Background:The epidemiological pattern and disease burden of type 2 diabetes have been shifting in China over the past decades.This analysis described the epidemiological transition of type 2 diabetes in the past thre...Background:The epidemiological pattern and disease burden of type 2 diabetes have been shifting in China over the past decades.This analysis described the epidemiological transition of type 2 diabetes in the past three decades and projected the trend in the future three decades in China.Methods:Age-,sex-,and year-specific incidence,prevalence,death,and disability-adjusted life years(DALYs)for people with 15 years or older and diabetes or high fasting glucose in China and related countries from 1990 to 2021 were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease.We obtained the trends of age-,sex-,and year-specific rates and absolute numbers of incidence,prevalence,deaths,and DALYs attributable to type 2 diabetes in China from 1990 to 2021.Using the Lee-Carter model,we projected the incidence,prevalence,death,and DALYs attributable to type 2 diabetes to 2050 stratified by age and sex.Results:The age-standardized incidence of type 2 diabetes was 341.5 per 100,000 persons(1.6 times in 1990)and the age-standardized prevalence was 9.96%(9960.0 per 100,000 persons,2.5 times in 1990)in China 2021.In 2021,there were 0.9 million deaths and 26.8 million DALYs due to type 2 diabetes or hyperglycemia,as 2.9 and 2.7 times the data in 1990,respectively.The age-standardized rates of type 2 diabetes and hyperglycemia were projected to raise to 449.5 per 100,000 persons for incidence,18.17%for prevalence,244.6 per 100,000 persons for death,and 4720.2 per 100,000 persons for DALYs by 2050.The incidence of type 2 diabetes kept growing among individuals under the age of 20 years in the past three decades(128.7 per 100,000 persons in 1990 and 439.9 per 100,000 persons in 2021)and estimating 1870.8 per 100,000 in 2050.Conclusions:The incidence,prevalence,and disease burden of type 2 diabetes grew rapidly in China in the past three decades.The prevention of type 2 diabetes in young people and the care for elder adults will be the greatest challenge for the country.展开更多
Background:Previous studies have reported associations of specific maternal and paternal lifestyle factors with offspring’s cognitive development during early childhood.This study aimed to investigate the prospective...Background:Previous studies have reported associations of specific maternal and paternal lifestyle factors with offspring’s cognitive development during early childhood.This study aimed to investigate the prospective associations between overall parental lifestyle and offspring’s cognitive performance during adolescence and young adulthood in China.Methods:We included 2531 adolescents aged 10-15 years at baseline in 2010 from the China Family Panel Studies.A healthy parental lifestyle score(ranged 0-5)was constructed based on the following five modifiable lifestyle factors:Smoking,drinking,exercise,sleep,and diet.Generalized estimating equation models were used to examine the association between baseline parental healthy lifestyle scores and offspring’s fluid and crystallized intelligence in subsequent years(2012,2014,2016,and 2018).Results:Offspring in the top tertile of parental healthy lifestyle scores performed better in overall fluid intelligence(multivariable-adjusted β=0.53,95%confidence interval[CI]:0.29-0.77)and overall crystallized intelligence(multivariable-adjusted β=0.35,95%CI:0.16-0.54)than those in the bottom tertile of parental healthy lifestyle scores.The results were similar after further adjustment for the offspring’s healthy lifestyle scores and persisted across the subgroups of parental socioeconomic status.Additionally,maternal and paternal healthy lifestyle scores were independently associated with better offspring’s cognitive performance,with significant contribution observed for paternal never-smoking,weekly exercise,and diversified diet.When both parents and offspring adhered to a healthier lifestyle,we observed the highest level of the offspring’s overall crystallized intelligence.Conclusions:Our study indicates that parental adherence to a healthier lifestyle is associated with significantly better offspring’s cognitive performance during adolescence and early adulthood,regardless of socioeconomic status.These findings highlight the potential cognitive benefits of promoting healthy lifestyles among parents of adolescents.展开更多
基金This study was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.72342014)1·3·5 project for disciplines of excellence,West China Hospital,Sichuan University(No.ZYYC24001).
