This study investigates the influence of high-current pulsed electron beam(HCPEB)modification on the microstructure and shear strength of Cu/CuW joints.Reliable solid-state diffusion bonding of modified-Cu(MCu)and mod...This study investigates the influence of high-current pulsed electron beam(HCPEB)modification on the microstructure and shear strength of Cu/CuW joints.Reliable solid-state diffusion bonding of modified-Cu(MCu)and modified-CuW(M-CuW)was achieved by HCPEB modification pretreatment at a temperature of 800-900℃and a pressure of 5 MPa for 10-50 min.Experiments demonstrate that HCPEB modification facilitates the dissolution of W and Cu,resulting in the formation of a Cu_(0.4)W_(0.6)solid solution and thus enhancing the uniform distribution of microstructures.Additionally,HCPEB-induced defects play a beneficial role in promoting the diffusion process by providing fast diffusion paths for elements.The optimal joints with the maximum shear strength of 213.7 MPa were obtained through bonding M-Cu and M-CuW at 900℃and 5 MPa for 30 min,which attributes to the combined effects of fine-grained strengthening and solid solution strengthening.Overall,the application of HCPEB modification showcases its effectiveness in promoting element diffusion and enhancing the mechanical performance of the joints.展开更多
Sweet sorghum is a crop with good application prospects, and the research on sweet sorghum breeding people should be strengthened. Based on this, the genetic content of QTLs(quantitative trait loci) for sugar traits i...Sweet sorghum is a crop with good application prospects, and the research on sweet sorghum breeding people should be strengthened. Based on this, the genetic content of QTLs(quantitative trait loci) for sugar traits in sweet sorghum was introduced, and the analysis content of the genetic breeding of sweet sorghum related to sugar traits was expounded, providing support for the cultivation of sweet sorghum with higher quality and the promotion of agricultural development in China.展开更多
Pathogenic microorganisms can cause infectious diseases in the human body and cause harm to humans.Under the continuous changes of human life style,sudden infectious diseases and sudden pathogenic microbial contaminat...Pathogenic microorganisms can cause infectious diseases in the human body and cause harm to humans.Under the continuous changes of human life style,sudden infectious diseases and sudden pathogenic microbial contamination in food have brought great challenges to human health.Traditional pathogenic microorganism detection is mainly carried out in laboratories with low speed,and requires experienced operators,which greatly affects the detection efficiency,and real-time monitoring cannot be achieved in the face of epidemics or food contamination.In response to these new situations,new on-site rapid detection methods have become a must,but to achieve the purpose of on-site rapid and immediate detection,higher requirements have been put forward to sensitivity and specificity.Due to their special photoelectric properties and adsorption properties,nanomaterials have gradually been applied in on-site rapid detection methods such as biosensors,and some substantial progress has been made.In this study,we introduced the actual application of nanomaterials in testing and their applications in on-site rapid testing,and made some prospects for the development of on-site rapid testing methods.展开更多
The development of RNA interference(RNAi)therapy offers a potential solution for Alzheimer's disease(AD).However,the brain-blood barrier(BBB)with its selective permeability and pharmacokinetic-related challenges p...The development of RNA interference(RNAi)therapy offers a potential solution for Alzheimer's disease(AD).However,the brain-blood barrier(BBB)with its selective permeability and pharmacokinetic-related challenges poses restrictions on the delivery of small interfering RNA(si RNA)to the central nervous system(CNS).In this study,we demonstrate that the incorporation of 2'-fluoro(2'-F)substitutions and L-carnitine modification facilitates the self-assembly of si RNA through triple interaction,leading to the formation of nanorings,called LCSF-NR.Based on the enhanced cellular uptake and lysosomal escape by 2'-F substitution and the transport across the BBB promoted by L-carnitine,the nanorings realized the improved braintargeted delivery of si RNA,both in zebrafish and mice models.Moreover,our findings highlight the therapeutic potential of LCSF-NR formulation in an AD zebrafish model through a synergistic effect of downregulating theβ-site APP cleavage enzyme1(BACE1)gene and L-carnitine-mediated neuroprotection,effectively inhibiting pathological processes.Overall,these results suggest that the chemical modification-based si RNA self-assembly strategy enables trans-BBB delivery and presents a concise approach for synergistic therapy of AD.展开更多
