BACKGROUND The prevalence of glucolipid metabolic disorders(GLMDs)in children and adolescents has a recognized association with cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes mellitus in adulthood.Therefore,it is importa...BACKGROUND The prevalence of glucolipid metabolic disorders(GLMDs)in children and adolescents has a recognized association with cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes mellitus in adulthood.Therefore,it is important to enhance our understanding of the risk factors for GLMD in childhood and adolescence.AIM To explore the relationship between quality of life(QoL)and adolescent GLMD.METHODS This study included 1956 samples in 2019 from a cohort study established in 2014.The QoL scale and glycolipid indexes were collected during follow-up;other covariates of perinatal factors,physical measures,and socioeconomic indicators were collected and adjusted.A generalized linear regression model and logistic regression model were used to analyse the correlation between QoL and GLMD.RESULTS Higher scores of QoL activity opportunity,learning ability and attitude,attitude towards doing homework,and living convenience domains correlated negatively with insulin and homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance(IR)levels.Psychosocial factors,QoL satisfaction factors,and total QoL scores had significant protective effects on insulin and IR levels.Activity opportunity,learning ability and attitude,attitude towards doing homework domains of QoL,psychosocial factor,and total score of QoL correlated positively with high density lipoprotein.In addition,the attitude towards doing homework domain was a protective factor for dyslipidaemia,IR>3,and increased fasting blood glucose;four factors,QoL and total QoL score correlated significantly negatively with IR>3.In subgroup analyses of sex,more domains of QoL correlated with insulin and triglyceride levels,dyslipidaemia,and IR>3 in females.Poor QoL was associated with an increased prevalence of GLMD,and the effect was more pronounced in males than in females.Measures to improve the QoL of adolescents are essential to reduce rates of GLMD.CONCLUSION Our study revealed that QoL scores mainly correlate negatively with the prevalence of GLMD in adolescents of the healthy population.The independent relationship between QoL and GLMD can be illustrated by adjusting for multiple covariates that may be associated with glycaemic index.In addition,among females,more QoL domains are associated with glycaemic index.展开更多
Long-time fermentation has always been one of the reasons restricting the development of straw biological pulping.This study aimed to develop a novel straw pulp film with shortened solid-state fermentation time with l...Long-time fermentation has always been one of the reasons restricting the development of straw biological pulping.This study aimed to develop a novel straw pulp film with shortened solid-state fermentation time with less than 20%mass loss rate by bio-pulping synergistic treatment of straw fibers with deep eutectic solvent(DES)and Streptomyces rochei(S.rochei).Results illustrated that at 3%S.rochei concentration with 7-day fermentation,both cellulose and hemicellulose enzyme activities of the treated rice straw fiber reached peak values with a fiber mass loss rate of 17.01%.Microstructural morphology revealed that S.rochei colonization initiated on straw surfaces and progressively penetrated internal structures,resulting in surface loosening and distinct disruption of cell wall tissues within vascular bundles in transverse sections.The treated rice straw strip indicated a maximum tensile strength of 46.22 MPa for(Bacteria)BA 3%at day 7,attributed to optimized synergistic effects of microfibril angle(MFA)and cellulose/hemicellulose relative content ratio.The modified straw pulp film exhibited significant enhancement in the tensile index(44.9%increase),burst index(10.3%increase),and tear index(60%increase)compared to untreated groups.This work demonstrated the important role ofDES and S.rochei bio-pulping synergistic treatment in improving rice straw pulp performance,suggesting an eco-friendly,novel,and efficient biomass pretreatment technology for potential application prospects in sustainable agricultural mulching materials.展开更多
Puccinia triticina(Pt), as the causal agent of wheat leaf rust, employs a plethora of effector proteins to modulate wheat immunity for successful colonization. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying Pt effe...Puccinia triticina(Pt), as the causal agent of wheat leaf rust, employs a plethora of effector proteins to modulate wheat immunity for successful colonization. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying Pt effector-mediated wheat susceptibility remains largely unexplored. In this study, an effector Pt_21 was identified to interact with the apoplast-localized wheat thaumatin-like protein TaTLP1 using a yeast two-hybrid assay and the Pt_21-TaTLP1 interaction was characterized. The interaction between Pt_21 and TaTLP1 was validated by in vivo co-immunoprecipitation assay. A TaTLP1 variant,TaTLP1C71A, that was identified by the site-directed mutagenesis failed to interact with Pt_21. Pt_21was able to suppress Bax-mediated cell death in leaves of Nicotiana benthamiana and inhibit TaTLP1-mediated antifungal activity. Furthermore, infiltration of recombinant protein Pt_21 into leaves of transgenic wheat line overexpressing TaTLP1 enhanced the disease development of leaf rust compared to that in wild-type leaves. These findings demonstrate that Pt_21 suppresses host defense response by directly targeting wheat TaTLP1 and inhibiting its antifungal activity, which broadens our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying Pt effector-mediated susceptibility in wheat.展开更多
