(Lathyrus sativus L.) is a crop that is considered one of the more resilient to climate change. With protein-rich seeds and leaves, it has strong potential as human food as well as animal feed and fodder. However, genetic improvement in this crop remains stagnant owing to the poor characterization of its genetic resources. In this study, we characterized 118 accessions of grass pea with 18 EST-SSR markers. A total of 118 accessions, 101 of L. sativus(100 cultivated accessions from Bangladesh and one wild accession) and 17 wild accessions of other Lathyrus species, were used. A total of 67 alleles were detected, with an average of 3.72 alleles per locus and average polymorphism information content of 0.52. A dissimilarity matrix was formed and hierarchical cluster analysis performed using the UPGMA method grouped genotypes into four main clusters. Cluster analysis based on the genetic dissimilarity revealed a clear grouping of the 100 cultivated and 18 wild accessions into four main groups. Group I consisted of 20 accessions with high β-N-oxalyl-L-α,β-diaminopropionic acid(β-ODAP) concentration. Of these 20 accessions, 17 were wild accessions. Only one wild accession(L. cicera) was clustered in group II, which contained 35 accessions. Most of the group II accessions contained low β-ODAP. Group III was represented by 34 accessions, many of them with high β-ODAP. Group IV consisted of 29 accessions, a few of which had very high β-ODAP concentrations. Analysis of molecular variance of the microsatellite data showed significantly higher values of molecular variance between(83%) than within(17%) populations. These characterized accessions will be useful in grass pea breeding programs.展开更多
Lentil(Lens culinaris Medik) is one of the most important food legumes in the world. The use in lentil of molecular marker-assisted breeding is limited, owing to the low availability of polymorphic markers. In the pre...Lentil(Lens culinaris Medik) is one of the most important food legumes in the world. The use in lentil of molecular marker-assisted breeding is limited, owing to the low availability of polymorphic markers. In the present study, we developed a set of polymorphic intron-spanning markers(ISMs) using a cross-species mapping approach. In this approach, putative unique transcripts(PUTs) of L. culinaris were mapped onto the Medicago truncatula genome, exploiting its closeness with the lentil genome. Spliced alignment of the PUTs resulted in a total of 25,717 alignments, allowing the development of 1703 ISMs. From these, a subset of 105 ISMs were synthesized and validated with a 51% amplification success rate in 32 lentil genotypes. Of these ISMs, 40(74%) were polymorphic and generated 2–11 alleles per locus in a genetically diverse panel of 32 lentil genotypes including wild species.This set of polymorphic ISMs along with their functional annotation data will be useful in lentil breeding.展开更多
Objective:To identify the clinical,laboratory,and radiological markers that could predict a positive GeneXpert result in patients suspected of tuberculous meningitis.Methods:In this prospective,observational study,pat...Objective:To identify the clinical,laboratory,and radiological markers that could predict a positive GeneXpert result in patients suspected of tuberculous meningitis.Methods:In this prospective,observational study,patients with tuberculous meningitis were systematically evaluated.Various clinical,laboratory[including cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)microscopy,culture,and GeneXpert],and neuroimaging factors were examined.All participants were administered anti-tuberculous treatment and corticosteroids.A six-month follow-up was done to evaluate the outcome.Results:Of the 116 patients studied,54(46.6%)tested positive for GeneXpert,while 62(53.4%)were negative.Third cranial nerve involvement(OR 3.71,95%CI 1.052-13.09,P=0.04)and the presence of basal exudates on neuroimaging(OR 5.22,95%CI 2.03-13.42,P=0.001)emerged as independent predictive factors for a positive GeneXpert result.A positive CSF GeneXpert result(P=0.002)and drug resistance(P=0.004)were significantly linked to adverse outcomes.Additionally,a high score on the Medical Research Council stageⅢ(OR 5.64,95%CI 1.18-26.87,P=0.03)and elevated CSF cell counts(OR 1.002,95%CI 1.00-1.001,P=0.03)were identified as independent predictors of poor prognosis.Conclusions:Third cranial nerve involvement and the presence of basal exudates were significant indicators of a positive GeneXpert result.MRC stageⅢdisability and elevated CSF cell counts predicted poor outcomes.展开更多
Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease reaching an epidemic proportion in many parts of the world. By the year 2025 it is expected that 333 million people of the world will have diabetes as their main ailment. As tod...Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease reaching an epidemic proportion in many parts of the world. By the year 2025 it is expected that 333 million people of the world will have diabetes as their main ailment. As today, India assumes the position of the diabetic capital of the world with the highest percentage of its population suffering from diabetes. It is pathetic to mention that in proportion to its people suffering from diabetes, this country has very weak spending power for treatment because of wide spread poverty. Therefore, this review is aimed at opening up new vistas in realizing the therapeutic potential of Ayurveda in treatment of diabetes and other chronic diseases. All drugs which we have discussed in this review have a significant role in therapy of diabetes mellitus.展开更多
Diabetes is a hereditary disorder that interferes with human life at all ages.It is challenging for cells to absorb glucose from the bloodstream when an individual has diabetes.The two main subtypes of diabetes are ty...Diabetes is a hereditary disorder that interferes with human life at all ages.It is challenging for cells to absorb glucose from the bloodstream when an individual has diabetes.The two main subtypes of diabetes are type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes.Type 1 diabetes develops when the pancreas cannot make enough insulin,whereas type 2 diabetes spreads due to insulin resistance.Diabetes is a recurrent,and chronic illness that is incurable.In modern healthcare systems,disease detection technology is pervasive.Detecting diabetes in its early stages is crucial for initiating timely treatment and halting disease progression.The proposed method has the potential not only to forecast the likelihood of future diabetes onset but also to identify the specific type of diabetes a person may develop.This paper investigates a potential solution for a diabetes prediction model in light of the continually rising prevalence of diabetes among patients.The proposed framework is designed using two datasets:the Pima Indian dataset,which is used to forecast diabetes,and the DiabetesType dataset,which is used to identify the type of diabetes mellitus an individual has.This research aims to apply machine learning classifiers and ensemble models,such as Bagging,Voting,Averaging,and Stacking,for diabetes prediction.In this context,SMOTE(synthetic minority oversampling technique)and hyperparameter adjustment of the algorithms are considered and have substantially improved the findings.The developed heterogeneous ensemble model offers enhanced prediction rates with different performance criteria.Using the bagging technique,random forest attains a 96%accuracy rate,resulting in better predictions in the PID dataset.Regarding the DiabetesType dataset,the voting ensemble model provides a 98.5%accuracy rate.This study highlights that ensemble learning models are effective in predicting diabetes and can outperform earlier relevant studies.展开更多
As sessile organisms,plants employ a unique adaptive strategy to survive harsh terrestrial environments and defend against or interact with coevolving animals and microorganisms.This strategy involves expanding their ...As sessile organisms,plants employ a unique adaptive strategy to survive harsh terrestrial environments and defend against or interact with coevolving animals and microorganisms.This strategy involves expanding their metabolic systems,resulting in the production of plant specialized metabolites(PSMs)or natural products.Chemically,PSMs constitute a highly diverse group of compounds based on their common core structure,comprising terpenoids,phenylpropanoids,benzenoids,alkaloids and nitrogen-containing compounds,glucosinolates,indoles and sulfur-containing indole compounds,phenolics,and fatty acid derivatives(Garagounis et al.,2021).展开更多
Aim:Heparin is a multifaceted compound with uses not only as an anticoagulant,but also as an anti-inflammatory,anti-allergenic,anti-histaminic,anti-serotonin,anti-proteolytic and neoangiogenic agent.The aim of the stu...Aim:Heparin is a multifaceted compound with uses not only as an anticoagulant,but also as an anti-inflammatory,anti-allergenic,anti-histaminic,anti-serotonin,anti-proteolytic and neoangiogenic agent.The aim of the study was to study the effect of topical heparin in the management of second-degree burns.Methods:Between December 2005 and January 2007,60 consecutive patients,aged 10-60 years,with first-and second-degree thermal injuries ranging from 10%to 60%,were randomly enrolled in the study divided into a control group(C)and a heparin group(H)of 30 patients each.Results:Patients treated with topical heparin experienced statistically significant improved pain relief,faster healing,fewer complications and shorter hospital stays.The majority of the patients admitted were in an economically productive age group and were predominantly female.The distribution between the two groups according to age,type of burns and extent of burns was not statistically different.Conclusion:The current study demonstrates the efficacy of topical heparin in the treatment of first-and second-degree burns.展开更多
