the basis of available publications.A total of 103 species belonging to 15 genera of cercosporoid fungi have been reported from Himachal Pradesh on 118 plant species belonging to 46 families.The species richness of ce...the basis of available publications.A total of 103 species belonging to 15 genera of cercosporoid fungi have been reported from Himachal Pradesh on 118 plant species belonging to 46 families.The species richness of cercosporoid fungi in the region was as follows;Cercospora(50),Pseudocercospora(23),Ramularia and Passalora(7 each),Stigmina&Mycosphaerella(3 each),Sirosporium(2),Cercosporella,Distomycovellosiella and Mycovellosiella,Neocercosporidium,Neopseudocercosporella,Nothopassalora,Rosisphaerella&Teratosphaeria(1 each).The highest numbers of cercosporoid fungi were recorded on plant hosts of the family Solanaceae(12 species)followed by Fabaceae(10 species),Asteraceae and Rosaceae(8 species each),Amaranthaceae(5 species),Malvaceae and Smilaceae(4 species each),Acanthaceae,Poaceae,Polygonaceae and Ranunculaceae(3 species each),while the rest of families were found associated with 1-2 cercosporoid speices.展开更多
Endophytic fungi are being investigated for their ability to create industrially relevant secondary metabolites.In recent years,there has been a surge in interest in these fungi as a source of novel enzymes,particular...Endophytic fungi are being investigated for their ability to create industrially relevant secondary metabolites.In recent years,there has been a surge in interest in these fungi as a source of novel enzymes,particularly hydrolytic enzymes.The present study investigated the effect of different carbon,organic and inorganic nitrogens on the growth and ligninolytic enzyme production by the endophytic fungus Diaporthe phaeolorum.The fungus was isolated from the leaves of Dillenia indica and analyzed by morpho-molecular basis.The fungus showed promising results for in vitro production of ligninolytic enzymes.Sucrose was the most favorable carbon compound for growth among all the carbon compounds tested.It displayed maximum lignin peroxidase(Lip)activity in fructose(3.5 U/ml),followed by pectin(2.60 U/ml)and glucose(2.53 U/ml).Glucose gave the highest manganese peroxidase(MnP)activity i.e.,6.88 U/ml followed by starch,sucrose and raffinose.Similarly,the maximum laccase activity was 44.5 U/ml in pectin.Potassium nitrate and L-asparagine were the best inorganic and organic nitrogen for growth.In the case of ligninolytic enzyme production,ammonium acetate and ammonium phosphate were the best media for LiP and MnP,whereas laccase production was highest in ammonium nitrate supplemented medium.In organic nitrogen sources,medium supplemented with DL-tryptophan gave the highest Lip production,whereas MnP and laccase production was observed in the medium containing L-tyrosine and L-asparagine.To the best of our knowledge,this is the first report related to the growth and ligninolytic enzyme production by Diaporthe phaseolorum.The findings from the study will assist researchers in improving the production of ligninolytic enzymes by this fungus under in vitro conditions on an industrial scale.展开更多
Hyphomycetes are abundant and highly diverse in tropical areas such as India due to its climate and geographical landscape.However,several regions of the country remained unexplored or underexplored and many species r...Hyphomycetes are abundant and highly diverse in tropical areas such as India due to its climate and geographical landscape.However,several regions of the country remained unexplored or underexplored and many species remained undiscovered in the country.During mycological forays from the forests of Himachal Pradesh,two hyphomycetous fungi were collected.After detailed analysis of mycological characters like oval to oblong-ellipsoidal,muriform conidia with transverse,longitudinal,and oblique septa rounded or irregular at the ends and often with a protruding hilum,singly on short,unbranched conidiophores or sessile,in sporodochial conidiomata,it was found that these taxa belongs to the genus Berkleasmium.The further evaluation of morphological and microscopic characters revealed the identity of these fungi as B.pandani and B.typhae.Review of literature reveals that both are new records for India.Synoptic table of all the accepted species(both asexual morph and sexual morph)along with checklist of Berkleasmium from India is also provided.展开更多
文摘the basis of available publications.A total of 103 species belonging to 15 genera of cercosporoid fungi have been reported from Himachal Pradesh on 118 plant species belonging to 46 families.The species richness of cercosporoid fungi in the region was as follows;Cercospora(50),Pseudocercospora(23),Ramularia and Passalora(7 each),Stigmina&Mycosphaerella(3 each),Sirosporium(2),Cercosporella,Distomycovellosiella and Mycovellosiella,Neocercosporidium,Neopseudocercosporella,Nothopassalora,Rosisphaerella&Teratosphaeria(1 each).The highest numbers of cercosporoid fungi were recorded on plant hosts of the family Solanaceae(12 species)followed by Fabaceae(10 species),Asteraceae and Rosaceae(8 species each),Amaranthaceae(5 species),Malvaceae and Smilaceae(4 species each),Acanthaceae,Poaceae,Polygonaceae and Ranunculaceae(3 species each),while the rest of families were found associated with 1-2 cercosporoid speices.