Currently,there is a lack of sufficient ocean meteorological data required for mesoscale weather predictions and fog characteristics analysis in the North China Sea.This study presents a methodology to supplement defi...Currently,there is a lack of sufficient ocean meteorological data required for mesoscale weather predictions and fog characteristics analysis in the North China Sea.This study presents a methodology to supplement deficiencies in wind information in retrieval data from the Geostationary Interferometric Infrared Sounder(GIIRS)onboard the FengYun-4A(FY4A)satellite and analyze mesoscale weather characteristics.Atmospheric semi-geostrophic wind data were derived from semi-geostrophic theory to complete the weather elements in FY4AGIIRS retrieval data.First,the retrieval data accuracy was analyzed between L-band radiosonde data from seven stations and retrieval data from FY4AGIIRS.The errors in the temperature,humidity,and geopotential height from 850 to 400 hPa were smaller than those of other atmospheric layers.Subsequently,the mesoscale weather characteristics of a fog event were analyzed by creating a mesoscale weather map with derived weather information between 875 and 500 hPa.The analyses showed that the derived weather information might provide a new means for fog mesoscale characteristics analysis,which can help forecasters understand the spatial inhomogeneity in the visibility of fog events.展开更多
Poly(vinyl acetate)(PVAc) was grafted onto wheat straw by γ-irradiation to improve the compatibility between wheat straw and high-density polyethelene(PE).The grafting was proved by Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) s...Poly(vinyl acetate)(PVAc) was grafted onto wheat straw by γ-irradiation to improve the compatibility between wheat straw and high-density polyethelene(PE).The grafting was proved by Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) spectroscopy. The compact structure of wheat straw was loosened because the chemical bonds and crystalline structure were destructed by the γ-rays. The modified wheat straw needed less energy for thermal transition, as revealed by differential scanning calorimetry(DSC).Thermal analysis revealed that grafted PVAc acted as a protective barrier for the wheat straw and leads to an increase in maximum pyrolysis temperature. The crystallite size of grafted wheat straw decreased to 5.33 nm from 5.63 nm before irradiation. There were holes in melted form appeared on the surface of the grafted wheat straws.Both the grafted PVAc and irradiation are beneficial to lower the torque of wheat straw/PE melts and improve its mechanical properties by 36%. Possible mechanism of irradiation grafting was proposed.展开更多
The development of biochar-based granule-like adsorbents suitable for scaled-up application has been attracting increasing attention in the field of water treatment.Herein,a new formable porous granulated biochar load...The development of biochar-based granule-like adsorbents suitable for scaled-up application has been attracting increasing attention in the field of water treatment.Herein,a new formable porous granulated biochar loaded with La-Fe(hydr)oxides/montmorillonite(LaFe/MB)was fabricated via a granulation and pyrolysis process for enhanced phosphorus(P)removal from wastewater.Montmorillonite acted as a binder that increased the size of the granulated biochar,while the use of Fe promoted the surface charge and facilitated the dispersion of La,which was responsible for selective phosphate removal.LaFe/MB exhibited rapid phosphate adsorption kinetics and a high maximum adsorption capacity(Langmuir model,52.12 mg P g^(−1)),which were better than those of many existing granulated materials.The desorption and recyclability experiments showed that LaFe/MB could be regenerated,and maintained 76.7%of its initial phosphate adsorption capacity after four adsorption cycles.The high hydraulic endurance strength retention rate of the developed material(91.6%)suggested high practical applicability in actual wastewater.Electro-static attraction,surface precipitation,and inner-sphere complexation via ligand exchange were found to be involved in selective P removal over a wide pH range of 3-9.The thermodynamic parameters were determined,which revealed the feasibility and spontaneity of adsorption.Based on approximate site energy distribution analyses,high distribution frequency contributed to efficient P removal.The research results provide a new insight that LaFe/MB shows great application prospects for advanced phosphate removal from wastewater.展开更多
