In order to efficiently and realistically capture microscopic features of fluid surface,a fast and stable surface feature simulation approach for particle-based fluids is presented in this paper.This method employs a ...In order to efficiently and realistically capture microscopic features of fluid surface,a fast and stable surface feature simulation approach for particle-based fluids is presented in this paper.This method employs a steady tension and adhesion model to construct surface features with the consideration of the adsorption effect of fluid to solid.Molecular cohesion and surface area minimization are appended for surface tension,and adhesion is added to better show the microscopic characteristics of fluid surface.Besides,the model is integrated to an implicit incompressible smoothed particle hydrodynamics(SPH)method to improve the efficiency and stability of simulation.The experimental results demonstrate that the method can better simulates surface features in a variety of scenarios stably and efficiently.展开更多
Pterostilbene(PT),a lipid-soluble polyphenol known for its antioxidant,anticancer,and various other biological properties,holds potential as an active ingredient in cosmetics for its anti-wrinkle and skin-whitening ef...Pterostilbene(PT),a lipid-soluble polyphenol known for its antioxidant,anticancer,and various other biological properties,holds potential as an active ingredient in cosmetics for its anti-wrinkle and skin-whitening effects.However,its application is limited by its low water solubility and poor penetration through the stratum corneum.To address these limitations,this study initially prepared Pterostilbene nanoliposomes(PT-NLPs)using a high shear-microjet homogenization treatment method,because of the distinctive hydrophilic and hydrophilic properties of the liposomes.The stability under different storage conditions of the PT-NLPs was evaluated by investigating the alterations of the particle size,PDI,Zeta potential and surface morphology,combined with the test results of Lumisizer stability analyzer.Finally,the comprehensive performance of PT-NLPs was evaluated through in vitro dermal and transdermal testing,human testing,and instrument testing.The results showed that the PT-NLPs treated by the high shear-microjet homogenisation method proposed in this paper possessed a 1.7-fold increase in the retention performance compared with the free PT solution,and no penetration occurred on the blood-brain barrier,indicating that PT-NLPs would not cause toxicity to the organism.The human efficacy evaluation found that the PT-NLPs whitening serum could improve skin dullness,brighten skin tone,and improve skin sensitivity after 14 days of use.The high shear-microjet homogenisation method proposed in this paper for the treatment of PT-NLPs improved the transdermal delivery properties of PT.The process has a broad application prospect in the fields of medicine and cosmetics.展开更多
The effects of radiofrequency(RF)heating on the activity,structure,and surface hydrophobicity of mushroom polyphenol oxidase(PPO)were examined and four kinetic models of inactivation(First-order model,Weibull model,Lo...The effects of radiofrequency(RF)heating on the activity,structure,and surface hydrophobicity of mushroom polyphenol oxidase(PPO)were examined and four kinetic models of inactivation(First-order model,Weibull model,Logistic model and Bi-phasic model)were fitted.The results demonstrated that RF heating could effectively inactivate PPO,logistic and Bi-phasic model attained the best fit.The circular dichroism(CD)and fluorescence spectroscopy spectra revealed that RF heating at 65℃ for 180 s caused changes in the secondary and tertiary structures of PPO,reducing the α-helix content from 38.5% to 30.3% and red-shifting the emission peak wavelength of the maximum fluorescence intensity from 318 nm to 321 nm.RF heating also caused a significant enhancement of the surface hydrophobicity of the PPO(P<0.05).The color test results showed that RF heating could inhibit the browning of mushrooms(P<0.05).Thus,RF heating is an effective technique for the inactivation of enzymes and further research should be performed on RF heating applications to inactivate enzymes in the food industry.展开更多
Hydrodesulfiirization(HDS)of thiophene,as a gasoline model oil,over an industrial Ni-Mo/Al2O3 catalyst was investigated in a continuous system under microwave irradiation.The HDS efficiency was much higher(5%-14%)unde...Hydrodesulfiirization(HDS)of thiophene,as a gasoline model oil,over an industrial Ni-Mo/Al2O3 catalyst was investigated in a continuous system under microwave irradiation.The HDS efficiency was much higher(5%-14%)under microwave irradiation than conventional heating.It was proved that the reaction was enhanced by both microwave thermal and non-thermal effects.Microwave selective heating caused hot spots inside the catalyst,thus improved the reaction rate.From the analysis of the non-thermal effect,the molecular collisions were significantly increased under microwave irradiation.However,instead of being reduced,the apparent activation energy increased.This may be due to the microwave treatment hindering the adsorption though upright S-bind(η1)and enhancing the parallel adsorption(η5),both adsorptions were considered to favor to the direct desulfurization route and the hydrogenation route respectively.Therefore,the HDS process was considered to proceed along the hydrogenation route under microwave irradiation.展开更多
