The formation of pantropical intercontinental disjunction(PID)in plants has generally been attributed to vicariance,boreotropical migration,and long-distance dispersal.However,this pattern has primarily been examined ...The formation of pantropical intercontinental disjunction(PID)in plants has generally been attributed to vicariance,boreotropical migration,and long-distance dispersal.However,this pattern has primarily been examined in herbs,shrubs,and trees,and less commonly studied in interlayer plant taxa.Here we examined evolutionary processes that resulted in the PID of a pantropical woody liana,Uncaria(Rubiaceae).We first constructed a comprehensive phylogeny by employing 73 plastid protein-coding sequences from 29 accessions of Uncaria(including 16 newly sequenced)from different continents.We then inferred divergence time,history and ecological niche evolution of this genus.Our results showed that Uncaria consisted of four well-supported clades that belonged to two geographically distinct lineages:the Asia-Oceania lineage and the Afro-Neotropical lineage.Biogeographic reconstruction showed this genus likely originated in Asia during the early Miocene(ca.19.03 Ma)and the Middle Miocene Climatic Optimum may have triggered the early diversification of Uncaria.Due to its recent origin and small seeds with long wings,wind or water-mediated long-distance dispersal may have contributed to the distribution of Uncaria in tropical Oceania(via stepping-stone dispersal)and tropical Africa and America(by transoceanic dispersal).Our findings also indicate that diversification of Uncaria was primarily driven by ecological niche divergence,particularly climatic factors.Our study emphasizes the dual role of climatic niche divergence and long-distance dispersal in shaping the PID of Uncaria,providing references for many other extant lineages with similar distributions.展开更多
Understanding the maintenance and shift in reproductive strategies is a fundamental question in evolutionary research.Although many efforts have been made to compare different reproductive strategies,the association b...Understanding the maintenance and shift in reproductive strategies is a fundamental question in evolutionary research.Although many efforts have been made to compare different reproductive strategies,the association between reproductive strategies and lineage divergence is largely unknown.To explore the impact of different reproductive strategies on lineage divergence,we investigated the evolution of clonality in Saxifraga sect.Irregulares+Heterisia.By integrating several lines of evidence,we found that the loss of clonality in Irregulares+Heterisia was associated with a progressive increase in diversification rate and intraspecific morphological diversity but with a reduction in species distribution range.Our findings provide insights into the ecological and evolutionary effects of different reproductive strategies,suggesting the necessity of integrating clonality into ecological and evolutional research.展开更多
The evolution of spermatophytes(seed plants)is relatively well known in their evolutionary relationships over temporal changes,but their spatial evolution is another critical yet often neglected lens,especially using ...The evolution of spermatophytes(seed plants)is relatively well known in their evolutionary relationships over temporal changes,but their spatial evolution is another critical yet often neglected lens,especially using a taxon-based approach.Here,by integrating geographic distributions and origin locations across 429 spermatophyte families worldwide with unsupervised machine learning approaches,we constructed a Spermatophyte Spatial Evolutionary System(SSES)that classifies global spermatophytes into 18 distribution types and six distribution supertypes within three primary floristic elements:cosmopolitan,tropical,and temperate.We found that the three elements all primarily originated from Gondwana,with the cosmopolitan element being the youngest and the temperate element being the oldest in terms of origin.They primarily formed during the Tertiary,particularly between the Eocene and Miocene,driven mainly by climate,long-distance dispersal,and tectonic movement,while each exhibited distinct migration routes and formation models.Our results provide novel insights into the spatial evolution of global spermatophytes and highlight that similar distribution patterns of spermatophytes were driven by their comparable formation processes and mechanisms at the levels of floristic element,distribution supertype,and type.展开更多
基金funded equally by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32322006 and 32100187)the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research(STEP)program(2024QZKK0200)+5 种基金by the Key Projects of the Joint Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U23A20149)the Key R&D Program of Yunnan Province(202103AF140005 and 202101BC070002)the Yunnan Provincial Science and Technology Talent and Platform Plan(202305AM070005)the Key Specialized Research and Development Breakthrough Program in Henan Province(232102110237)the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province(242300421572)the Strategic Biological Resources Capacity Building Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences(KFJ-BRP-017-08).