Introduction Overweight and obesity are usually measured using body mass index(BMI),with overweight classifying as a BMI of 25-29.9 kg/m^(2),obesity as a BMI of≥30 kg/m^(2),and morbid obesity as a BMI of≥40 kg/m^(2)...Introduction Overweight and obesity are usually measured using body mass index(BMI),with overweight classifying as a BMI of 25-29.9 kg/m^(2),obesity as a BMI of≥30 kg/m^(2),and morbid obesity as a BMI of≥40 kg/m^(2).1 Overweight and obesity are major health crises,posing a threat to the current global health progress.2 In 2021,3.71 million deaths and 129 million disability-adjusted life-years(DALYs)were attributable to overweight and obesity.展开更多
Background:Colorectal cancer(CRC)is a major public health concern and the second leading cause of cancerrelated deaths worldwide.However,challenges remain in deploying effective screening strategies for early-stage CR...Background:Colorectal cancer(CRC)is a major public health concern and the second leading cause of cancerrelated deaths worldwide.However,challenges remain in deploying effective screening strategies for early-stage CRC.This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a fecal-based syndecan-2(SDC2)methylation test for the detection of colorectal lesions and CRC.Methods:We retrospectively collected data on participants who underwent fecal SDC2 methylation testing from January 1,2019,to May 30,2023.Patients with positive results were recommended to undergo colonoscopy.Performance indicators associated with certain clinical characteristics,including positive rate(PR),positive predictive value(PPV),and colonoscopy compliance rate(CCR),were subjected to statistical analysis.Results:We analyzed data from 113,209 participants,of whom 11,841(10.4%PR)had positive fecal SDC2 methylation test results.A total of 4315 participants with positive results adhered to the colonoscopy recommendations,and the CCR was 36.4%.Finally,3169 colorectal lesions were detected,including 1134 polyps,875 non-advanced adenomas(NAAs),770 advanced adenomas(AAs),and 390 CRCs,with PPV values of 26.3%(1134/4315),20.3%(875/4315),17.8%(770/4315),and 9.0%(390/4315),respectively.Notably,the PPV for CRC increased significantly with age(X^(2)=164.40,P<0.0001).In addition,as the cycle threshold(CT)values increased,the PPVs of AAs and CRCs generally decreased,whereas those of NAAs and polyps significantly increased.Moreover,the clinical patient group had the highest incidence of late-stage CRC(stage I and higher),whereas asymptomatic populations from the staff physical examination group and rural town-based screening programs had the highest number of stage 0 and I CRCs detected(P=0.0107).Conclusions:This study indicates that fecal SDC2 methylation testing combined with colonoscopy may be an effective screening method for colorectal lesions and CRC.展开更多
Polycrystalline tin is an ideal excitation material for extreme ultraviolet light sources.However,the existence of grain boundary(GB)limits the surface roughness of polycrystalline tin after single-point diamond turni...Polycrystalline tin is an ideal excitation material for extreme ultraviolet light sources.However,the existence of grain boundary(GB)limits the surface roughness of polycrystalline tin after single-point diamond turning(SPDT).In this work,a novel method termed inductively coupled plasma(ICP)-assisted cutting was developed for the sub-nanometer finishing of polycrystalline tin.The relationship between ICP power,processing time,and modification depth was established by thermodynamic simulation,and the fitted heat transfer coefficient of polycrystalline tin was 540 W/(m2·K).The effects of large-thermal-gradient ICP treatment on the microstructure of polycrystalline tin were studied.After 0.9 kW ICP processing for 3.0 s,corresponding to the temperature gradient of 0.30 K/μm,the grain size of polycrystalline tin was expanded from a size of approximately 20-80μm to a millimeter scale.The Taguchi method was used to investigate the effects of rotational speed,depth of cut,and feed rate on SPDT.Experiments conducted based on the ICP system indicated that the plasma-assisted cutting method promoted the reduction of the influence of GB steps on the finishing of polycrystalline tin,thereby achieving a surface finish from 8.53 to 0.80 nm in Sa.The results of residual stress release demonstrated that the residual stress of plasma-assisted turning processing after 504 h stress release was 10.7 MPa,while that of the turning process without the ICP treatment was 41.6 MPa.展开更多
Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers in men worldwide, and the number of diagnosed patients has dramatically increased in recent years. Currently, the clinical parameters used to diagnose prostate cancer,...Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers in men worldwide, and the number of diagnosed patients has dramatically increased in recent years. Currently, the clinical parameters used to diagnose prostate cancer, such as Gleason score, pathological tumor staging, and prostate-specific antigen(PSA) expression level, are considered insufficient to inform recommendation to guide clinical practice. Thus, identification of a novel biomarker is necessary. TWIST is one of the well-studied targets and is correlated with cancer invasion and metastasis in several human cancers. We have investigated two largest prostate cancer patient cohorts available in GEO database and found that TWIST expression is positive correlated with Gleason score and associated with poorer survival. By using a prostate cancer cohort and a prostate cancer cell line dataset, we have identified three potential downstream targets of TWIST, PPM1 A, SRP72 and TBCB. TWIST's prognostic capacity is lost when the gene is mutated. Further investigation in the prostate cancer cohort revealed that gene expression of SERPINA, STX7, PDIA2, FMP5, GP1 BB, VGLL4,KCNMA1, SHMT2, SAA4 and DIDO1 influence the prognostic significance of TWIST and vice versa. Importantly, eight out of these ten genes are prognostic indicator by itself. In conclusion, our study has further confirmed that TWIST is a prognostic marker in prostate cancer, identified its potential downstream targets and genes that could possibly give additional prognostic value to predict TWIST-mediated prostate cancer progression.展开更多
Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is currently causing great damage to the health of people worldwide.At a press conference on May 31,2020,Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus,the Director-General of the World Health Organizati...Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is currently causing great damage to the health of people worldwide.At a press conference on May 31,2020,Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus,the Director-General of the World Health Organization,announced that there have been more than six million cases of COVID-19 worldwide.展开更多
On January 2,2023,Cancer Pathogenesis and Therapy(CPT)published an online article entitled“Carrimycin as an anticancer candidate inhibits tumors by targeting selenoprotein H in the nucleus of tumor cells to induce nu...On January 2,2023,Cancer Pathogenesis and Therapy(CPT)published an online article entitled“Carrimycin as an anticancer candidate inhibits tumors by targeting selenoprotein H in the nucleus of tumor cells to induce nuclear oxidative stress and inhibit ribosome biosynthesis,”authored by Yu LC et al.1 from the National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health.Yu LC et al.1 discovered that isovalerylspiramycin I(ISP I)—the key active ingredient of carrimycin2—directly inhibits selenoprotein H(SELH)expression.As the sole antioxidant enzyme in the nucleolus,SELH serves key regulatory roles in relation to numerous oxidants produced during rapid rRNA synthesis.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52001273)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20201062)。
文摘This study investigates the influence of high-current pulsed electron beam(HCPEB)modification on the microstructure and shear strength of Cu/CuW joints.Reliable solid-state diffusion bonding of modified-Cu(MCu)and modified-CuW(M-CuW)was achieved by HCPEB modification pretreatment at a temperature of 800-900℃and a pressure of 5 MPa for 10-50 min.Experiments demonstrate that HCPEB modification facilitates the dissolution of W and Cu,resulting in the formation of a Cu_(0.4)W_(0.6)solid solution and thus enhancing the uniform distribution of microstructures.Additionally,HCPEB-induced defects play a beneficial role in promoting the diffusion process by providing fast diffusion paths for elements.The optimal joints with the maximum shear strength of 213.7 MPa were obtained through bonding M-Cu and M-CuW at 900℃and 5 MPa for 30 min,which attributes to the combined effects of fine-grained strengthening and solid solution strengthening.Overall,the application of HCPEB modification showcases its effectiveness in promoting element diffusion and enhancing the mechanical performance of the joints.
文摘Sweet sorghum is a crop with good application prospects, and the research on sweet sorghum breeding people should be strengthened. Based on this, the genetic content of QTLs(quantitative trait loci) for sugar traits in sweet sorghum was introduced, and the analysis content of the genetic breeding of sweet sorghum related to sugar traits was expounded, providing support for the cultivation of sweet sorghum with higher quality and the promotion of agricultural development in China.