To study the endocytic activity of dendritic cells(DCs)by obtaining fusion protein HSP70-EGFP as exogenous antigen and loading it with DCs derived from human peripheral blood.Fusion protein HSP70-EGFP was prokaryotica...To study the endocytic activity of dendritic cells(DCs)by obtaining fusion protein HSP70-EGFP as exogenous antigen and loading it with DCs derived from human peripheral blood.Fusion protein HSP70-EGFP was prokaryotically expressed,isolated and purified.DCs were isolated and cultured from human peripheral blood.The DCs were divided into 3 groups in the endocytic experiment.There were 106 DCs in each group.Group 1 and 2 were respectively incubated for 30 min.with HSP70-EGFP and EGFP.Group 3 was incubated with HSP70 for 30 min,and then incubated for 30 min.with HSP70-EGFP.Subsequently,3 groups were placed in an incubator at 37℃for 0.5,1,2 and 24 h.Flow cytometry(FCM)was adopted to detect the amount of DCs with EGFP inside.IL-12 Eli-spot was adopted to detect the amount of DCs which secreted IL-12.There were 5 types in the experiment:LPS,inactive LPS,HSP70-EGFP,EGFP and no antigen.Fusion protein HSP70-EGFP was successfully obtained and its molecular weight was 97000.It accounted for 35.32%of the total protein.Under irradiation of an ultraviolet lamp,the protein solution sent out viridescent fluorescence.The result detected by FCM indicated that after incubation for 0.5 h at 37℃,the positive rate in group 1 was 63%,while the other 2 groups were negative.After incubation for 1,2 and 24 h at 37℃,the positive rates in the 3 groups were above 80%.The IL-12 Eli-spot examination shows that with HSP70-EGFP being loaded,the amount of DCs secreting IL-12 was 134.09±31.78/10^(5)cells,a little lower than that of DCs with LPS loaded(with the average point of 156.36±15.73).There was no significant difference between the 2 groups(P<0.01).By contrast,both of them were significantly higher than inactive LPS-(33.78±1.40)/10^(5)cells and EGFP-loaded(23.13±4.57)/105 cells DC groups in the amount of DCs secreting IL-12(P<0.01).The results suggest that receptor-mediated phagocytosis plays a main role in the preliminary stage of DCs internalizing HSP70-EGFP.With increasing incubation time,pinocytosis begins to dominate.HSP70-EGFP may promote DCs to secret cell factor IL-12.展开更多
基金Supported by Intelligent Medicine Research Project of Chongqing Medical University,No.ZHYX202109The Major Health Project of Chongqing Science and Technology Bureau,No.CSTC2021jscx-gksb-N0001+3 种基金Research and Innovation Team of Chongqing Medical University,No.W0088Joint Medical Research Project of Chongqing Municipal Health Commission and Chongqing Science and Technology Bureau,No.2020MSXM062National Key Research and Development Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China,No.2017YFC0211705Young Scientists Fund Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81502826.
文摘BACKGROUND The prevalence of glucolipid metabolic disorders(GLMDs)in children and adolescents has a recognized association with cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes mellitus in adulthood.Therefore,it is important to enhance our understanding of the risk factors for GLMD in childhood and adolescence.AIM To explore the relationship between quality of life(QoL)and adolescent GLMD.METHODS This study included 1956 samples in 2019 from a cohort study established in 2014.The QoL scale and glycolipid indexes were collected during follow-up;other covariates of perinatal factors,physical measures,and socioeconomic indicators were collected and adjusted.A generalized linear regression model and logistic regression model were used to analyse the correlation between QoL and GLMD.RESULTS Higher scores of QoL activity opportunity,learning ability and attitude,attitude towards doing homework,and living convenience domains correlated negatively with insulin and homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance(IR)levels.Psychosocial factors,QoL satisfaction factors,and total QoL scores had significant protective effects on insulin and IR levels.Activity opportunity,learning ability and attitude,attitude towards doing homework domains of QoL,psychosocial factor,and total score of QoL correlated positively with high density lipoprotein.In addition,the attitude towards doing homework domain was a protective factor for dyslipidaemia,IR>3,and increased fasting blood glucose;four factors,QoL and total QoL score correlated significantly negatively with IR>3.In subgroup analyses of sex,more domains of QoL correlated with insulin and triglyceride levels,dyslipidaemia,and IR>3 in females.Poor QoL was associated with an increased prevalence of GLMD,and the effect was more pronounced in males than in females.Measures to improve the QoL of adolescents are essential to reduce rates of GLMD.CONCLUSION Our study revealed that QoL scores mainly correlate negatively with the prevalence of GLMD in adolescents of the healthy population.The independent relationship between QoL and GLMD can be illustrated by adjusting for multiple covariates that may be associated with glycaemic index.In addition,among females,more QoL domains are associated with glycaemic index.