Phosphaalkenes are an emerging class of ligands with unique electronic properties that can be regarded as tuneable variants of the ubiquitous CO ligand.Our group has recently reported the synthesis of the P,N-type pho...Phosphaalkenes are an emerging class of ligands with unique electronic properties that can be regarded as tuneable variants of the ubiquitous CO ligand.Our group has recently reported the synthesis of the P,N-type phosphaalkene ligand quin-CHvPMes^(*)(1,quin=2-quinolinyl)and its coordination chemistry with Rh(Ⅰ)was investigated.展开更多
文摘Aluminium is a potent toxicant in acidic soils. The present study was taken up to analyze the effects of Al on enzymes of nitrogen assimilation in excised bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) leaf segments so as to gain an insight of the mechanism involved. Supply of 0.001 to 0.1 mM AlCl3 to excised bean leaf segments affected the in vivo nitrate reductase activity differently in the presence of various inorganic nitrogenous compounds, being inhibited with 5 mM ammonium nitrate and 10 mM ammonium chloride but enhanced with 10 mM potassium nitrate. Al effect with 50 mM KNO<sub>3</sub> varied with time, showing an increased activity at shorter duration, but decreased at longer duration. Al effect on in vivo NRA was dependent upon the nitrate concentration, thus, inhibiting it at 0, 1 and 50 mM KNO<sub>3</sub>, while increasing at 2 and 10 mM. Further, saturating and non-saturating effects were observed in the absence and presence of Al. Al supply influenced the in vitro NRA also, being increased at 10 mM, but decreased at 50 mM KNO<sub>3</sub>. Supply of Al to excised leaf segments substantially inhibited the glutamate dehydrogenase activity in the absence as well as presence of 5 mM NH<sub>4</sub>NO<sub>3</sub> but increased the glutamate synthase activity. Inhibition of specific glutamate dehydrogenase activity by Al supply was also observed. However, specific glutamate synthase activity was increased in the presence of NH4NO3 only. The experiments demonstrated that effect of supply of aluminium on in vivo nitrate reductase activity depended upon nitrogenous source as well as nitrate concentration and it exerted reciprocal regulation of glutamate dehydrogenase and glutamate synthase activities, which depended upon N supply too.
文摘Present study outlines a comprehensive view of published information about the underlying mechanisms operational for progression of chronic hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection to development of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). These reports are based on the results of animal experiments and human based studies. Although, the exact delineated mechanism is not yet established, there are evidences available to emphasize the involvement of HCV induced chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, insulin resistance, endoplasmic reticulum stress, hepato steatosis and liver fibrosis in the progression of HCV chronic disease to HCC. Persistent infection with replicating HCV not only initiates several liver alterations but also creates an environment for development of liver cancer. Various studies have reported that HCV acts both directly as well as indirectly in promoting this process. Whereas HCV related proteins, like HCV core, E1, E2, NS3 and NS5A, modulate signal pathways dysregulating cell cycle and cell metabolism, the chronic infection produces similar changes in an indirect way. HCV is an RNA virus and does not integrate with host genome and therefore, HCV induced hepatocarcinogenesis pursues a totally different mechanism causing imbalance between suppressors and proto-oncogenes and genomic integrity. However, the exact mechanism of HCC inducement still needs a full understanding of various steps involved in this process.
文摘The present review describes the current status of multiplex quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction(q PCR) assays developed and used globally for detection and subtyping of hepatitis viruses in body fluids. Several studies have reported the use of multiplex q PCR for the detection of hepatitis viruses, including hepatitis A virus(HAV), hepatitis B virus(HBV), hepatitis C virus(HCV), hepatitis D virus(HDV), and hepatitis E virus(HEV). In addition, multiplex q PCR has also been developed for genotyping HBV, HCV, and HEV subtypes. Although a single step multiplex q PCR assay for all six hepatitis viruses, i.e., A to G viruses, is not yet reported, it may be available in the near future as the technologies continue to advance. All studies use a conserved region of the viral genome as the basis of amplification and hydrolysis probes as the preferred chemistries for improved detection. Based on a standard plot prepared using varying concentrations of template and the observed threshold cycle value, it is possible to determine the linear dynamic range and to calculate an exact copy number of virus in the specimen. Advantages of multiplex q PCR assay over singleplex or other molecular techniques in samples from patients with co-infection include fast results, low cost, and a single step investigation process.