Catalytic hydrodesulfurization(HDS)technique is widely used for clean gasoline production.However,traditional HDS catalyst(CoMo/γ-Al_(2)O_(3))exhibits high hydrogenation performance of olefins(HYDO),resulting in the ...Catalytic hydrodesulfurization(HDS)technique is widely used for clean gasoline production.However,traditional HDS catalyst(CoMo/γ-Al_(2)O_(3))exhibits high hydrogenation performance of olefins(HYDO),resulting in the loss of gasoline octane number.To achieve high HDS/HYDO ratio,the key issue is to reduce the interaction between active metals and the support,therefore,in this research,the modified CoMo/γ-Al_(2)O_(3)catalysts with various boron amounts were investigated under traditional or microwave heating.The effects of preparing methods as well as boron amounts on the active phase,acidic properties and HDS catalytic activities were examined.Results show that the modification,especially under microwave treatment,can significantly weaken the interaction between the active component and the support by enlarging the surface area and pore diameter,and reducing the acidity of the support.As a result,the stacking numbers of MoS_(2) slabs were obviously improved by the modification and microwave treatment,contributing to higher edge/rim ratio,and resulting in higher HDS performance and selectivity to olefin.展开更多
Background:Despite significant strides in lung cancer immunotherapy,the response rates for Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog(KRAS)-driven lung adenocarcinoma(LUAD)patients remain limited.Fibrinogen-like prote...Background:Despite significant strides in lung cancer immunotherapy,the response rates for Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog(KRAS)-driven lung adenocarcinoma(LUAD)patients remain limited.Fibrinogen-like protein 1(FGL1)is a newly identified immune checkpoint target,and the study of related resistance mechanisms is crucial for improving the treatment outcomes of LUAD patients.This study aimed to elucidate the potential mechanism by which FGL1 regulates the tumor microenvironment in KRAS-mutated cancer.Methods:The expression levels of FGL1 and SET1 histone methyltransferase(SET1A)in lung cancer were assessed using public databases and clinical sam-ples.Lentiviruses were constructed for transduction to overexpress or silence FGL1 in lung cancer cells and mouse models.The effects of FGL1 and Yes-associated protein(Yap)on the immunoreactivity of cytotoxic T cells in tumor tissues were evaluated using immunofluorescence staining and flow cytometry.Chromatin immunoprecipitation and dual luciferase reporter assays were used to study the SET1A-directed transcriptional program.Results:Upregulation of FGL1 expression in KRAS-mutated cancer was inversely correlated with the infiltration of CD8^(+)T cells.Mechanistically,KRAS activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2(ERK1/2),which subsequently phosphorylated SET1A and increased its stability and nuclear localization.SET1A-mediated methylation of Yap led to Yap sequestration in the nucleus,thereby promoting Yap-induced transcription of FGL1 and immune evasion in KRAS-driven LUAD.Notably,dual blockade of programmed cell death-1(PD-1)and FGL1 further increased the therapeutic efficacy of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in LUAD patients.Conclusion:FGL1 could be used as a diagnostic biomarker of KRAS-mutated lung cancer,and targeting the Yap-FGL1 axis could increase the efficacy of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy.展开更多
Parvovirus B19(B19V)infection can cause pure red cell aplasia(PRCA)in patients with human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)infection.Intravenous immunoglobulin(IVIG)is a preferred treatment option.From July 2019 to March 20...Parvovirus B19(B19V)infection can cause pure red cell aplasia(PRCA)in patients with human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)infection.Intravenous immunoglobulin(IVIG)is a preferred treatment option.From July 2019 to March 2022,four patients with HIV infection were admitted to Guangzhou Eighth People’s Hospital with dizziness and fatigue and were diagnosed with PRCA.Blood investigations revealed severe anemia and the B19V genome.Therefore,the four patients were diagnosed with B19V-induced PRCA.All four patients received red blood cell transfusion in the setting of antiretroviral therapy,and two of the four patients received intravenous immunoglobulin(IVIG).After 3-7 months of treatment,all four patients recovered,although two did not receive IVIG.This suggests that IVIG is not always necessary for the treatment of PRCA in patients with HIV infection and that effective antiretroviral therapy and immunological reconstitution play an important role in the eradication of parvovirus.展开更多