基金Acknowledgments The authors acknowledge the Department of Botany,Panjab University Chandigarh,India,for providing infrastructure and instrumentation.Vijay Kumar is also thankful for Senior Research Fellowship(File No.09/135(0854)/2019-EMR-I)the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research(CSIR),India,during research work.
文摘Endophytic fungi are being investigated for their ability to create industrially relevant secondary metabolites.In recent years,there has been a surge in interest in these fungi as a source of novel enzymes,particularly hydrolytic enzymes.The present study investigated the effect of different carbon,organic and inorganic nitrogens on the growth and ligninolytic enzyme production by the endophytic fungus Diaporthe phaeolorum.The fungus was isolated from the leaves of Dillenia indica and analyzed by morpho-molecular basis.The fungus showed promising results for in vitro production of ligninolytic enzymes.Sucrose was the most favorable carbon compound for growth among all the carbon compounds tested.It displayed maximum lignin peroxidase(Lip)activity in fructose(3.5 U/ml),followed by pectin(2.60 U/ml)and glucose(2.53 U/ml).Glucose gave the highest manganese peroxidase(MnP)activity i.e.,6.88 U/ml followed by starch,sucrose and raffinose.Similarly,the maximum laccase activity was 44.5 U/ml in pectin.Potassium nitrate and L-asparagine were the best inorganic and organic nitrogen for growth.In the case of ligninolytic enzyme production,ammonium acetate and ammonium phosphate were the best media for LiP and MnP,whereas laccase production was highest in ammonium nitrate supplemented medium.In organic nitrogen sources,medium supplemented with DL-tryptophan gave the highest Lip production,whereas MnP and laccase production was observed in the medium containing L-tyrosine and L-asparagine.To the best of our knowledge,this is the first report related to the growth and ligninolytic enzyme production by Diaporthe phaseolorum.The findings from the study will assist researchers in improving the production of ligninolytic enzymes by this fungus under in vitro conditions on an industrial scale.
基金Ministry of Environment and Forests,Government of India for the financial assistance(vide letter no.14/26/2008-ERS/RE dt.06.06.2010)。
文摘Hyphomycetes are abundant and highly diverse in tropical areas such as India due to its climate and geographical landscape.However,several regions of the country remained unexplored or underexplored and many species remained undiscovered in the country.During mycological forays from the forests of Himachal Pradesh,two hyphomycetous fungi were collected.After detailed analysis of mycological characters like oval to oblong-ellipsoidal,muriform conidia with transverse,longitudinal,and oblique septa rounded or irregular at the ends and often with a protruding hilum,singly on short,unbranched conidiophores or sessile,in sporodochial conidiomata,it was found that these taxa belongs to the genus Berkleasmium.The further evaluation of morphological and microscopic characters revealed the identity of these fungi as B.pandani and B.typhae.Review of literature reveals that both are new records for India.Synoptic table of all the accepted species(both asexual morph and sexual morph)along with checklist of Berkleasmium from India is also provided.