文摘Background:The epidemiological pattern and disease burden of type 2 diabetes have been shifting in China over the past decades.This analysis described the epidemiological transition of type 2 diabetes in the past three decades and projected the trend in the future three decades in China.Methods:Age-,sex-,and year-specific incidence,prevalence,death,and disability-adjusted life years(DALYs)for people with 15 years or older and diabetes or high fasting glucose in China and related countries from 1990 to 2021 were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease.We obtained the trends of age-,sex-,and year-specific rates and absolute numbers of incidence,prevalence,deaths,and DALYs attributable to type 2 diabetes in China from 1990 to 2021.Using the Lee-Carter model,we projected the incidence,prevalence,death,and DALYs attributable to type 2 diabetes to 2050 stratified by age and sex.Results:The age-standardized incidence of type 2 diabetes was 341.5 per 100,000 persons(1.6 times in 1990)and the age-standardized prevalence was 9.96%(9960.0 per 100,000 persons,2.5 times in 1990)in China 2021.In 2021,there were 0.9 million deaths and 26.8 million DALYs due to type 2 diabetes or hyperglycemia,as 2.9 and 2.7 times the data in 1990,respectively.The age-standardized rates of type 2 diabetes and hyperglycemia were projected to raise to 449.5 per 100,000 persons for incidence,18.17%for prevalence,244.6 per 100,000 persons for death,and 4720.2 per 100,000 persons for DALYs by 2050.The incidence of type 2 diabetes kept growing among individuals under the age of 20 years in the past three decades(128.7 per 100,000 persons in 1990 and 439.9 per 100,000 persons in 2021)and estimating 1870.8 per 100,000 in 2050.Conclusions:The incidence,prevalence,and disease burden of type 2 diabetes grew rapidly in China in the past three decades.The prevention of type 2 diabetes in young people and the care for elder adults will be the greatest challenge for the country.
基金supported by grants from the Zhejiang University Education Foundation Global Partnership Fund(to CZY)the Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejiang Province(No.2020E10004).
文摘Background:Previous studies have reported associations of specific maternal and paternal lifestyle factors with offspring’s cognitive development during early childhood.This study aimed to investigate the prospective associations between overall parental lifestyle and offspring’s cognitive performance during adolescence and young adulthood in China.Methods:We included 2531 adolescents aged 10-15 years at baseline in 2010 from the China Family Panel Studies.A healthy parental lifestyle score(ranged 0-5)was constructed based on the following five modifiable lifestyle factors:Smoking,drinking,exercise,sleep,and diet.Generalized estimating equation models were used to examine the association between baseline parental healthy lifestyle scores and offspring’s fluid and crystallized intelligence in subsequent years(2012,2014,2016,and 2018).Results:Offspring in the top tertile of parental healthy lifestyle scores performed better in overall fluid intelligence(multivariable-adjusted β=0.53,95%confidence interval[CI]:0.29-0.77)and overall crystallized intelligence(multivariable-adjusted β=0.35,95%CI:0.16-0.54)than those in the bottom tertile of parental healthy lifestyle scores.The results were similar after further adjustment for the offspring’s healthy lifestyle scores and persisted across the subgroups of parental socioeconomic status.Additionally,maternal and paternal healthy lifestyle scores were independently associated with better offspring’s cognitive performance,with significant contribution observed for paternal never-smoking,weekly exercise,and diversified diet.When both parents and offspring adhered to a healthier lifestyle,we observed the highest level of the offspring’s overall crystallized intelligence.Conclusions:Our study indicates that parental adherence to a healthier lifestyle is associated with significantly better offspring’s cognitive performance during adolescence and early adulthood,regardless of socioeconomic status.These findings highlight the potential cognitive benefits of promoting healthy lifestyles among parents of adolescents.
