The Ensemble Transformation(ET)method and its variation ET-based Sensitivity(ETS)method have been used in adaptive observation studies.However,the solution of the ensemble transformation matrix in the ET and ETS metho...The Ensemble Transformation(ET)method and its variation ET-based Sensitivity(ETS)method have been used in adaptive observation studies.However,the solution of the ensemble transformation matrix in the ET and ETS methods is not unique.A general mathematical formulation for the ensemble transformation matrix is derived and then a generalized equation for the ETS method is derived.It is proved that the previous ETS formulation is a special implementation of the newly derived general formulation.Another practicable implementation of the general ETS formulation that avoids calculating the inverse of some matrices is proposed.This ETS implementation showed physically reasonable statistical sensitivity regions for improving 1–3 day weather forecasts over eastern regions of U.S.A and Beijing region,China.展开更多
The recent Nature Water article,“To Solve Climate Change,We Need to Restore Our Sponge Planet,”by Kongjian Yu,Erica Gies,and Warren W.Wood[1],makes a compelling case for recalibrating climate strategies to prioritiz...The recent Nature Water article,“To Solve Climate Change,We Need to Restore Our Sponge Planet,”by Kongjian Yu,Erica Gies,and Warren W.Wood[1],makes a compelling case for recalibrating climate strategies to prioritize the water cycle alongside reducing carbon emissions.The authors highlight how human activities-agriculture,urbanization,and industrialization-have degraded 75%of the earth’s land,severely disrupting natural water systems.This degradation diminishes the planet’s capacity to regulate temperature through water vapor,cloud formation,and the hydrological cycle,further accelerating climate instability.展开更多
The 2024 Climate Design Summit,held on October 29,2024,emphasized the importance of interdisciplinary approaches in tackling climate change challenges.Experts from architecture,engineering,and environmental science ga...The 2024 Climate Design Summit,held on October 29,2024,emphasized the importance of interdisciplinary approaches in tackling climate change challenges.Experts from architecture,engineering,and environmental science gathered to discuss sustainable solutions for mitigating climate disasters like floods,wildfires,and droughts.The summit advocated for crossdisciplinary solutions that integrate Nature-based Solutions as catalysts for climate resilience and are essential for long-term sustainability,and stressed that no single technical solution can address the complexity of climate issues.Successful case studies were highlighted as examples of how design can address both climate resilience and socio-economic challenges.The gathered insights and discussions on this summit reinforced that achieving climate resilience requires a holistic approach that blends scientific innovation,sustainable design,and community empowerment,and underlined the need for collaboration across disciplines and sectors to build resilient cities and infrastructures.展开更多
文摘The Ensemble Transformation(ET)method and its variation ET-based Sensitivity(ETS)method have been used in adaptive observation studies.However,the solution of the ensemble transformation matrix in the ET and ETS methods is not unique.A general mathematical formulation for the ensemble transformation matrix is derived and then a generalized equation for the ETS method is derived.It is proved that the previous ETS formulation is a special implementation of the newly derived general formulation.Another practicable implementation of the general ETS formulation that avoids calculating the inverse of some matrices is proposed.This ETS implementation showed physically reasonable statistical sensitivity regions for improving 1–3 day weather forecasts over eastern regions of U.S.A and Beijing region,China.
文摘The recent Nature Water article,“To Solve Climate Change,We Need to Restore Our Sponge Planet,”by Kongjian Yu,Erica Gies,and Warren W.Wood[1],makes a compelling case for recalibrating climate strategies to prioritize the water cycle alongside reducing carbon emissions.The authors highlight how human activities-agriculture,urbanization,and industrialization-have degraded 75%of the earth’s land,severely disrupting natural water systems.This degradation diminishes the planet’s capacity to regulate temperature through water vapor,cloud formation,and the hydrological cycle,further accelerating climate instability.
文摘The 2024 Climate Design Summit,held on October 29,2024,emphasized the importance of interdisciplinary approaches in tackling climate change challenges.Experts from architecture,engineering,and environmental science gathered to discuss sustainable solutions for mitigating climate disasters like floods,wildfires,and droughts.The summit advocated for crossdisciplinary solutions that integrate Nature-based Solutions as catalysts for climate resilience and are essential for long-term sustainability,and stressed that no single technical solution can address the complexity of climate issues.Successful case studies were highlighted as examples of how design can address both climate resilience and socio-economic challenges.The gathered insights and discussions on this summit reinforced that achieving climate resilience requires a holistic approach that blends scientific innovation,sustainable design,and community empowerment,and underlined the need for collaboration across disciplines and sectors to build resilient cities and infrastructures.