The increase in emerging and reemerging infectious diseases has underscored the need for the prompt monitoring of intact infectious viruses and the quick assessment of their infectivity.However,molecular techniques ca...The increase in emerging and reemerging infectious diseases has underscored the need for the prompt monitoring of intact infectious viruses and the quick assessment of their infectivity.However,molecular techniques cannot distinguish between intact infectious and noninfectious viruses.Here,two distinct methodologies have been developed for the expeditious and dependable quantification of intact infectious H1N1 virus,and several experiments have been conducted to substantiate their efficacy.One is an integrated cell absorption quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qPCR)method(ICA-qPCR),and the other is a combined propidium monoazide qPCR method(PMA-qPCR).The quantification limit is 100 cell culture infective dose 50%(CCID50)/mL in ICA-qPCR following a 1.5-hour cell absorption or 126 CCID50/mL after a 15-minute incubation.For PMA-qPCR,the limit was 2,512 CCID50/mL.The number of genome copies quantified by the ICA-qPCR and PMA-qPCR methods was strongly correlated with the infectious titer determined by the CCID50 assay,thereby enabling the estimation of virus infectivity.The ICA-qPCR and PMA-qPCR methods are both suitable for the identification and quantification of intact infectious H1N1 virus in inactivated samples,wastewater,and biological materials.In conclusion,the ICA-qPCR and PMA-qPCR methods have distinct advantages and disadvantages,and can be used to quantify intact infectious viruses rapidly.These methodologies can facilitate the identification of the presence of intact infectious viruses in wastewater or on pathogen-related physical surfaces in high-level biosafety laboratories and medical facilities.Furthermore,these methodologies can also be utilized to detect other highly pathogenic pathogens.展开更多
Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris spores have strong stress resistance,and their spores cannot be eliminated by pasteurization,which is considered a major threat to the beverage industry.In this study,based on the spor...Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris spores have strong stress resistance,and their spores cannot be eliminated by pasteurization,which is considered a major threat to the beverage industry.In this study,based on the spore control strategy of“germinate to eradicate”,the spores were germinated by multi-frequency thermosonication(MFTS)combined with germinant.The process parameters were optimized,and the underlying mechanism was explored.The results showed that when A.acidoterrestris spores were treated with MFTS(60℃,20/40/50 kHz)and 300 mM AGFK for 30 min,incubated at 45℃for 2 h,and heated to 80℃for 20 min,a maximum 1.4±0.04 log reduction can be achieved.The spores showed the darkest phase and the best germination effect after MFTS treatment,but leakage of proteins and electrolytes inside the spores were also caused.The surface of the vegetative cells formed by spore after MFTS treatment shrank extensively,and the shape was irregular.Spore resistance was reduced,making them more likely to die after pasteurization.This study could provide theoretical evidence for the technological innovation and practical application of A.acidoterrestris spores hazard control in the beverage industry.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61873299,61702036,61572075)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(FRF-TP-17-012A1)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2017M620619)
文摘In order to efficiently and realistically capture microscopic features of fluid surface,a fast and stable surface feature simulation approach for particle-based fluids is presented in this paper.This method employs a steady tension and adhesion model to construct surface features with the consideration of the adsorption effect of fluid to solid.Molecular cohesion and surface area minimization are appended for surface tension,and adhesion is added to better show the microscopic characteristics of fluid surface.Besides,the model is integrated to an implicit incompressible smoothed particle hydrodynamics(SPH)method to improve the efficiency and stability of simulation.The experimental results demonstrate that the method can better simulates surface features in a variety of scenarios stably and efficiently.
