The objectives of this study were to(1)simulate streamflow,total sediment(TS),total phosphorus(TP),and total nitrogen(TN)loads;and(2)use the sequential uncertainty fitting(SUFI-2)algorithm to quantify the model parame...The objectives of this study were to(1)simulate streamflow,total sediment(TS),total phosphorus(TP),and total nitrogen(TN)loads;and(2)use the sequential uncertainty fitting(SUFI-2)algorithm to quantify the model parameter sensitivity and uncertainty in simulating streamflow,TS,TP,and TN loads using Soil and Water Assessment(SWAT)model in Big Sunflower River watershed(BSRW).The model was calibrated from 1996 to 2003 and validated from 2004 to 2010 for daily streamflow,TS load,TP load,and TN load.The model performed well simulating daily streamflow(R^2=0.58-0.75,NSE=0.47-0.75),TS load(R^2=0.50-0.72,NSE=0.47-0.66),and TP load(R^2=0.79-0.82,NSE=0.73-0.77),and the model performance was slightly low for TN load(R^2=0.13-0.31,NSE=0.09 to 0.07).This study determined that parameter uncertainty was greatest for simulating TN load(p-factor=0.48,r-factor=1.25)and that parameter uncertainty was lowest for simulating streamflow(p-factor=0.70-0.78,r-factor=1.18-1.19).Output uncertainty was much greater during peak streamflow and peak pollutant loads compared to periods of low streamflow and low pollutant loads.The sensitivity analyses found that streamflow was most sensitive to Manning’s roughness coefficient for the main channel(CH_N2),TS load was most sensitive the peak rate adjustment factor for sediment routing in the tributary channels(ADJ_PKR),TP load was most sensitive to the Phosphorus enrichment ratio for loading with sediments(ERORGP),and TN load was most sensitive to the denitrification exponential rate coefficient(CDN).Uncertainty was found to be much greater during peak streamflow and peak pollutant loads compared to periods of low streamflow and low pollutant loads.展开更多
The objectives of this study were to evaluate the return of investment and profitability of a bio-gasification facility using a modeling method.Based on preliminary market analysis,the results determined that the powe...The objectives of this study were to evaluate the return of investment and profitability of a bio-gasification facility using a modeling method.Based on preliminary market analysis,the results determined that the power facilities driven by biomass gasifiers could be profitable if they consider the most sensitive cost factors such as labor,project investment,and feedstock supply.The result showed that economic feasibility of bio-gasification facility can significantly affect by its production capacity and operating modes(one shift,two shifts,or three shifts).The cost analysis modeling approach developed in this study could be a good approach for economic analysis of bio-syngas and bio-fuel products.In addition,this study demonstrated a unique modeling approach to analyze return of investment and profitability of biofuels production.展开更多
Bio-gasification is a new technology and considered as a more efficient way to utilize bioenergy.The economic feasibility becomes one of the greatest issues when we apply this new technology.Evaluation of economic fea...Bio-gasification is a new technology and considered as a more efficient way to utilize bioenergy.The economic feasibility becomes one of the greatest issues when we apply this new technology.Evaluation of economic feasibility of a bio-gasification facility needs better understanding of its production unit cost under different capacities and different working shift modes.The objective of this study was to evaluate the unit cost of biofuel products(Liquid HCs,Light HCs and Oxygenates CxHyOz)under different capacities using a modeling method.The cost analysis model was developed using Visual Basic Microsoft 2008,computer programming language and mathematical equations.The modeling results showed that the unit costs of biofuel product from bio-gasification facility were significantly affected by production capacities of facilities.As the facility capacity increased from 65 to 10,000 N m^3 h^-1,the biofuel production unit cost of gas(Light HCs),oil(Liquid HCs),and aqueous(Oxygenates CxHyOz)decreased from$38.92 per MMBTU,$30.89 per gallon and$25.74 per gallon to$2.01 per MMBTU,$1.59 per gallon,and$1.33 per gallon,respectively.The results of the sensitivity analysis showed that feedstock cost was the most sensitive cost factor on unit costs for all biofuel products at high capacity.The cost analysis model developed in this study could be used to optimize production unit costs of bio-fuel products from bio-gasification facility.展开更多
