This study investigates pedestrian crossing behaviors at signalized intersections,focusing on spatial and temporal violations.Using a comprehensive dataset comprising 5589 pedestrian crossing events at 47 crosswalks a...This study investigates pedestrian crossing behaviors at signalized intersections,focusing on spatial and temporal violations.Using a comprehensive dataset comprising 5589 pedestrian crossing events at 47 crosswalks across 39 intersections in Utah,the research employs multilevel regression models to identify the factors influencing these violation behaviors.Key findings indicate that individual characteristics such as gender and mobility device use,environmental conditions including temperature and time-of-day and social dynamics such as the presence of other pedestrians significantly impact violation behav-iors.The study reveals that female-presenting pedestrians and those using mobility devices are generally more compliant,while higher temperatures and specific times-of-day are associated with increased violation rates.The analysis also highlights that longer waiting time is linked to a reduced likelihood of violations,and that social dynamics play a crucial role,with the presence of other pedestrians discouraging violations.Additionally,neigh-borhoods with larger shares of Hispanic or non-white populations have higher violation rates,and mid-block crossings see more temporal violations.These findings aim to enhance pedestrian safety and compliance at signalized intersections,ultimately reducing pedes-trian fatalities and injuries.展开更多
Familiar and unfamiliar drivers may exhibit different behaviours in response to the road environment.Overall familiarity with the road environment is a human factor believed to play a role in road crash injury severit...Familiar and unfamiliar drivers may exhibit different behaviours in response to the road environment.Overall familiarity with the road environment is a human factor believed to play a role in road crash injury severity due to its effect on a driver’s decision-making process,reaction time,etc.Hence,there is a need to separately analyse familiar and unfa miliar drivers regarding the injury severity of crashes.Using a six-year database of 30,481 rural two-vehicle crashes in Guilan province,Iran,this research first defined four categories of crashes,reflecting various levels of the involved drivers’familiarity with the environ ment(72%of drivers were from the same vs.28%from a different province).Next,the injury severity of crashes in each familiarity crash category was analysed using both non-parametric(classification and regression trees)and parametric(logistic regression)methods.When both crash parties were unfamiliar,several results are different compared to whenboth parties were familiar or when ignoring driver familiarity.For instance,young at-fault drivers increased the injury severity of crashes if they were unfamiliar,while they decreased the crash severity if they were familiar.Also,crashes in winter tended to be more severe when one or especially both crash parties were unfamiliar,but winter crashes were less severe when both drivers were familiar or when driver familiarity was ignored.Overall,when both drivers were familiar,63%of crashes were injury/fatal;however,when both drivers were unfamiliar,only 31%of crashes involved an injury or fatality.展开更多
基金supported by the Utah Department of Transportation(UDOT).
文摘This study investigates pedestrian crossing behaviors at signalized intersections,focusing on spatial and temporal violations.Using a comprehensive dataset comprising 5589 pedestrian crossing events at 47 crosswalks across 39 intersections in Utah,the research employs multilevel regression models to identify the factors influencing these violation behaviors.Key findings indicate that individual characteristics such as gender and mobility device use,environmental conditions including temperature and time-of-day and social dynamics such as the presence of other pedestrians significantly impact violation behav-iors.The study reveals that female-presenting pedestrians and those using mobility devices are generally more compliant,while higher temperatures and specific times-of-day are associated with increased violation rates.The analysis also highlights that longer waiting time is linked to a reduced likelihood of violations,and that social dynamics play a crucial role,with the presence of other pedestrians discouraging violations.Additionally,neigh-borhoods with larger shares of Hispanic or non-white populations have higher violation rates,and mid-block crossings see more temporal violations.These findings aim to enhance pedestrian safety and compliance at signalized intersections,ultimately reducing pedes-trian fatalities and injuries.
文摘Familiar and unfamiliar drivers may exhibit different behaviours in response to the road environment.Overall familiarity with the road environment is a human factor believed to play a role in road crash injury severity due to its effect on a driver’s decision-making process,reaction time,etc.Hence,there is a need to separately analyse familiar and unfa miliar drivers regarding the injury severity of crashes.Using a six-year database of 30,481 rural two-vehicle crashes in Guilan province,Iran,this research first defined four categories of crashes,reflecting various levels of the involved drivers’familiarity with the environ ment(72%of drivers were from the same vs.28%from a different province).Next,the injury severity of crashes in each familiarity crash category was analysed using both non-parametric(classification and regression trees)and parametric(logistic regression)methods.When both crash parties were unfamiliar,several results are different compared to whenboth parties were familiar or when ignoring driver familiarity.For instance,young at-fault drivers increased the injury severity of crashes if they were unfamiliar,while they decreased the crash severity if they were familiar.Also,crashes in winter tended to be more severe when one or especially both crash parties were unfamiliar,but winter crashes were less severe when both drivers were familiar or when driver familiarity was ignored.Overall,when both drivers were familiar,63%of crashes were injury/fatal;however,when both drivers were unfamiliar,only 31%of crashes involved an injury or fatality.
