Phase is an intrinsic property of light,and thus a crucial parameter across numerous applications in modern optics.Various methods exist for measuring the phase of light,each presenting challenges and limitationsfrom ...Phase is an intrinsic property of light,and thus a crucial parameter across numerous applications in modern optics.Various methods exist for measuring the phase of light,each presenting challenges and limitationsfrom the mechanical stability requirements of free-space interferometers to the computational complexity usually associated with methods based on spatial light modulators.Here,we utilize a passive photonic integrated circuit to spatially probe phase and intensity distributions of free-space light beams.Phase information is encoded into intensity through a set of passive on-chip interferometers,allowing conventional detectors to retrieve the phase profile of light through single-shot intensity measurements.Furthermore,we use silicon nitride as a material platform for the waveguide architecture,facilitating multi-spectral utilization in the visible spectral range.Our approach for fast,multi-spectral,and spatially resolved measurement of intensity and phase enables a wide variety of potential applications,ranging from microscopy to free-space optical communication.展开更多
The electromagnetic field scattered by nano-objects contains a broad range of wavevectors and can be efficiently coupled to waveguided modes.The dominant contribution to scattering from subwavelength dielectric and pl...The electromagnetic field scattered by nano-objects contains a broad range of wavevectors and can be efficiently coupled to waveguided modes.The dominant contribution to scattering from subwavelength dielectric and plasmonic nanoparticles is determined by electric and magnetic dipolar responses.Here,we experimentally demonstrate spectral and phase selective excitation of Janus dipoles,sources with electric and magnetic dipoles oscillating out of phase,in order to control near-field interference and directional coupling to waveguides.We show that by controlling the polarisation state of the dipolar excitations and the excitation wavelength to adjust their relative contributions,directionality and coupling strength can be fully tuned.Furthermore,we introduce a novel spinning Janus dipole featuring cylindrical symmetry in the near and far field,which results in either omnidirectional coupling or noncoupling.Controlling the propagation of guided light waves via fast and robust near-field interference between polarisation components of a source is required in many applications in nanophotonics and quantum optics.展开更多
Measuring the aberrations of optical systems is an essential step in the fabrication of high precision optical components.Such a characterization is usually based on comparing the device under investigation with a cal...Measuring the aberrations of optical systems is an essential step in the fabrication of high precision optical components.Such a characterization is usually based on comparing the device under investigation with a calibrated reference object.However,when working at the cutting-edge of technology,it is increasingly difficult to provide an even better or well-known reference device.In this manuscript we present a method for the characterization of high numerical aperture microscope objectives,functioning without the need of calibrated reference optics.The technique constitutes a nanoparticle,acting as a dipole-like scatterer,that is placed in the focal volume of the microscope objective.The light that is scattered by the particle can be measured individually and serves as the reference wave in our system.Utilizing the well-characterized scattered light as nearly perfect reference wave is the main idea behind this manuscript.展开更多
We investigate the linear momentum density of light, which can be decomposed into spin and orbital parts, in the complex three-dimensional field distributions of tightly focused vortex segmented beams. The chosen angu...We investigate the linear momentum density of light, which can be decomposed into spin and orbital parts, in the complex three-dimensional field distributions of tightly focused vortex segmented beams. The chosen angular spectrum exhibits two spatially separated vortices of opposite charge and orthogonal circular polarization to generate phase vortices in a meridional plane of observation. In the vicinity of those vortices, regions of negative orbital linear momentum occur. Besides these phase vortices, the occurrence of transverse orbital angular momentum manifests in a vortex charge-dependent relative shift of the energy density and linear momentum density.展开更多
基金Bundesministerium fur Arbeit und Wirtschaft(CDL-SMBS)Osterreichische Nationalstiftung fir Forschung,Technologie und Entwicklung(CDL-SMBS)Christian Doppler Forschungsgesellschaft(CDL-SMBS).
文摘Phase is an intrinsic property of light,and thus a crucial parameter across numerous applications in modern optics.Various methods exist for measuring the phase of light,each presenting challenges and limitationsfrom the mechanical stability requirements of free-space interferometers to the computational complexity usually associated with methods based on spatial light modulators.Here,we utilize a passive photonic integrated circuit to spatially probe phase and intensity distributions of free-space light beams.Phase information is encoded into intensity through a set of passive on-chip interferometers,allowing conventional detectors to retrieve the phase profile of light through single-shot intensity measurements.Furthermore,we use silicon nitride as a material platform for the waveguide architecture,facilitating multi-spectral utilization in the visible spectral range.Our approach for fast,multi-spectral,and spatially resolved measurement of intensity and phase enables a wide variety of potential applications,ranging from microscopy to free-space optical communication.
基金supported by European Research Council Starting Grant ERC-2016-STG-714151-PSINFONI,EPSRC(UK)ERC iCOMM project(789340)support from the Royal Society and the Wolfson Foundation.
文摘The electromagnetic field scattered by nano-objects contains a broad range of wavevectors and can be efficiently coupled to waveguided modes.The dominant contribution to scattering from subwavelength dielectric and plasmonic nanoparticles is determined by electric and magnetic dipolar responses.Here,we experimentally demonstrate spectral and phase selective excitation of Janus dipoles,sources with electric and magnetic dipoles oscillating out of phase,in order to control near-field interference and directional coupling to waveguides.We show that by controlling the polarisation state of the dipolar excitations and the excitation wavelength to adjust their relative contributions,directionality and coupling strength can be fully tuned.Furthermore,we introduce a novel spinning Janus dipole featuring cylindrical symmetry in the near and far field,which results in either omnidirectional coupling or noncoupling.Controlling the propagation of guided light waves via fast and robust near-field interference between polarisation components of a source is required in many applications in nanophotonics and quantum optics.
文摘Measuring the aberrations of optical systems is an essential step in the fabrication of high precision optical components.Such a characterization is usually based on comparing the device under investigation with a calibrated reference object.However,when working at the cutting-edge of technology,it is increasingly difficult to provide an even better or well-known reference device.In this manuscript we present a method for the characterization of high numerical aperture microscope objectives,functioning without the need of calibrated reference optics.The technique constitutes a nanoparticle,acting as a dipole-like scatterer,that is placed in the focal volume of the microscope objective.The light that is scattered by the particle can be measured individually and serves as the reference wave in our system.Utilizing the well-characterized scattered light as nearly perfect reference wave is the main idea behind this manuscript.
文摘We investigate the linear momentum density of light, which can be decomposed into spin and orbital parts, in the complex three-dimensional field distributions of tightly focused vortex segmented beams. The chosen angular spectrum exhibits two spatially separated vortices of opposite charge and orthogonal circular polarization to generate phase vortices in a meridional plane of observation. In the vicinity of those vortices, regions of negative orbital linear momentum occur. Besides these phase vortices, the occurrence of transverse orbital angular momentum manifests in a vortex charge-dependent relative shift of the energy density and linear momentum density.
