Various time-frequency(T-F)masks are being applied to sound source localization tasks.Moreover,deep learning has dramatically advanced T-F mask estimation.However,existing masks are usually designed for speech separat...Various time-frequency(T-F)masks are being applied to sound source localization tasks.Moreover,deep learning has dramatically advanced T-F mask estimation.However,existing masks are usually designed for speech separation tasks and are suitable only for single-channel signals.A novel complex-valued T-F mask is proposed that reserves the head-related transfer function(HRTF),customized for binaural sound source localization.In addition,because the convolutional neural network that is exploited to estimate the proposed mask takes binaural spectral information as the input and output,accurate binaural cues can be preserved.Compared with conventional T-F masks that emphasize single speech source–dominated T-F units,HRTFreserved masks eliminate the speech component while keeping the direct propagation path.Thus,the estimated HRTF is capable of extracting more reliable localization features for the final direction of arrival estimation.Hence,binaural sound source localization guided by the proposed T-F mask is robust under noisy and reverberant acoustic environments.The experimental results demonstrate that the new T-F mask is superior to conventional T-F masks and lead to the better performance of sound source localization in adverse environments.展开更多
Prototype foamy virus(PFV)is a unique retrovirus that infects animals and humans and does not cause clinical symptoms.Long noncoding RNAs(lncRNAs)are believed to exert multiple regulatory functions during viral infect...Prototype foamy virus(PFV)is a unique retrovirus that infects animals and humans and does not cause clinical symptoms.Long noncoding RNAs(lncRNAs)are believed to exert multiple regulatory functions during viral infections.Previously,we utilized RNA sequencing(RNA-seq)to characterize and identify the lncRNA lnc-RP5-1086 D14.3.1-1:1(lnc-RP5),which is markedly decreased in PFV-infected cells.However,little is known about the function of lnc-RP5 during PFV infection.In this study,we identified lnc-RP5 as a regulator of the PFV transcriptional transactivator(Tas).Lnc-RP5 enhanced the activity of the PFV internal promoter(IP).The expression of PFV Tas was found to be promoted by lnc-RP5.Moreover,mi R-129-5 p was found to be involved in the lnc-RP5-mediated promotion of PFV IP activity,while the Notch1 protein suppressed the activity of PFV IP and the expression of Tas.Our results demonstrate that lnc-RP5 promotes the expression of PFV Tas through the miR-129-5 p/Notch1/PFV IP axis.This work provides evidence that host lnc RNAs can manipulate PFV replication by employing mi RNAs and proteins during an early viral infection.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:61673030,U1613209National Natural Science Foundation of Shenzhen,Grant/Award Number:JCYJ20190808182209321。
文摘Various time-frequency(T-F)masks are being applied to sound source localization tasks.Moreover,deep learning has dramatically advanced T-F mask estimation.However,existing masks are usually designed for speech separation tasks and are suitable only for single-channel signals.A novel complex-valued T-F mask is proposed that reserves the head-related transfer function(HRTF),customized for binaural sound source localization.In addition,because the convolutional neural network that is exploited to estimate the proposed mask takes binaural spectral information as the input and output,accurate binaural cues can be preserved.Compared with conventional T-F masks that emphasize single speech source–dominated T-F units,HRTFreserved masks eliminate the speech component while keeping the direct propagation path.Thus,the estimated HRTF is capable of extracting more reliable localization features for the final direction of arrival estimation.Hence,binaural sound source localization guided by the proposed T-F mask is robust under noisy and reverberant acoustic environments.The experimental results demonstrate that the new T-F mask is superior to conventional T-F masks and lead to the better performance of sound source localization in adverse environments.
基金the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China(Nos.81641093,81371790,81371422,81571481 and 81701571)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China and the Translational Medical Research Fund of Wuhan University School of Medicine.
文摘Prototype foamy virus(PFV)is a unique retrovirus that infects animals and humans and does not cause clinical symptoms.Long noncoding RNAs(lncRNAs)are believed to exert multiple regulatory functions during viral infections.Previously,we utilized RNA sequencing(RNA-seq)to characterize and identify the lncRNA lnc-RP5-1086 D14.3.1-1:1(lnc-RP5),which is markedly decreased in PFV-infected cells.However,little is known about the function of lnc-RP5 during PFV infection.In this study,we identified lnc-RP5 as a regulator of the PFV transcriptional transactivator(Tas).Lnc-RP5 enhanced the activity of the PFV internal promoter(IP).The expression of PFV Tas was found to be promoted by lnc-RP5.Moreover,mi R-129-5 p was found to be involved in the lnc-RP5-mediated promotion of PFV IP activity,while the Notch1 protein suppressed the activity of PFV IP and the expression of Tas.Our results demonstrate that lnc-RP5 promotes the expression of PFV Tas through the miR-129-5 p/Notch1/PFV IP axis.This work provides evidence that host lnc RNAs can manipulate PFV replication by employing mi RNAs and proteins during an early viral infection.