基金supported by the Guangdong Provincial University Key Area Project[grant numbers 2023ZDZX4136]the Guangdong Provincial University Innovation Team Project[grant numbers 2023KCXTD085]+1 种基金the Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Strategy Special Fund[grant numbers pdjh2022b1046]the Student Scientific Research Project of Jiangmen Polytechnic[grant numbers jzxsky20230102]。
文摘Pterostilbene(PT),a lipid-soluble polyphenol known for its antioxidant,anticancer,and various other biological properties,holds potential as an active ingredient in cosmetics for its anti-wrinkle and skin-whitening effects.However,its application is limited by its low water solubility and poor penetration through the stratum corneum.To address these limitations,this study initially prepared Pterostilbene nanoliposomes(PT-NLPs)using a high shear-microjet homogenization treatment method,because of the distinctive hydrophilic and hydrophilic properties of the liposomes.The stability under different storage conditions of the PT-NLPs was evaluated by investigating the alterations of the particle size,PDI,Zeta potential and surface morphology,combined with the test results of Lumisizer stability analyzer.Finally,the comprehensive performance of PT-NLPs was evaluated through in vitro dermal and transdermal testing,human testing,and instrument testing.The results showed that the PT-NLPs treated by the high shear-microjet homogenisation method proposed in this paper possessed a 1.7-fold increase in the retention performance compared with the free PT solution,and no penetration occurred on the blood-brain barrier,indicating that PT-NLPs would not cause toxicity to the organism.The human efficacy evaluation found that the PT-NLPs whitening serum could improve skin dullness,brighten skin tone,and improve skin sensitivity after 14 days of use.The high shear-microjet homogenisation method proposed in this paper for the treatment of PT-NLPs improved the transdermal delivery properties of PT.The process has a broad application prospect in the fields of medicine and cosmetics.
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program Subproject of China(2017YFD0401203-01).
文摘The effects of radiofrequency(RF)heating on the activity,structure,and surface hydrophobicity of mushroom polyphenol oxidase(PPO)were examined and four kinetic models of inactivation(First-order model,Weibull model,Logistic model and Bi-phasic model)were fitted.The results demonstrated that RF heating could effectively inactivate PPO,logistic and Bi-phasic model attained the best fit.The circular dichroism(CD)and fluorescence spectroscopy spectra revealed that RF heating at 65℃ for 180 s caused changes in the secondary and tertiary structures of PPO,reducing the α-helix content from 38.5% to 30.3% and red-shifting the emission peak wavelength of the maximum fluorescence intensity from 318 nm to 321 nm.RF heating also caused a significant enhancement of the surface hydrophobicity of the PPO(P<0.05).The color test results showed that RF heating could inhibit the browning of mushrooms(P<0.05).Thus,RF heating is an effective technique for the inactivation of enzymes and further research should be performed on RF heating applications to inactivate enzymes in the food industry.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.21476258).