文摘The formation of pantropical intercontinental disjunction(PID)in plants has generally been attributed to vicariance,boreotropical migration,and long-distance dispersal.However,this pattern has primarily been examined in herbs,shrubs,and trees,and less commonly studied in interlayer plant taxa.Here we examined evolutionary processes that resulted in the PID of a pantropical woody liana,Uncaria(Rubiaceae).We first constructed a comprehensive phylogeny by employing 73 plastid protein-coding sequences from 29 accessions of Uncaria(including 16 newly sequenced)from different continents.We then inferred divergence time,history and ecological niche evolution of this genus.Our results showed that Uncaria consisted of four well-supported clades that belonged to two geographically distinct lineages:the Asia-Oceania lineage and the Afro-Neotropical lineage.Biogeographic reconstruction showed this genus likely originated in Asia during the early Miocene(ca.19.03 Ma)and the Middle Miocene Climatic Optimum may have triggered the early diversification of Uncaria.Due to its recent origin and small seeds with long wings,wind or water-mediated long-distance dispersal may have contributed to the distribution of Uncaria in tropical Oceania(via stepping-stone dispersal)and tropical Africa and America(by transoceanic dispersal).Our findings also indicate that diversification of Uncaria was primarily driven by ecological niche divergence,particularly climatic factors.Our study emphasizes the dual role of climatic niche divergence and long-distance dispersal in shaping the PID of Uncaria,providing references for many other extant lineages with similar distributions.
基金supported by the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research(STEP)program(2019QZKK0502)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32322006)+4 种基金the Key Projects of the Joint Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1802232)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences(2019382)the International Partnership Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(151853KYSB20180009)Yunnan Science and Technology Project(YNWR-QNBJ-2019-033,202103AF140005,202305AM070005)Project of Background Resources Survey in Shennongjia National Park(SNJNP2022003).
文摘Understanding the maintenance and shift in reproductive strategies is a fundamental question in evolutionary research.Although many efforts have been made to compare different reproductive strategies,the association between reproductive strategies and lineage divergence is largely unknown.To explore the impact of different reproductive strategies on lineage divergence,we investigated the evolution of clonality in Saxifraga sect.Irregulares+Heterisia.By integrating several lines of evidence,we found that the loss of clonality in Irregulares+Heterisia was associated with a progressive increase in diversification rate and intraspecific morphological diversity but with a reduction in species distribution range.Our findings provide insights into the ecological and evolutionary effects of different reproductive strategies,suggesting the necessity of integrating clonality into ecological and evolutional research.
基金supported by the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research(STEP)program(2024QZKK0200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32322006 and 32100187)+2 种基金the Key Projects of the Joint Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U23A20149)the Key R&D Program of Yunnan Province(202103AF140005 and 202101BC070002)the Strategic Biological Resources Capacity Building Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences(KFJBRP-017-08)。
文摘The evolution of spermatophytes(seed plants)is relatively well known in their evolutionary relationships over temporal changes,but their spatial evolution is another critical yet often neglected lens,especially using a taxon-based approach.Here,by integrating geographic distributions and origin locations across 429 spermatophyte families worldwide with unsupervised machine learning approaches,we constructed a Spermatophyte Spatial Evolutionary System(SSES)that classifies global spermatophytes into 18 distribution types and six distribution supertypes within three primary floristic elements:cosmopolitan,tropical,and temperate.We found that the three elements all primarily originated from Gondwana,with the cosmopolitan element being the youngest and the temperate element being the oldest in terms of origin.They primarily formed during the Tertiary,particularly between the Eocene and Miocene,driven mainly by climate,long-distance dispersal,and tectonic movement,while each exhibited distinct migration routes and formation models.Our results provide novel insights into the spatial evolution of global spermatophytes and highlight that similar distribution patterns of spermatophytes were driven by their comparable formation processes and mechanisms at the levels of floristic element,distribution supertype,and type.