基金funded by the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Fund of Jiangsu Province[Grant/Award Number:CX(24)1008]Key Research and Development Program Project of Henan Province(251111110100)National State Science Foundation of China[Grant/Award Number:21808093].
文摘Long-time fermentation has always been one of the reasons restricting the development of straw biological pulping.This study aimed to develop a novel straw pulp film with shortened solid-state fermentation time with less than 20%mass loss rate by bio-pulping synergistic treatment of straw fibers with deep eutectic solvent(DES)and Streptomyces rochei(S.rochei).Results illustrated that at 3%S.rochei concentration with 7-day fermentation,both cellulose and hemicellulose enzyme activities of the treated rice straw fiber reached peak values with a fiber mass loss rate of 17.01%.Microstructural morphology revealed that S.rochei colonization initiated on straw surfaces and progressively penetrated internal structures,resulting in surface loosening and distinct disruption of cell wall tissues within vascular bundles in transverse sections.The treated rice straw strip indicated a maximum tensile strength of 46.22 MPa for(Bacteria)BA 3%at day 7,attributed to optimized synergistic effects of microfibril angle(MFA)and cellulose/hemicellulose relative content ratio.The modified straw pulp film exhibited significant enhancement in the tensile index(44.9%increase),burst index(10.3%increase),and tear index(60%increase)compared to untreated groups.This work demonstrated the important role ofDES and S.rochei bio-pulping synergistic treatment in improving rice straw pulp performance,suggesting an eco-friendly,novel,and efficient biomass pretreatment technology for potential application prospects in sustainable agricultural mulching materials.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32172384 and 31501623)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei (C2020204028)+1 种基金the Key Research and Development Project of Hebei Province (20326505D)the “Hundred Talents Program” for the Introduction of High-level Overseas Talents in Hebei Province (E2020100004)。
文摘Puccinia triticina(Pt), as the causal agent of wheat leaf rust, employs a plethora of effector proteins to modulate wheat immunity for successful colonization. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying Pt effector-mediated wheat susceptibility remains largely unexplored. In this study, an effector Pt_21 was identified to interact with the apoplast-localized wheat thaumatin-like protein TaTLP1 using a yeast two-hybrid assay and the Pt_21-TaTLP1 interaction was characterized. The interaction between Pt_21 and TaTLP1 was validated by in vivo co-immunoprecipitation assay. A TaTLP1 variant,TaTLP1C71A, that was identified by the site-directed mutagenesis failed to interact with Pt_21. Pt_21was able to suppress Bax-mediated cell death in leaves of Nicotiana benthamiana and inhibit TaTLP1-mediated antifungal activity. Furthermore, infiltration of recombinant protein Pt_21 into leaves of transgenic wheat line overexpressing TaTLP1 enhanced the disease development of leaf rust compared to that in wild-type leaves. These findings demonstrate that Pt_21 suppresses host defense response by directly targeting wheat TaTLP1 and inhibiting its antifungal activity, which broadens our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying Pt effector-mediated susceptibility in wheat.
基金Supported by the Collaborative Innovation of Meteorological Science and Technique in the Huang-Bohai Region (QYXM201801)the Science and Technique Funding from the Tianjin Meteorological Administration(202125ybxm10)National Science Foundation for Young Scientists of China(42105009)
文摘Currently,there is a lack of sufficient ocean meteorological data required for mesoscale weather predictions and fog characteristics analysis in the North China Sea.This study presents a methodology to supplement deficiencies in wind information in retrieval data from the Geostationary Interferometric Infrared Sounder(GIIRS)onboard the FengYun-4A(FY4A)satellite and analyze mesoscale weather characteristics.Atmospheric semi-geostrophic wind data were derived from semi-geostrophic theory to complete the weather elements in FY4AGIIRS retrieval data.First,the retrieval data accuracy was analyzed between L-band radiosonde data from seven stations and retrieval data from FY4AGIIRS.The errors in the temperature,humidity,and geopotential height from 850 to 400 hPa were smaller than those of other atmospheric layers.Subsequently,the mesoscale weather characteristics of a fog event were analyzed by creating a mesoscale weather map with derived weather information between 875 and 500 hPa.The analyses showed that the derived weather information might provide a new means for fog mesoscale characteristics analysis,which can help forecasters understand the spatial inhomogeneity in the visibility of fog events.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11605077)the Free Exploration Project for Youth Research of Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences(No.ZX(15)4012)
文摘Poly(vinyl acetate)(PVAc) was grafted onto wheat straw by γ-irradiation to improve the compatibility between wheat straw and high-density polyethelene(PE).The grafting was proved by Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) spectroscopy. The compact structure of wheat straw was loosened because the chemical bonds and crystalline structure were destructed by the γ-rays. The modified wheat straw needed less energy for thermal transition, as revealed by differential scanning calorimetry(DSC).Thermal analysis revealed that grafted PVAc acted as a protective barrier for the wheat straw and leads to an increase in maximum pyrolysis temperature. The crystallite size of grafted wheat straw decreased to 5.33 nm from 5.63 nm before irradiation. There were holes in melted form appeared on the surface of the grafted wheat straws.Both the grafted PVAc and irradiation are beneficial to lower the torque of wheat straw/PE melts and improve its mechanical properties by 36%. Possible mechanism of irradiation grafting was proposed.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFD1700805)National Natural Science Foundation of China(41807132,22078136,41877090)the Jiangsu Province Agricultural Independent Innovation Fund(CX(19)2003).