文摘The objectives of this study were to(1)simulate streamflow,total sediment(TS),total phosphorus(TP),and total nitrogen(TN)loads;and(2)use the sequential uncertainty fitting(SUFI-2)algorithm to quantify the model parameter sensitivity and uncertainty in simulating streamflow,TS,TP,and TN loads using Soil and Water Assessment(SWAT)model in Big Sunflower River watershed(BSRW).The model was calibrated from 1996 to 2003 and validated from 2004 to 2010 for daily streamflow,TS load,TP load,and TN load.The model performed well simulating daily streamflow(R^2=0.58-0.75,NSE=0.47-0.75),TS load(R^2=0.50-0.72,NSE=0.47-0.66),and TP load(R^2=0.79-0.82,NSE=0.73-0.77),and the model performance was slightly low for TN load(R^2=0.13-0.31,NSE=0.09 to 0.07).This study determined that parameter uncertainty was greatest for simulating TN load(p-factor=0.48,r-factor=1.25)and that parameter uncertainty was lowest for simulating streamflow(p-factor=0.70-0.78,r-factor=1.18-1.19).Output uncertainty was much greater during peak streamflow and peak pollutant loads compared to periods of low streamflow and low pollutant loads.The sensitivity analyses found that streamflow was most sensitive to Manning’s roughness coefficient for the main channel(CH_N2),TS load was most sensitive the peak rate adjustment factor for sediment routing in the tributary channels(ADJ_PKR),TP load was most sensitive to the Phosphorus enrichment ratio for loading with sediments(ERORGP),and TN load was most sensitive to the denitrification exponential rate coefficient(CDN).Uncertainty was found to be much greater during peak streamflow and peak pollutant loads compared to periods of low streamflow and low pollutant loads.
基金This material is based upon work performed through the Sustainable Energy Research Center at Mississippi State University and is supported by the Department of Energy under Award Number DE-FG3606GO86025Micro CHP and Biofuel Center.Authors would like to acknowledge all the support of Drs.Fei Yu,and Hakkwan Kim,Dept.of Agricultural and Biological Engineering at Mississippi State University.
文摘The objectives of this study were to evaluate the return of investment and profitability of a bio-gasification facility using a modeling method.Based on preliminary market analysis,the results determined that the power facilities driven by biomass gasifiers could be profitable if they consider the most sensitive cost factors such as labor,project investment,and feedstock supply.The result showed that economic feasibility of bio-gasification facility can significantly affect by its production capacity and operating modes(one shift,two shifts,or three shifts).The cost analysis modeling approach developed in this study could be a good approach for economic analysis of bio-syngas and bio-fuel products.In addition,this study demonstrated a unique modeling approach to analyze return of investment and profitability of biofuels production.
基金This material is based upon work performed through the Sustainable Energy Research Center at Mississippi State University,and is supported by the Department of Energy under Award Number DE-FG3606GO86025Micro CHP and Biofuel Center.
文摘Bio-gasification is a new technology and considered as a more efficient way to utilize bioenergy.The economic feasibility becomes one of the greatest issues when we apply this new technology.Evaluation of economic feasibility of a bio-gasification facility needs better understanding of its production unit cost under different capacities and different working shift modes.The objective of this study was to evaluate the unit cost of biofuel products(Liquid HCs,Light HCs and Oxygenates CxHyOz)under different capacities using a modeling method.The cost analysis model was developed using Visual Basic Microsoft 2008,computer programming language and mathematical equations.The modeling results showed that the unit costs of biofuel product from bio-gasification facility were significantly affected by production capacities of facilities.As the facility capacity increased from 65 to 10,000 N m^3 h^-1,the biofuel production unit cost of gas(Light HCs),oil(Liquid HCs),and aqueous(Oxygenates CxHyOz)decreased from$38.92 per MMBTU,$30.89 per gallon and$25.74 per gallon to$2.01 per MMBTU,$1.59 per gallon,and$1.33 per gallon,respectively.The results of the sensitivity analysis showed that feedstock cost was the most sensitive cost factor on unit costs for all biofuel products at high capacity.The cost analysis model developed in this study could be used to optimize production unit costs of bio-fuel products from bio-gasification facility.
