Ceratocystis fimbriata is a hazardous fungal pathogen that causes black rot disease in sweet potato roots,leading to devastating losses during sweet potato growth and storage.All methods for managing C.fimbriata on sw...Ceratocystis fimbriata is a hazardous fungal pathogen that causes black rot disease in sweet potato roots,leading to devastating losses during sweet potato growth and storage.All methods for managing C.fimbriata on sweet potato based on synthetic fungicides,biocontrol agents,coatings,and natural compounds are reviewed for the first time.The advantages and disadvantages of the different methods are discussed,and their efficacies are compared.Bacillus strains and the synthetic fungicides carbendazim,flutriafol,liguoling,Stadium?,thiabendazole,and thiophanate methyl show the strongest inhibitory effects.Bacillus strains possess an advantage over synthetic fungicides due to the detrimental impact of the latter on human health.The application of filamentous fungi and yeasts as biocontrol agents for C.fimbriata management has not yet been investigated.Coatings exhibit limited protection,and no attempts have been made to combine coatings with nanoparticles or essential oils.Although the natural compounds perillaldehyde and nerol are inexpensive and non-toxic,they are of low efficacy.All management strategies have been used on postharvest sweet potato roots and leaves.However,there is no approach to controlling C.fimbriata in roots during plant growth.Even though several methods for controlling C.fimbriata on sweet potato have been reported in recent years,numerous knowledge gaps impede the development of effective and safe approaches.展开更多
We describe two novel approaches for the determination of glucosamine(GlcN).The first approach is based on the chemical derivatization of GlcN with the non-fluorophor 1,3-diphenyl-1,3-propanedione(DPPD),which results ...We describe two novel approaches for the determination of glucosamine(GlcN).The first approach is based on the chemical derivatization of GlcN with the non-fluorophor 1,3-diphenyl-1,3-propanedione(DPPD),which results in a condensation product with interesting fluorescent properties.The obtained compound was isolated by silica-gel chromatography and its structure elucidated by NMR and mass spectrometry.The second approach is based on a previously undescribed sensitivity of the enzyme glucosamine-6-phosphate deaminase(GPDA)towards GlcN,which resulted in the precipitation of the enzyme.Using a rational enzyme engineering approach and both liquid-based and plate-based screening methods,mutational GPDA variants with significantly improved precipitation properties were identified and characterized.These novel glucosamine detection methods may be a useful addition to the repertoire of currently available glucosamine detection sensors.展开更多
Exogenous melatonin(MT)was found to be an interesting tool for enhancing the resistance of rice to Xanthomonasoryzaepv.oryzae(Xoo)-caused bacterial blight(BB).However,the accurate comparison of the expression levels a...Exogenous melatonin(MT)was found to be an interesting tool for enhancing the resistance of rice to Xanthomonasoryzaepv.oryzae(Xoo)-caused bacterial blight(BB).However,the accurate comparison of the expression levels across samples was a challenging task.In this work,the stability of 10 common used housekeeping genes under Xoo-infection and MT supplementation in rice was analyzed using quantitative real-time PCR(qRT-PCR),and algorithms geNorm,NormFinder and BestKeeper.Our results indicated that most reference genes remained stable in Xoo-infected rice plants,while a number of reference genes were affected by MT supplementation.Among all studied genes,the transcript levels of 18S(18S ribosomal RNA)and UBC(Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2)remained unaltered by Xoo infection,while UBC and UBQ5(Ubiquitin 5)were the most stable genes when examining simultaneous Xoo-infection and MT supplementation,demonstrating that UBC is a suitable reference gene for qRT-PCR data normalization in rice under Xoo-infection and MT supplementation.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.32172441,32302433,and 32001599)。
文摘Ceratocystis fimbriata is a hazardous fungal pathogen that causes black rot disease in sweet potato roots,leading to devastating losses during sweet potato growth and storage.All methods for managing C.fimbriata on sweet potato based on synthetic fungicides,biocontrol agents,coatings,and natural compounds are reviewed for the first time.The advantages and disadvantages of the different methods are discussed,and their efficacies are compared.Bacillus strains and the synthetic fungicides carbendazim,flutriafol,liguoling,Stadium?,thiabendazole,and thiophanate methyl show the strongest inhibitory effects.Bacillus strains possess an advantage over synthetic fungicides due to the detrimental impact of the latter on human health.The application of filamentous fungi and yeasts as biocontrol agents for C.fimbriata management has not yet been investigated.Coatings exhibit limited protection,and no attempts have been made to combine coatings with nanoparticles or essential oils.Although the natural compounds perillaldehyde and nerol are inexpensive and non-toxic,they are of low efficacy.All management strategies have been used on postharvest sweet potato roots and leaves.However,there is no approach to controlling C.fimbriata in roots during plant growth.Even though several methods for controlling C.fimbriata on sweet potato have been reported in recent years,numerous knowledge gaps impede the development of effective and safe approaches.
基金supported in parts by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant numbers 31471703,31671854,and 31871754)the 100 Foreign Talents Plan (grant number JSB2014012).
文摘We describe two novel approaches for the determination of glucosamine(GlcN).The first approach is based on the chemical derivatization of GlcN with the non-fluorophor 1,3-diphenyl-1,3-propanedione(DPPD),which results in a condensation product with interesting fluorescent properties.The obtained compound was isolated by silica-gel chromatography and its structure elucidated by NMR and mass spectrometry.The second approach is based on a previously undescribed sensitivity of the enzyme glucosamine-6-phosphate deaminase(GPDA)towards GlcN,which resulted in the precipitation of the enzyme.Using a rational enzyme engineering approach and both liquid-based and plate-based screening methods,mutational GPDA variants with significantly improved precipitation properties were identified and characterized.These novel glucosamine detection methods may be a useful addition to the repertoire of currently available glucosamine detection sensors.
基金supported by grants from the State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agroproducts(2010DS700124-KF2007)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31571974)+2 种基金the Special Fund for Agroscientific Research in the Public Interest(201303015)the National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFD0200900)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China(BK20170606).
文摘Exogenous melatonin(MT)was found to be an interesting tool for enhancing the resistance of rice to Xanthomonasoryzaepv.oryzae(Xoo)-caused bacterial blight(BB).However,the accurate comparison of the expression levels across samples was a challenging task.In this work,the stability of 10 common used housekeeping genes under Xoo-infection and MT supplementation in rice was analyzed using quantitative real-time PCR(qRT-PCR),and algorithms geNorm,NormFinder and BestKeeper.Our results indicated that most reference genes remained stable in Xoo-infected rice plants,while a number of reference genes were affected by MT supplementation.Among all studied genes,the transcript levels of 18S(18S ribosomal RNA)and UBC(Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2)remained unaltered by Xoo infection,while UBC and UBQ5(Ubiquitin 5)were the most stable genes when examining simultaneous Xoo-infection and MT supplementation,demonstrating that UBC is a suitable reference gene for qRT-PCR data normalization in rice under Xoo-infection and MT supplementation.