文摘Pathogenic microorganisms can cause infectious diseases in the human body and cause harm to humans.Under the continuous changes of human life style,sudden infectious diseases and sudden pathogenic microbial contamination in food have brought great challenges to human health.Traditional pathogenic microorganism detection is mainly carried out in laboratories with low speed,and requires experienced operators,which greatly affects the detection efficiency,and real-time monitoring cannot be achieved in the face of epidemics or food contamination.In response to these new situations,new on-site rapid detection methods have become a must,but to achieve the purpose of on-site rapid and immediate detection,higher requirements have been put forward to sensitivity and specificity.Due to their special photoelectric properties and adsorption properties,nanomaterials have gradually been applied in on-site rapid detection methods such as biosensors,and some substantial progress has been made.In this study,we introduced the actual application of nanomaterials in testing and their applications in on-site rapid testing,and made some prospects for the development of on-site rapid testing methods.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFA0902600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22174019,22027805,22334004)。
文摘The development of RNA interference(RNAi)therapy offers a potential solution for Alzheimer's disease(AD).However,the brain-blood barrier(BBB)with its selective permeability and pharmacokinetic-related challenges poses restrictions on the delivery of small interfering RNA(si RNA)to the central nervous system(CNS).In this study,we demonstrate that the incorporation of 2'-fluoro(2'-F)substitutions and L-carnitine modification facilitates the self-assembly of si RNA through triple interaction,leading to the formation of nanorings,called LCSF-NR.Based on the enhanced cellular uptake and lysosomal escape by 2'-F substitution and the transport across the BBB promoted by L-carnitine,the nanorings realized the improved braintargeted delivery of si RNA,both in zebrafish and mice models.Moreover,our findings highlight the therapeutic potential of LCSF-NR formulation in an AD zebrafish model through a synergistic effect of downregulating theβ-site APP cleavage enzyme1(BACE1)gene and L-carnitine-mediated neuroprotection,effectively inhibiting pathological processes.Overall,these results suggest that the chemical modification-based si RNA self-assembly strategy enables trans-BBB delivery and presents a concise approach for synergistic therapy of AD.
文摘Introduction Overweight and obesity are usually measured using body mass index(BMI),with overweight classifying as a BMI of 25-29.9 kg/m^(2),obesity as a BMI of≥30 kg/m^(2),and morbid obesity as a BMI of≥40 kg/m^(2).1 Overweight and obesity are major health crises,posing a threat to the current global health progress.2 In 2021,3.71 million deaths and 129 million disability-adjusted life-years(DALYs)were attributable to overweight and obesity.
文摘Background:Colorectal cancer(CRC)is a major public health concern and the second leading cause of cancerrelated deaths worldwide.However,challenges remain in deploying effective screening strategies for early-stage CRC.This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a fecal-based syndecan-2(SDC2)methylation test for the detection of colorectal lesions and CRC.Methods:We retrospectively collected data on participants who underwent fecal SDC2 methylation testing from January 1,2019,to May 30,2023.Patients with positive results were recommended to undergo colonoscopy.Performance indicators associated with certain clinical characteristics,including positive rate(PR),positive predictive value(PPV),and colonoscopy compliance rate(CCR),were subjected to statistical analysis.Results:We analyzed data from 113,209 participants,of whom 11,841(10.4%PR)had positive fecal SDC2 methylation test results.A total of 4315 participants with positive results adhered to the colonoscopy recommendations,and the CCR was 36.4%.Finally,3169 colorectal lesions were detected,including 1134 polyps,875 non-advanced adenomas(NAAs),770 advanced adenomas(AAs),and 390 CRCs,with PPV values of 26.3%(1134/4315),20.3%(875/4315),17.8%(770/4315),and 9.0%(390/4315),respectively.Notably,the PPV for CRC increased significantly with age(X^(2)=164.40,P<0.0001).In addition,as the cycle threshold(CT)values increased,the PPVs of AAs and CRCs generally decreased,whereas those of NAAs and polyps significantly increased.Moreover,the clinical patient group had the highest incidence of late-stage CRC(stage I and higher),whereas asymptomatic populations from the staff physical examination group and rural town-based screening programs had the highest number of stage 0 and I CRCs detected(P=0.0107).Conclusions:This study indicates that fecal SDC2 methylation testing combined with colonoscopy may be an effective screening method for colorectal lesions and CRC.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52035009)the Science Challenge Project,China(Grant No.TZ2018006-0201-01)+1 种基金the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2016YFB1102203)the“111”project by the State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs and the Ministry of Education of China(Grant No.B07014).
