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第2章 大气观测系统100年进步
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作者 杰弗里·斯蒂斯 DARREL BAUMGARDNER +9 位作者 JULIE HAGGERTY R.MICHAEL HARDESTY WEN-CHAU LEE DONALD LENSCHOW peter pilewskie PAUL L.SMITH MATTHIAS STEINER HOLGER V?MEL 贾朋群 李婧华 《气象科技进展》 2019年第S01期18-39,共22页
虽然在美国气象学会于1919年成立之前,大气观测系统已经是气象的重要组成部分,过去的100年里,无论是观测的数量还是种类都获得了稳定增加。本文给出了观测系统研发的案例,诠释这些系统如何促成了科学发现。这些案例包括了与边界层、高... 虽然在美国气象学会于1919年成立之前,大气观测系统已经是气象的重要组成部分,过去的100年里,无论是观测的数量还是种类都获得了稳定增加。本文给出了观测系统研发的案例,诠释这些系统如何促成了科学发现。这些案例包括了与边界层、高空、云和降水以及太阳和地球辐射相关的观测系统。对应用广泛的特殊观测系统,例如雷达、光达和研究用飞机等进行了讨论,并给出在天气和气候预报中应用的个例。这些个例中还包含了臭氧和二氧化碳等特殊的化学观测。观测系统的信息源,包括本文集其他章节涉及内容,也进行了讨论。过去100年大气观测系统的特征,是社会对天气观测的需求与大气过程基本气象研究需求之间的协同。在后半程里,观测系统的改进得到数值模式对更高分辨率数据、长期观测和更好的全球覆盖等不断增长需求的推进。这也带来数据获取和获得来自不断增加的各种观测系统类型和观测网的融合数据的需求,这样的趋势或将持续。 展开更多
关键词 观测系统 美国气象学会 气象研究 地球辐射 全球覆盖 天气观测 长期观测 信息源
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Preface to the Special Issue on the International Radiation Symposium 2024
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作者 Lei BI peter pilewskie 《Advances in Atmospheric Sciences》 2026年第2期263-264,共2页
The International Radiation Symposium(IRS) is a quadrennial symposium of the International Radiation Commission(IRC), one of the 11 commissions under the International Association of Meteorology and Atmospheric Scienc... The International Radiation Symposium(IRS) is a quadrennial symposium of the International Radiation Commission(IRC), one of the 11 commissions under the International Association of Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences(IAMAS).The role of the IRC is to promote fundamental research in atmospheric radiation and its applications to practical problems. 展开更多
关键词 international radiation fundamental research International Radiation Commission atmospheric radiation promote fundamental research atmospheric radiation international radiation symposium international radiation commission irc applications practical problems
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The Black Array of Broadband Absolute Radiometers Earth Radiation Imager: Science Requirements, Instrument Design,and Concept of Operations
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作者 Odele CODDINGTON Cameron STRAATSMA +29 位作者 Ginger DRAKE Kush TYAGI Michelle STEPHENS Chris YUNG Nathan TOMLIN John LEHMAN Chip BOLLENDONK Paris BUEDEL Katherine CATANI Beth CERVELLI Song CHANTHAVONG Tim CROWFOOT Graham DEAN Darren ERICKSON Wendy FRANK Adalyn FYHRIE David GATHRIGHT Scott GERWIG Julian GIESELER Dave HARBER Robert HAUN Chandika MAHARJAN Marc MILLER Glen OTZINGER peter pilewskie Mary RIDER Joel RUTKOWSKI David SUMMERS Weige WONG Wyatt ZAGOREC-MARKS 《Advances in Atmospheric Sciences》 2026年第2期336-360,共25页
The Black Array of Broadband Absolute Radiometers Earth Radiation Imager(BABAR-ERI) is a small, adaptable nadir-pointed pushbroom imager to measure Earth-leaving broadband radiance from 0.3 ??m to 100 ??m with higher ... The Black Array of Broadband Absolute Radiometers Earth Radiation Imager(BABAR-ERI) is a small, adaptable nadir-pointed pushbroom imager to measure Earth-leaving broadband radiance from 0.3 ??m to 100 ??m with higher information content than is currently measured by reducing radiometric uncertainty and enabling cloud-resolving spatial resolution. The three-instrument BABAR-ERI suite fits a 12U CubeSat form factor and contains co-registered science telescope channels for measuring shortwave(0.3 ??m to 4.5 ??m band) and total radiance(0.3 ??m to 100 ??m band), dualchannel on-board radiance stability monitors, and a visible-wavelength camera. Novel, 1 × 32 element, electricalsubstitution radiometer pixels image the shortwave and total radiance in 1 km × 1 km co-registered ground footprints;longwave radiance(4.5 ??m to 100 ??m band) is derived from subtraction of the shortwave and total radiance. The dualchannel onboard stability monitors are radiance standard detectors, and their measurements, acquired concurrently with the science telescopes and at much different duty cycles for the dual channels, will be used to track and correct the degradation of the science channels. The single-channel, mid-visible camera facilitates geolocation pointing knowledge and provides scene context information and sub-pixel variability to facilitate measurement stability studies and enable process-level science studies at high spatial resolution. The detectors for the science channels and stability monitors are absolute, ambienttemperature, micro-fabricated, electrical-substitution radiometers with near-perfect optical absorptance across the measurement range from vertically aligned carbon nanotubes. The BABAR-ERI science channels will be characterized over the full measurement range and for variable Earth scenes and deep space temperatures during extensive ground calibrations. 展开更多
关键词 CubeSat electrical-substitution radiometer 1-km footprint broadband radiance climate
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The International Radiation Symposium 2024
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作者 Andrew BUGGEE Mathew van den HEEVER peter pilewskie 《Advances in Atmospheric Sciences》 2026年第2期390-397,共8页
The International Radiation Commission held its quadrennial International Radiation Symposium(IRS) in Hangzhou,China, from 17-21 June 2024. A lively meeting of 276 scientists from 18 countries occurred at the Zhejiang... The International Radiation Commission held its quadrennial International Radiation Symposium(IRS) in Hangzhou,China, from 17-21 June 2024. A lively meeting of 276 scientists from 18 countries occurred at the Zhejiang Sanli New Century Grand Hotel. There were ten oral and two poster sessions covering a wide range of topics, from radiative transfer theory and modeling to particle radiative properties, solar UV radiation, and ground-based measurements. This summary is not an exhaustive overview but rather a broad sample of the many talks delivered at IRS. 展开更多
关键词 atmospheric radiation atmospheric remote sensing field observations
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