基金supported partially by Bioversity VavilovFrankel Fellowship to Priyanka Gupta(Grant no.CONT/12/217/RF)supported by Grains Research and Development Corporation(GRDC),Australia
文摘Grass pea(Lathyrus sativus L.) is a crop that is considered one of the more resilient to climate change. With protein-rich seeds and leaves, it has strong potential as human food as well as animal feed and fodder. However, genetic improvement in this crop remains stagnant owing to the poor characterization of its genetic resources. In this study, we characterized 118 accessions of grass pea with 18 EST-SSR markers. A total of 118 accessions, 101 of L. sativus(100 cultivated accessions from Bangladesh and one wild accession) and 17 wild accessions of other Lathyrus species, were used. A total of 67 alleles were detected, with an average of 3.72 alleles per locus and average polymorphism information content of 0.52. A dissimilarity matrix was formed and hierarchical cluster analysis performed using the UPGMA method grouped genotypes into four main clusters. Cluster analysis based on the genetic dissimilarity revealed a clear grouping of the 100 cultivated and 18 wild accessions into four main groups. Group I consisted of 20 accessions with high β-N-oxalyl-L-α,β-diaminopropionic acid(β-ODAP) concentration. Of these 20 accessions, 17 were wild accessions. Only one wild accession(L. cicera) was clustered in group II, which contained 35 accessions. Most of the group II accessions contained low β-ODAP. Group III was represented by 34 accessions, many of them with high β-ODAP. Group IV consisted of 29 accessions, a few of which had very high β-ODAP concentrations. Analysis of molecular variance of the microsatellite data showed significantly higher values of molecular variance between(83%) than within(17%) populations. These characterized accessions will be useful in grass pea breeding programs.
基金the Indian Council of Agricultural Research,New Delhi,India for research supportpartially funded by the Department of Biotechnology,Government of India,New Delhi,India through a grant support(BT/PR10921/AG11/106/943/2014)
文摘Lentil(Lens culinaris Medik) is one of the most important food legumes in the world. The use in lentil of molecular marker-assisted breeding is limited, owing to the low availability of polymorphic markers. In the present study, we developed a set of polymorphic intron-spanning markers(ISMs) using a cross-species mapping approach. In this approach, putative unique transcripts(PUTs) of L. culinaris were mapped onto the Medicago truncatula genome, exploiting its closeness with the lentil genome. Spliced alignment of the PUTs resulted in a total of 25,717 alignments, allowing the development of 1703 ISMs. From these, a subset of 105 ISMs were synthesized and validated with a 51% amplification success rate in 32 lentil genotypes. Of these ISMs, 40(74%) were polymorphic and generated 2–11 alleles per locus in a genetically diverse panel of 32 lentil genotypes including wild species.This set of polymorphic ISMs along with their functional annotation data will be useful in lentil breeding.
文摘Objective:To identify the clinical,laboratory,and radiological markers that could predict a positive GeneXpert result in patients suspected of tuberculous meningitis.Methods:In this prospective,observational study,patients with tuberculous meningitis were systematically evaluated.Various clinical,laboratory[including cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)microscopy,culture,and GeneXpert],and neuroimaging factors were examined.All participants were administered anti-tuberculous treatment and corticosteroids.A six-month follow-up was done to evaluate the outcome.Results:Of the 116 patients studied,54(46.6%)tested positive for GeneXpert,while 62(53.4%)were negative.Third cranial nerve involvement(OR 3.71,95%CI 1.052-13.09,P=0.04)and the presence of basal exudates on neuroimaging(OR 5.22,95%CI 2.03-13.42,P=0.001)emerged as independent predictive factors for a positive GeneXpert result.A positive CSF GeneXpert result(P=0.002)and drug resistance(P=0.004)were significantly linked to adverse outcomes.Additionally,a high score on the Medical Research Council stageⅢ(OR 5.64,95%CI 1.18-26.87,P=0.03)and elevated CSF cell counts(OR 1.002,95%CI 1.00-1.001,P=0.03)were identified as independent predictors of poor prognosis.Conclusions:Third cranial nerve involvement and the presence of basal exudates were significant indicators of a positive GeneXpert result.MRC stageⅢdisability and elevated CSF cell counts predicted poor outcomes.