文摘Polycrystalline tin is an ideal excitation material for extreme ultraviolet light sources.However,the existence of grain boundary(GB)limits the surface roughness of polycrystalline tin after single-point diamond turning(SPDT).In this work,a novel method termed inductively coupled plasma(ICP)-assisted cutting was developed for the sub-nanometer finishing of polycrystalline tin.The relationship between ICP power,processing time,and modification depth was established by thermodynamic simulation,and the fitted heat transfer coefficient of polycrystalline tin was 540 W/(m2·K).The effects of large-thermal-gradient ICP treatment on the microstructure of polycrystalline tin were studied.After 0.9 kW ICP processing for 3.0 s,corresponding to the temperature gradient of 0.30 K/μm,the grain size of polycrystalline tin was expanded from a size of approximately 20-80μm to a millimeter scale.The Taguchi method was used to investigate the effects of rotational speed,depth of cut,and feed rate on SPDT.Experiments conducted based on the ICP system indicated that the plasma-assisted cutting method promoted the reduction of the influence of GB steps on the finishing of polycrystalline tin,thereby achieving a surface finish from 8.53 to 0.80 nm in Sa.The results of residual stress release demonstrated that the residual stress of plasma-assisted turning processing after 504 h stress release was 10.7 MPa,while that of the turning process without the ICP treatment was 41.6 MPa.
基金supported by the University of Macao Multi-Year Research Grants (MYRG2015-00065FHS)the Macao Science and Technology Development Fund (FDCT 018-2015-A1) to Dr. Hang Fai Kwok research group
文摘Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers in men worldwide, and the number of diagnosed patients has dramatically increased in recent years. Currently, the clinical parameters used to diagnose prostate cancer, such as Gleason score, pathological tumor staging, and prostate-specific antigen(PSA) expression level, are considered insufficient to inform recommendation to guide clinical practice. Thus, identification of a novel biomarker is necessary. TWIST is one of the well-studied targets and is correlated with cancer invasion and metastasis in several human cancers. We have investigated two largest prostate cancer patient cohorts available in GEO database and found that TWIST expression is positive correlated with Gleason score and associated with poorer survival. By using a prostate cancer cohort and a prostate cancer cell line dataset, we have identified three potential downstream targets of TWIST, PPM1 A, SRP72 and TBCB. TWIST's prognostic capacity is lost when the gene is mutated. Further investigation in the prostate cancer cohort revealed that gene expression of SERPINA, STX7, PDIA2, FMP5, GP1 BB, VGLL4,KCNMA1, SHMT2, SAA4 and DIDO1 influence the prognostic significance of TWIST and vice versa. Importantly, eight out of these ten genes are prognostic indicator by itself. In conclusion, our study has further confirmed that TWIST is a prognostic marker in prostate cancer, identified its potential downstream targets and genes that could possibly give additional prognostic value to predict TWIST-mediated prostate cancer progression.
文摘Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is currently causing great damage to the health of people worldwide.At a press conference on May 31,2020,Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus,the Director-General of the World Health Organization,announced that there have been more than six million cases of COVID-19 worldwide.
文摘On January 2,2023,Cancer Pathogenesis and Therapy(CPT)published an online article entitled“Carrimycin as an anticancer candidate inhibits tumors by targeting selenoprotein H in the nucleus of tumor cells to induce nuclear oxidative stress and inhibit ribosome biosynthesis,”authored by Yu LC et al.1 from the National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health.Yu LC et al.1 discovered that isovalerylspiramycin I(ISP I)—the key active ingredient of carrimycin2—directly inhibits selenoprotein H(SELH)expression.As the sole antioxidant enzyme in the nucleolus,SELH serves key regulatory roles in relation to numerous oxidants produced during rapid rRNA synthesis.