文摘Hydrodesulfiirization(HDS)of thiophene,as a gasoline model oil,over an industrial Ni-Mo/Al2O3 catalyst was investigated in a continuous system under microwave irradiation.The HDS efficiency was much higher(5%-14%)under microwave irradiation than conventional heating.It was proved that the reaction was enhanced by both microwave thermal and non-thermal effects.Microwave selective heating caused hot spots inside the catalyst,thus improved the reaction rate.From the analysis of the non-thermal effect,the molecular collisions were significantly increased under microwave irradiation.However,instead of being reduced,the apparent activation energy increased.This may be due to the microwave treatment hindering the adsorption though upright S-bind(η1)and enhancing the parallel adsorption(η5),both adsorptions were considered to favor to the direct desulfurization route and the hydrogenation route respectively.Therefore,the HDS process was considered to proceed along the hydrogenation route under microwave irradiation.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.21476258).
文摘Catalytic hydrodesulfurization(HDS)technique is widely used for clean gasoline production.However,traditional HDS catalyst(CoMo/γ-Al_(2)O_(3))exhibits high hydrogenation performance of olefins(HYDO),resulting in the loss of gasoline octane number.To achieve high HDS/HYDO ratio,the key issue is to reduce the interaction between active metals and the support,therefore,in this research,the modified CoMo/γ-Al_(2)O_(3)catalysts with various boron amounts were investigated under traditional or microwave heating.The effects of preparing methods as well as boron amounts on the active phase,acidic properties and HDS catalytic activities were examined.Results show that the modification,especially under microwave treatment,can significantly weaken the interaction between the active component and the support by enlarging the surface area and pore diameter,and reducing the acidity of the support.As a result,the stacking numbers of MoS_(2) slabs were obviously improved by the modification and microwave treatment,contributing to higher edge/rim ratio,and resulting in higher HDS performance and selectivity to olefin.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China Youth Project 82002450(to H.Q.)The Research Program for Higher Education Institutions in Anhui Province 2022AH030081(to S.Z.)+1 种基金Basic and Clinical Collaboration Enhancement Program of Anhui Medical University 2020xkjT023(to H.Q.)The Research Program for Higher Education Institutions in Anhui Province 2023AH050656(to H.Q.).
文摘Background:Despite significant strides in lung cancer immunotherapy,the response rates for Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog(KRAS)-driven lung adenocarcinoma(LUAD)patients remain limited.Fibrinogen-like protein 1(FGL1)is a newly identified immune checkpoint target,and the study of related resistance mechanisms is crucial for improving the treatment outcomes of LUAD patients.This study aimed to elucidate the potential mechanism by which FGL1 regulates the tumor microenvironment in KRAS-mutated cancer.Methods:The expression levels of FGL1 and SET1 histone methyltransferase(SET1A)in lung cancer were assessed using public databases and clinical sam-ples.Lentiviruses were constructed for transduction to overexpress or silence FGL1 in lung cancer cells and mouse models.The effects of FGL1 and Yes-associated protein(Yap)on the immunoreactivity of cytotoxic T cells in tumor tissues were evaluated using immunofluorescence staining and flow cytometry.Chromatin immunoprecipitation and dual luciferase reporter assays were used to study the SET1A-directed transcriptional program.Results:Upregulation of FGL1 expression in KRAS-mutated cancer was inversely correlated with the infiltration of CD8^(+)T cells.Mechanistically,KRAS activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2(ERK1/2),which subsequently phosphorylated SET1A and increased its stability and nuclear localization.SET1A-mediated methylation of Yap led to Yap sequestration in the nucleus,thereby promoting Yap-induced transcription of FGL1 and immune evasion in KRAS-driven LUAD.Notably,dual blockade of programmed cell death-1(PD-1)and FGL1 further increased the therapeutic efficacy of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in LUAD patients.Conclusion:FGL1 could be used as a diagnostic biomarker of KRAS-mutated lung cancer,and targeting the Yap-FGL1 axis could increase the efficacy of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy.
