This paper introduces the origin and research status of traditional Yaoqu(Chinese medicinal koji)in China,and advances in the research of preparation and development of pure functional Yaoqu.The study results showed t...This paper introduces the origin and research status of traditional Yaoqu(Chinese medicinal koji)in China,and advances in the research of preparation and development of pure functional Yaoqu.The study results showed that the quality of the products was significantly improved when pure Yaoqu was used as saccharifying agent in the brewing of sake,soy sauce and other products.Based on the high saccharification performance and special functional components,Yaoqu can be applied to the development of fermented food.展开更多
With-No-Lysine kinases(WNK) have been reported to be associated with plant growth regulation in Arabidopsis, soybean, and rice, but little is known of their roles in fruits. In this study, a total of 114 WNK genes wer...With-No-Lysine kinases(WNK) have been reported to be associated with plant growth regulation in Arabidopsis, soybean, and rice, but little is known of their roles in fruits. In this study, a total of 114 WNK genes were identified from 8 fruit trees species, and these WNK genes belonged to 2 classes(I and II) that respectively contain 4(A, B, C, D) and 2 groups(E, F). The WNK genes had variable exon-intron structures and were randomly distributed among most chromosomes of each genus. The expression levels of six of the 18 WNK genes in peach were almost undetectable in fruits, suggesting that they may not be associated with fruit development and ripening. Of the other 12 WNK genes, PpWNK.B1 exhibited stronger stability of expression levels than the best reference genes reported previously in fruits from two peach cultivars. These results suggested that PpWNK.B1 could be a reliable reference gene for gene expression studies of peach fruit. Moreover, qRT-PCR assays yielded evidence that when using single reference gene as internal control, mistakes were more possible, indicating that the use of three reference genes is necessary for gene expression studies. Based on the gene expression profiles validated by qRT-PCR, PpWNK.A1 is predicted to likely be involved in fruit ripening, while PpWNK.A2 and PpWNK.E3.1 are likely associated with early fruit development. The present study represented the WNK genes in fruits, and it will be a valuable resource in continuing investigation of gene regulation network during fruit development and ripening.展开更多
基金Supported by International Cooperation Project of National Key Research Program"Research on Expression Regulation of Key Genes of Characteristic Microorganisms in Chinese and Japanese Koji and Quality Improvement of Chinese Distiller's Yeast" (2018YFE0127400)Open Project of National New Antibiotic Culture Collection and Management Center of Chengdu University"Analysis of Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Liquor Koji and Screening of Functional Microorganisms" (CCSIIA202202).
文摘This paper introduces the origin and research status of traditional Yaoqu(Chinese medicinal koji)in China,and advances in the research of preparation and development of pure functional Yaoqu.The study results showed that the quality of the products was significantly improved when pure Yaoqu was used as saccharifying agent in the brewing of sake,soy sauce and other products.Based on the high saccharification performance and special functional components,Yaoqu can be applied to the development of fermented food.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31471856)
文摘With-No-Lysine kinases(WNK) have been reported to be associated with plant growth regulation in Arabidopsis, soybean, and rice, but little is known of their roles in fruits. In this study, a total of 114 WNK genes were identified from 8 fruit trees species, and these WNK genes belonged to 2 classes(I and II) that respectively contain 4(A, B, C, D) and 2 groups(E, F). The WNK genes had variable exon-intron structures and were randomly distributed among most chromosomes of each genus. The expression levels of six of the 18 WNK genes in peach were almost undetectable in fruits, suggesting that they may not be associated with fruit development and ripening. Of the other 12 WNK genes, PpWNK.B1 exhibited stronger stability of expression levels than the best reference genes reported previously in fruits from two peach cultivars. These results suggested that PpWNK.B1 could be a reliable reference gene for gene expression studies of peach fruit. Moreover, qRT-PCR assays yielded evidence that when using single reference gene as internal control, mistakes were more possible, indicating that the use of three reference genes is necessary for gene expression studies. Based on the gene expression profiles validated by qRT-PCR, PpWNK.A1 is predicted to likely be involved in fruit ripening, while PpWNK.A2 and PpWNK.E3.1 are likely associated with early fruit development. The present study represented the WNK genes in fruits, and it will be a valuable resource in continuing investigation of gene regulation network during fruit development and ripening.