文摘The development of biochar-based granule-like adsorbents suitable for scaled-up application has been attracting increasing attention in the field of water treatment.Herein,a new formable porous granulated biochar loaded with La-Fe(hydr)oxides/montmorillonite(LaFe/MB)was fabricated via a granulation and pyrolysis process for enhanced phosphorus(P)removal from wastewater.Montmorillonite acted as a binder that increased the size of the granulated biochar,while the use of Fe promoted the surface charge and facilitated the dispersion of La,which was responsible for selective phosphate removal.LaFe/MB exhibited rapid phosphate adsorption kinetics and a high maximum adsorption capacity(Langmuir model,52.12 mg P g^(−1)),which were better than those of many existing granulated materials.The desorption and recyclability experiments showed that LaFe/MB could be regenerated,and maintained 76.7%of its initial phosphate adsorption capacity after four adsorption cycles.The high hydraulic endurance strength retention rate of the developed material(91.6%)suggested high practical applicability in actual wastewater.Electro-static attraction,surface precipitation,and inner-sphere complexation via ligand exchange were found to be involved in selective P removal over a wide pH range of 3-9.The thermodynamic parameters were determined,which revealed the feasibility and spontaneity of adsorption.Based on approximate site energy distribution analyses,high distribution frequency contributed to efficient P removal.The research results provide a new insight that LaFe/MB shows great application prospects for advanced phosphate removal from wastewater.
基金The study was supported by the General Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.30400167).
文摘To study the endocytic activity of dendritic cells(DCs)by obtaining fusion protein HSP70-EGFP as exogenous antigen and loading it with DCs derived from human peripheral blood.Fusion protein HSP70-EGFP was prokaryotically expressed,isolated and purified.DCs were isolated and cultured from human peripheral blood.The DCs were divided into 3 groups in the endocytic experiment.There were 106 DCs in each group.Group 1 and 2 were respectively incubated for 30 min.with HSP70-EGFP and EGFP.Group 3 was incubated with HSP70 for 30 min,and then incubated for 30 min.with HSP70-EGFP.Subsequently,3 groups were placed in an incubator at 37℃for 0.5,1,2 and 24 h.Flow cytometry(FCM)was adopted to detect the amount of DCs with EGFP inside.IL-12 Eli-spot was adopted to detect the amount of DCs which secreted IL-12.There were 5 types in the experiment:LPS,inactive LPS,HSP70-EGFP,EGFP and no antigen.Fusion protein HSP70-EGFP was successfully obtained and its molecular weight was 97000.It accounted for 35.32%of the total protein.Under irradiation of an ultraviolet lamp,the protein solution sent out viridescent fluorescence.The result detected by FCM indicated that after incubation for 0.5 h at 37℃,the positive rate in group 1 was 63%,while the other 2 groups were negative.After incubation for 1,2 and 24 h at 37℃,the positive rates in the 3 groups were above 80%.The IL-12 Eli-spot examination shows that with HSP70-EGFP being loaded,the amount of DCs secreting IL-12 was 134.09±31.78/10^(5)cells,a little lower than that of DCs with LPS loaded(with the average point of 156.36±15.73).There was no significant difference between the 2 groups(P<0.01).By contrast,both of them were significantly higher than inactive LPS-(33.78±1.40)/10^(5)cells and EGFP-loaded(23.13±4.57)/105 cells DC groups in the amount of DCs secreting IL-12(P<0.01).The results suggest that receptor-mediated phagocytosis plays a main role in the preliminary stage of DCs internalizing HSP70-EGFP.With increasing incubation time,pinocytosis begins to dominate.HSP70-EGFP may promote DCs to secret cell factor IL-12.
