Objective:To compare pre-and post-radical prostatectomy(RP)responses in the urinary incontinence domain of Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite-26(EPIC-26)in cohorts from the USA,Norway and Spain.Methods:A prospec...Objective:To compare pre-and post-radical prostatectomy(RP)responses in the urinary incontinence domain of Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite-26(EPIC-26)in cohorts from the USA,Norway and Spain.Methods:A prospective study of pre-and 1-year post-treatment responses in American(nZ537),Norwegian(nZ520)and Spanish(nZ111)patients,establishing the prevalence of urinary incontinence defined according to published dichotomization.Thereafter we focused on the response alternatives“occasional dribbling”,pad use and problem experience.A multivariate logistic regression analysis(significance level≤0.01)considered risk factors for“not retaining total control”.展开更多
Mid-infrared(MIR)spectrometers are invaluable tools for molecular fingerprinting and hyper-spectral imaging.Among the available spectroscopic approaches,GHz MIR dual-comb absorption spectrometers have the potential to...Mid-infrared(MIR)spectrometers are invaluable tools for molecular fingerprinting and hyper-spectral imaging.Among the available spectroscopic approaches,GHz MIR dual-comb absorption spectrometers have the potential to simultaneously combine the high-speed,high spectral resolution,and broad optical bandwidth needed to accurately study complex,transient events in chemistry,combustion,and microscopy.However,such a spectrometer has not yet been demonstrated due to the lack of GHz MIR frequency combs with broad and full spectral coverage.Here,we introduce the first broadband MIR frequency comb laser platform at 1 GHz repetition rate that achieves spectral coverage from 3 to 13 μm.This frequency comb is based on a commercially available 1.56 μm mode-locked laser,robust all-fiber Er amplifiers and intra-pulse difference frequency generation(IP-DFG)of few-cycle pulses in x(2)nonlinear crystals.When used in a dual comb spectroscopy(DCS)configuration,this source will simultaneously enable measurements with μs time resolution,1 GHz(0.03 cm-1)spectral point spacing and a full bandwidth of>5 THz(>166 cm-1)anywhere within the MIR atmospheric windows.This represents a unique spectroscopic resource for characterizing fast and non-repetitive events that are currently inaccessible with other sources.展开更多
基金The study was funded by a grant from Health-RegionSouth. East, Norway (No. 8324).
文摘Objective:To compare pre-and post-radical prostatectomy(RP)responses in the urinary incontinence domain of Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite-26(EPIC-26)in cohorts from the USA,Norway and Spain.Methods:A prospective study of pre-and 1-year post-treatment responses in American(nZ537),Norwegian(nZ520)and Spanish(nZ111)patients,establishing the prevalence of urinary incontinence defined according to published dichotomization.Thereafter we focused on the response alternatives“occasional dribbling”,pad use and problem experience.A multivariate logistic regression analysis(significance level≤0.01)considered risk factors for“not retaining total control”.
基金Thanks to NSF 2019195,Defense Advanced Research Project Agency(W31P4Q-15-1-0011)AirForceOffceof ScientificResearch(FA9550-20-1-0328and FA9550-16-1-0016)NISTfor fundingas wellas Daniel Herman,Kristina Chang,Franklyn Quinlan and lan.Coddington for their contributions and comments on this manuscript.We thank P.Schunemann and K.Zawilski at BAE forprovidingtheCSPandOP-GaPcrystals.
文摘Mid-infrared(MIR)spectrometers are invaluable tools for molecular fingerprinting and hyper-spectral imaging.Among the available spectroscopic approaches,GHz MIR dual-comb absorption spectrometers have the potential to simultaneously combine the high-speed,high spectral resolution,and broad optical bandwidth needed to accurately study complex,transient events in chemistry,combustion,and microscopy.However,such a spectrometer has not yet been demonstrated due to the lack of GHz MIR frequency combs with broad and full spectral coverage.Here,we introduce the first broadband MIR frequency comb laser platform at 1 GHz repetition rate that achieves spectral coverage from 3 to 13 μm.This frequency comb is based on a commercially available 1.56 μm mode-locked laser,robust all-fiber Er amplifiers and intra-pulse difference frequency generation(IP-DFG)of few-cycle pulses in x(2)nonlinear crystals.When used in a dual comb spectroscopy(DCS)configuration,this source will simultaneously enable measurements with μs time resolution,1 GHz(0.03 cm-1)spectral point spacing and a full bandwidth of>5 THz(>166 cm-1)anywhere within the MIR atmospheric windows.This represents a unique spectroscopic resource for characterizing fast and non-repetitive events that are currently inaccessible with other sources.