基金Guangzhou Basic Research Program on People’s Livelihood Science and Technology(202002020005)National Natural Science Foundation of China(82072265)+1 种基金Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province(2021B1212040017)Sun Yat-sen University Founded Program(2022_76220_B21127)。
文摘Parvovirus B19(B19V)infection can cause pure red cell aplasia(PRCA)in patients with human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)infection.Intravenous immunoglobulin(IVIG)is a preferred treatment option.From July 2019 to March 2022,four patients with HIV infection were admitted to Guangzhou Eighth People’s Hospital with dizziness and fatigue and were diagnosed with PRCA.Blood investigations revealed severe anemia and the B19V genome.Therefore,the four patients were diagnosed with B19V-induced PRCA.All four patients received red blood cell transfusion in the setting of antiretroviral therapy,and two of the four patients received intravenous immunoglobulin(IVIG).After 3-7 months of treatment,all four patients recovered,although two did not receive IVIG.This suggests that IVIG is not always necessary for the treatment of PRCA in patients with HIV infection and that effective antiretroviral therapy and immunological reconstitution play an important role in the eradication of parvovirus.
基金supported by Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province,China(2022B1111010004,2021B1212040017)Basic Research Program of Guangzhou Municipal Science and Technology Bureau(SL2023A03J01074)+1 种基金Guangdong Provincial Highly Pathogenic Microorganism Science Data Center(2024B1212070013)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(ZDSYS20230626091203007).
文摘The increase in emerging and reemerging infectious diseases has underscored the need for the prompt monitoring of intact infectious viruses and the quick assessment of their infectivity.However,molecular techniques cannot distinguish between intact infectious and noninfectious viruses.Here,two distinct methodologies have been developed for the expeditious and dependable quantification of intact infectious H1N1 virus,and several experiments have been conducted to substantiate their efficacy.One is an integrated cell absorption quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qPCR)method(ICA-qPCR),and the other is a combined propidium monoazide qPCR method(PMA-qPCR).The quantification limit is 100 cell culture infective dose 50%(CCID50)/mL in ICA-qPCR following a 1.5-hour cell absorption or 126 CCID50/mL after a 15-minute incubation.For PMA-qPCR,the limit was 2,512 CCID50/mL.The number of genome copies quantified by the ICA-qPCR and PMA-qPCR methods was strongly correlated with the infectious titer determined by the CCID50 assay,thereby enabling the estimation of virus infectivity.The ICA-qPCR and PMA-qPCR methods are both suitable for the identification and quantification of intact infectious H1N1 virus in inactivated samples,wastewater,and biological materials.In conclusion,the ICA-qPCR and PMA-qPCR methods have distinct advantages and disadvantages,and can be used to quantify intact infectious viruses rapidly.These methodologies can facilitate the identification of the presence of intact infectious viruses in wastewater or on pathogen-related physical surfaces in high-level biosafety laboratories and medical facilities.Furthermore,these methodologies can also be utilized to detect other highly pathogenic pathogens.
基金supported by the general program[grant number 31171761]of the National Nature Science Foundation of Chinathe Key Research Project of Shaanxi Province[grant number 2017ZDXM-SF-104]the High-level Talent Special Support Plan of Regional Development Talent Project of Shaanxi Province[grant number 202002].
文摘Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris spores have strong stress resistance,and their spores cannot be eliminated by pasteurization,which is considered a major threat to the beverage industry.In this study,based on the spore control strategy of“germinate to eradicate”,the spores were germinated by multi-frequency thermosonication(MFTS)combined with germinant.The process parameters were optimized,and the underlying mechanism was explored.The results showed that when A.acidoterrestris spores were treated with MFTS(60℃,20/40/50 kHz)and 300 mM AGFK for 30 min,incubated at 45℃for 2 h,and heated to 80℃for 20 min,a maximum 1.4±0.04 log reduction can be achieved.The spores showed the darkest phase and the best germination effect after MFTS treatment,but leakage of proteins and electrolytes inside the spores were also caused.The surface of the vegetative cells formed by spore after MFTS treatment shrank extensively,and the shape was irregular.Spore resistance was reduced,making them more likely to die after pasteurization.This study could provide theoretical evidence for the technological innovation and practical application of A.acidoterrestris spores hazard control in the beverage industry.