文摘Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease reaching an epidemic proportion in many parts of the world. By the year 2025 it is expected that 333 million people of the world will have diabetes as their main ailment. As today, India assumes the position of the diabetic capital of the world with the highest percentage of its population suffering from diabetes. It is pathetic to mention that in proportion to its people suffering from diabetes, this country has very weak spending power for treatment because of wide spread poverty. Therefore, this review is aimed at opening up new vistas in realizing the therapeutic potential of Ayurveda in treatment of diabetes and other chronic diseases. All drugs which we have discussed in this review have a significant role in therapy of diabetes mellitus.
文摘Diabetes is a hereditary disorder that interferes with human life at all ages.It is challenging for cells to absorb glucose from the bloodstream when an individual has diabetes.The two main subtypes of diabetes are type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes.Type 1 diabetes develops when the pancreas cannot make enough insulin,whereas type 2 diabetes spreads due to insulin resistance.Diabetes is a recurrent,and chronic illness that is incurable.In modern healthcare systems,disease detection technology is pervasive.Detecting diabetes in its early stages is crucial for initiating timely treatment and halting disease progression.The proposed method has the potential not only to forecast the likelihood of future diabetes onset but also to identify the specific type of diabetes a person may develop.This paper investigates a potential solution for a diabetes prediction model in light of the continually rising prevalence of diabetes among patients.The proposed framework is designed using two datasets:the Pima Indian dataset,which is used to forecast diabetes,and the DiabetesType dataset,which is used to identify the type of diabetes mellitus an individual has.This research aims to apply machine learning classifiers and ensemble models,such as Bagging,Voting,Averaging,and Stacking,for diabetes prediction.In this context,SMOTE(synthetic minority oversampling technique)and hyperparameter adjustment of the algorithms are considered and have substantially improved the findings.The developed heterogeneous ensemble model offers enhanced prediction rates with different performance criteria.Using the bagging technique,random forest attains a 96%accuracy rate,resulting in better predictions in the PID dataset.Regarding the DiabetesType dataset,the voting ensemble model provides a 98.5%accuracy rate.This study highlights that ensemble learning models are effective in predicting diabetes and can outperform earlier relevant studies.
基金supported by grants from the Department of Biotechnology,Govt.of India(project no.GAP-483:BT/PR37968/GET/119/341/2020).P.G.and A.S.are supported by DBT-SRF and UGC-SRF,respectively。
文摘As sessile organisms,plants employ a unique adaptive strategy to survive harsh terrestrial environments and defend against or interact with coevolving animals and microorganisms.This strategy involves expanding their metabolic systems,resulting in the production of plant specialized metabolites(PSMs)or natural products.Chemically,PSMs constitute a highly diverse group of compounds based on their common core structure,comprising terpenoids,phenylpropanoids,benzenoids,alkaloids and nitrogen-containing compounds,glucosinolates,indoles and sulfur-containing indole compounds,phenolics,and fatty acid derivatives(Garagounis et al.,2021).
文摘Aim:Heparin is a multifaceted compound with uses not only as an anticoagulant,but also as an anti-inflammatory,anti-allergenic,anti-histaminic,anti-serotonin,anti-proteolytic and neoangiogenic agent.The aim of the study was to study the effect of topical heparin in the management of second-degree burns.Methods:Between December 2005 and January 2007,60 consecutive patients,aged 10-60 years,with first-and second-degree thermal injuries ranging from 10%to 60%,were randomly enrolled in the study divided into a control group(C)and a heparin group(H)of 30 patients each.Results:Patients treated with topical heparin experienced statistically significant improved pain relief,faster healing,fewer complications and shorter hospital stays.The majority of the patients admitted were in an economically productive age group and were predominantly female.The distribution between the two groups according to age,type of burns and extent of burns was not statistically different.Conclusion:The current study demonstrates the efficacy of topical heparin in the treatment of first-and second-degree burns.
基金support by LIKAT(PhD fellowship for P.G.)is gratefully acknowledged.
文摘Phosphaalkenes are an emerging class of ligands with unique electronic properties that can be regarded as tuneable variants of the ubiquitous CO ligand.Our group has recently reported the synthesis of the P,N-type phosphaalkene ligand quin-CHvPMes^(*)(1,quin=2-quinolinyl)and its coordination chemistry with Rh(Ⅰ)was investigated.
